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Traveling Outside the U.S. with a Criminal Background

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  Can You Travel Outside of the U.S. with a Criminal Background?

Whether or not you can travel outside of the U.S. with a criminal background will depend on the country you wish to visit, the nature of your criminal record, and the severity of your offense. Generally speaking, most countries have their own laws and regulations regarding entry and immigration, and it is up to their discretion to decide who they allow into their country.

If you plan on traveling with a misdemeanor record, you may still be able to go to some countries, especially those that do not have strict immigration policies. However, some countries may deny entry to people with a criminal background, particularly for serious or violent offenses.

Even if you are able to travel to another country with a criminal background, you may still face additional scrutiny and restrictions during the immigration process, such as additional questioning or searches.

If you are planning to travel outside of the U.S. with a criminal background, first research the specific entry requirements for the country you plan to visit and speak with an immigration lawyer if necessary.

Additionally, you may want to apply for a travel waiver or visa, increasing your chances of being granted entry into certain countries.

What Are Some Effects of Having a Criminal Record?

What about traveling as a u.s. citizen, what about traveling as a non-u.s. citizen, how can i avoid difficulties when traveling, what else should i know about traveling with a criminal background, can i obtain a passport with a criminal record, can i travel outside of the u.s. if my record was expunged, how can an immigration lawyer help.

Having a criminal record can have significant and long-lasting effects on your life, including your employment opportunities, housing options, and even your ability to travel outside of the country.

Here are some specific effects of having a criminal record, particularly for felonies , DUI charges , and unpaid child support :

• Travel restrictions: A criminal record can limit your ability to travel outside the country, particularly for felony offenses and DUI charges. Some countries may deny entry to people with certain criminal convictions or may require additional documentation, such as a travel waiver or visa, which can be difficult to obtain.
• Employment opportunities: People with a criminal record may have difficulty finding employment, particularly in fields that require background checks, such as healthcare, education, and finance. Some employers may have policies that automatically disqualify people with certain types of criminal convictions.
• Housing options: Landlords and property managers may also conduct background checks on potential tenants and may be hesitant to rent to people with a criminal record, particularly for felony offenses.
• Financial impacts: Unpaid child support can result in a criminal record and can have significant financial impacts, including wage garnishments, tax refund intercepts, and even arrest warrants.
• Personal relationships: Having a criminal record can also impact your personal relationships, as some people may be hesitant to associate with people who have been convicted of a crime.

Having a criminal record can have long-lasting effects on your life, and it is crucial to understand the potential consequences of criminal convictions. If possible, seek legal advice to explore your options for reducing or expunging a criminal record.

As a U.S. citizen, you have the right to travel within the country and to most international destinations. However, having a criminal record can impact your ability to travel to some countries, particularly for felony offenses and DUI charges.

Some countries have strict immigration policies and may deny entry to people with certain criminal convictions, while others may require additional documentation, such as a travel waiver or visa. You should research the specific entry requirements for the country you want to visit and speak with an immigration lawyer if necessary.

For non-U.S. citizens, having a criminal background can significantly impact their ability to travel, particularly if they are not citizens of the country where the offense was committed.

Many countries have strict immigration policies that may deny entry to people with criminal convictions, even for minor offenses.

Additionally, some countries may require a visa or other documentation for entry, which may be hard to obtain for people with a criminal record.

Research the specific entry requirements for the country you wish to visit and consult with an immigration lawyer. In some cases, obtaining a waiver or pardon may be possible to overcome the criminal inadmissibility grounds and gain entry into the country.

Here are some tips to help you avoid difficulties when traveling with a criminal background:

• Research entry requirements: Before booking your trip, research the entry requirements for the country you want to visit. Some countries have strict immigration policies and deny entry to people with criminal convictions. If you are unsure about the requirements in the country you are planning to visit, speak with an immigration lawyer.
• Obtain necessary documentation: If additional documentation, such as a travel waiver or visa, is required, make sure to obtain it well in advance of your travel dates.
• Disclose your criminal record: Be honest when filling out travel forms and disclosing your criminal record. Failing to disclose your criminal record can result in a denied entry or even further criminal charges.
• Plan for additional screening: If you have a criminal record, plan for additional screening and questioning during the immigration process. Try your best to stay calm and answer all questions truthfully.

Other legal issues to consider when traveling with a criminal background include the possibility of an immigration hearing , depending on the country you are planning on visiting. An immigration hearing may be required if you have been denied entry or if the immigration authorities have questions about your criminal history.

If an immigration hearing is required, contact an immigration lawyer to talk about your rights and options.

The answer is generally yes. However, there are some circumstances where a passport may be denied or revoked, such as for certain felony convictions or outstanding child support payments. Check with the U.S. Department of State for more information on passport eligibility requirements.

If your criminal record has been expunged or sealed, it may still impact your ability to travel outside of the U.S., depending on the country you are planning to visit. Some countries still consider the expungement or sealing of your record in their immigration decisions.

For this reason, you should research the specific entry requirements for the country you wish to visit before making any definite plans and consult with an immigration lawyer if necessary.

If you have concerns about traveling outside of the U.S. with a criminal background, you should talk to an immigration lawyer .

An immigration lawyer can help you research the specific entry requirements for the country you want to visit and advise you on any legal issues you may face. They can also help you prepare the necessary documentation and represent you in an immigration hearing if required.

Don’t hesitate to seek legal guidance from an experienced immigration lawyer to ensure a smooth travel experience outside of the United States. Use LegalMatch’s online attorney-client matching system to help you find the right immigration lawyer for all of your international travel needs today.

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Travelling abroad with a criminal record – Country by country

Our mission is to support & advocate for people with criminal records to be able to move on positively in their lives. Find out more

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Aim of this page, why is this important, travel to africa, travel to the americas, travel to asia, travel to oceania, personal experiences, discuss this with others, useful links, more information, get involved.

If you’ve been convicted of a criminal offence in the past, then your opportunities for entering another country may be limited. It can be difficult to get a definitive answer as to what questions are being asked by a country’s immigration department about criminal records.

The aim of this page is to give brief guidance on the entry criteria for various countries throughout the world. It’s part of our information on travelling abroad .

Many countries do not readily welcome people with a criminal record. However, how relevant your offence is and the time period that should elapse before being given permission to enter varies from country to country. Some are a lot stricter than others and it’s likely that we will have separate information where this is the case.

If you are being supervised by probation or on licence, you should follow the advice provided to you by your probation officer. Leaving the country without permission may result in a breach of your licence conditions.

If the country you’re intending to visit doesn’t require you to have a visa then you’re less likely to have a problem as a result of your criminal record.

Disclosure of your criminal record will often vary depending on the type of visa that you’re applying for. Most countries that issue retirement visas will require a police certificate as do work and student visas.

If you’re asked about your criminal convictions you should answer truthfully. If you don’t and they subsequently come to light, this could result in a lengthy or permanent bar to entering the country; this is especially so in Canada and the USA.

A visa to travel to Egypt needs to be purchased online in advance. However, there are no questions about criminal records on the visa application form.

The majority of people travelling to Ethiopia will require a visa. This is available as an e-visa which can be completed in advance or can be purchased on arrival. There are no questions about criminal records on the form.

Almost everybody travelling to Kenya will require a visa; the majority of individuals will be able to apply for an online e-visa . This visa application form asks individuals to disclose “any offence under any system of law”.

The majority of people travelling to Tanzania will require a visa. It can be purchased on arrival in the country or in advance as an online e-visa . There are no questions about criminal records on the application form.

Most visitors will not need a visa to visit Morocco. They will be asked to complete a Moroccan Immigration Landing Card but this has no questions about criminal records.

The majority of visitors will not need a visa to travel to Tunisia. They will be asked to complete a Tunisian Immigration Landing Card but this has no questions about criminal records.

South Africa

Most visitors will not need a visa to visit South Africa but they will usually be asked to complete a TC-01 Traveller Card on arrival (this is generally for customs purposes). There are no questions about criminal records on the TC-01 form. Further information on travelling to South Africa can be found here .

If you’re a British passport holder, travelling for less than 90 days, you won’t need a visa to travel to Argentina.

If you’re a British passport holder, travelling for less than 90 days you won’t need a visa to visit Brazil. You will be asked to complete a Brazilian Immigration Arrivals Card but there are no questions about criminal records.

Detailed guidance on travelling to Canada can be found here .

If you’re a British passport holder travelling for less than 90 days you won’t require a visa to travel to Chile. You will be required to complete a Tourist Card but there are no questions about criminal records.

Before travelling to Cuba you’ll need to purchase a Tourist Card online . There are no questions about criminal records on the application form.

Dominican Republic

If you’re a British passport holder travelling for less than 30 days you won’t require a visa to travel to the Dominican Republic. The purchase of a Tourist Card is no longer required.

If you’re a British passport holder you won’t require a visa to travel to Mexico. You will be asked to complete an Immigration Card on both arrival and departure but there are no questions about criminal records.

If you’re an British passport holder you won’t require a visa to travel to Peru if you’re visiting as a tourist.

Detailed guidance on travelling to the USA can be found here .

Tourist visas can be purchased on arrival in Cambodia or online by e-visa .

Detailed guidance on travelling to China can be found here .

You can travel to Hong Kong for up to 6 months without a visa. You will be asked to complete an Arrivals Card but there are no questions about criminal records.

Detailed guidance on travelling to India can be found here .

If you’re a British passport holder travelling for up to 30 days you won’t require a visa to travel to Indonesia. The Arrivals Card has also recently been abolished.

The majority of people visiting Iran will need a visa . You should make sure that you apply well in advance of your visit as the process can be long an unpredictable. There is a question on the visa application form which asks “Have you ever had any history of arrests or convictions in any country” .

You won’t need a visa to enter Israel as a tourist. Upon entry, visitors will be given an Entry Card to complete where you’ll be asked to confirm that you’ve not committed any criminal offence.

Detailed guidance on travelling to Japan can be found here .

You can travel to Macau for up to 6 months without a visa. You will be asked to complete an Arrivals Card but there are no questions about criminal records.

If you’re a British passport holder you won’t need a visa to travel to Malaysia. Landing cards have now been abolished.

The majority of people travelling to Nepal will require a visa. You can apply online but there are no questions about criminal records on the application form.

Phillipines

If you’re a British passport holder you can enter the Phillipines without a visa for an initial period of 30 days. You will be asked to complete an Arrivals Card but it doesn’t ask questions about criminal records.

You can travel to Singapore for up to 90 days without a visa. You will be asked to complete a Disembarkation/Embarkation form but there are no questions about criminal records.

South Korea

If you’re a British passport holder you can enter South Korea as a tourist for up to 90 days without a visa. You will be asked to complete an Arrivals Card but it doesn’t ask any questions about criminal records.

If you’re a British passport holder you can enter Taiwan without a visa for 90 days. You will be asked to complete an Arrivals Card but it doesn’t ask any questions about criminal records.

British passport holders can enter Thailand for 30 days without a visa – this is known as a visa exemption. You will be asked to complete an Arrivals Card but it doesn’t ask any questions about criminal records.

If you’re a British passport holder you can get a tourist visa on arrival in the UAE. As the UAE embassies do not issue visas, you’ll need to apply for one via a UAE-based airline.

Until June 2021 British passport holders can enter Vietnam for 15 days without a visa. After June 2021, visitors will need to apply for an e-visa online although there are no questions about criminal records.

Detailed guidance on travelling to Australia can be found here .

New Zealand

Detailed guidance on travelling to New Zealand can be found here .

The personal stories below have been posted on theRecord , our online magazine:

Travelling to Thailand with a criminal record – You just Thai and stop me

Having my wings clipped by an old conviction – How my criminal record stopped me travelling with my family

Read and share your experiences on our online forum.

Key sections include:

Below you will find links to useful websites relating to this page. More specific details (including addresses and telephone numbers) of some of the organisations listed below can be found here .

• GOV.UK – Provides the latest travel advice by country including entry requirements
• For practical information – More information can be found in our travelling abroad section
• To read personal stories – You can read stories about this posted on theRecord, our online magazine, under the category of travelling abroad
• To discuss this issue with others – Read and share your experiences on our online forum
• Questions – If you have any questions about this you can contact our helpline .

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Can you help please? My partner from Barbados lived in the UK some 20 years ago and whilst he was here was convicted and served a 15 year sentence in the UK. At the end of his sentence he was given a choice to either stay in the country under licence or go back to Barbados. As his family and grandchildren live in Barbados he made the decision to return there. We subsequently met nearly 5 years ago and my partner now wishes to come to the UK to visit me for a holiday. I understand he will need to apply for a standard visit visa however I have also read that if refused it is harder to obtain a visa through appeal. Can you recommend the best way to go forward with this please? Thank you

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Navigating the landscape of travel restrictions can be a daunting task for anyone, let alone someone carrying the weight of a criminal record. The goal of this post is to demystify the complications surrounding the rules and regulations imposed on convicted felons wishing to travel, and to provide a comprehensive guide to domestic and international travel possibilities for this demographic.

Throughout this post, we will delve into the rationale behind these restrictions, dissect the travel limitations within the United States, explore international opportunities, discuss the passport process, and share successful travel stories from individuals managing the challenge posed by their criminal records.

Understanding Restrictions for Those with a Criminal Record

In various countries across the globe, individuals with criminal records face certain travel restrictions. These limitations exist due to an array of legal measures and safety precautions taken by nations to protect their citizens and maintain order. The purpose of these travel restrictions typically revolves around national security, safety, and public order. National governments have the right and responsibility to determine who can enter and remain within their borders. Therefore, factors like a person’s criminal record may drastically influence these decisions.

Certain countries possess strict policies regarding felon travel, primarily rooted in international and national law. However, the specifics of these restrictions often depend on a variety of factors, including the severity of the crime, time since the conviction, and the individual’s behavior since their conviction. These limitations vary from nation to nation and are enforced at the discretion of each country’s immigration officers.

How Do Travel Restrictions Work?

Travel restrictions for convicted felons largely depend on the country they wish to visit. Various nations have specific laws and regulations pertaining to felons and their ability to cross borders. These rules hinge on the nature of the crimes committed, the punishment received, and how long ago the felon completed their sentence.

For example, countries with particularly stringent immigration laws, like the United States and Canada, may deny entry to individuals with certain types of criminal convictions. However, other countries like Mexico and the Caribbean nations may be less strict, allowing convicted felons entry provided they’ve completed their sentence and comply with other immigration regulations.

In numerous cases, felons are required to apply for a visa to gain entry into a foreign country. The visa application process often includes questions regarding the applicant’s criminal history. A conviction doesn’t necessarily lead to automatic disqualification, but it could complicate the process and possibly result in denial.

Traveling with a Felony: Where Can Convicted Felons Travel To?

The world is not completely closed off to those with criminal records. However, convicted felons in particular, need to comprehend and comply with the distinct immigration rules and regulations of each country. Regions such as Southeast Asia, Central and South America, Africa, and the Middle East typically have less stringent travel restrictions for felons.

Although the United States and Canada may impose restrictions on felons, Mexico and other nations such as Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Costa Rica have more lenient laws. Southeast Asian regions like Thailand, Cambodia, and the Philippines also generally permit travel for those with criminal records.

However, European travel throws up more hurdles. In the Schengen Area, which comprises 26 European countries, U.S. citizens usually can roam visa-free for up to 90 days. Yet, a criminal record might obstruct this privilege. Thus, it is crucial for felons to review the specific rules for each country in the Schengen Area.

While it can be a daunting task to decipher these diverse restrictions, appropriate research and strategic planning can open up several opportunities for convicted felons wishing to venture abroad. Because policies can fluctuate, it is crucial to stay updated with the current laws and requirements of each country when planning travel.

Traveling Within the United States

Charting the homeland: u.s. domestic travel guidelines for convicted felons.

Unlike international restrictions, there’s no explicit prohibition in the United States limiting domestic travel for convicted felons. There are few overt hindrances, but certain laws and regulations associated with an individual’s parole or probation terms can restrict their freedom to move. Often, these conditions specify that felons must stay within a particular location, usually their home county or state, unless authorized by their parole or probation officer to journey elsewhere.

Moreover, each state maintains distinct laws on whether felons are granted restoration of rights, like voting or weapon possession. Consequently, relocating or journeying to a different state does not automatically alter a felon’s legal status. Unexpected legal complications could arise if they breach specific laws tied to their conviction in the state they are visiting.

Understanding State-to-State Variation in Laws

The United States has a federal system of government where power is divided between the federal government and state governments. This means that criminal laws can vary significantly from state to state. While some crimes, such as major drug offenses, are illegal everywhere in the U.S., other legal areas, such as gun laws, drastically differ depending on the state. It’s essential for the felons to thoroughly understand these varying laws between states.

For example, in states like Arizona and Florida, felons’ rights, including the right to vote and the right to own guns, are restored after a specific duration post-incarceration. At the same time, other states like Iowa or Alabama impose more stringent rules on when and how a convict may regain these rights.

International Travel: Restrictions and Opportunities for Convicted Felons

When it comes to international travel, it directly depends on the regulations of the specific country a convicted felon is planning to visit. Some countries, like Canada, are known to have stringent regulations in place that may prevent felons from entry. However, countries such as Mexico or Europe’s Schengen area do not have any specific regulations barring entry to felons.

Most countries conduct a background check at the time of visa application or on arrival. The decision to allow entrance is mostly at the discretion of border control officials. The type of crime committed too affects the decision: violent crimes, drug-related offenses, and crimes involving children can lead to denial more frequently. Convicted felons are encouraged to conduct specific research into their desired destination’s entry requirements, or via the U.S. Department of State’s website, before making travel plans.

Understanding Passport Eligibility for Convicted Felons

All U.S. citizens, felons included, generally have the right to apply for and receive a U.S. passport. There are, however, certain exceptions to this rule. For instance, felons who have been convicted of international drug trafficking or owe child support debts that exceed $2,500 may encounter barriers in obtaining a passport. It’s also important to note that possessing a U.S. passport does not automatically grant entry to other countries. Each country enforces its own set of immigration laws and entry regulations, which felons must comply with.

International Travel for Convicted Felons

Navigating international travel as a convicted felon: a broad overview.

Policies on admitting visitors with a criminal history vary from one country to another. A significant number of countries do not impose any regulations that specifically deny entry to convicted felons. Conversely, there are countries that implement stringent immigration policies and may refuse entry to individuals based on the nature of their criminal conviction .

Entering Canada with a Criminal Record

Canada is one country that imposes strict regulations on travelers with a criminal record. Even minor offenses can result in an individual being denied entry. For a felon to be considered “rehabilitated,” a certain period of time must have passed since the completion of the imprisonment sentence. This period can be either 5 or 10 years, depending on the crime. In some cases, an individual might apply for criminal rehabilitation to gain entry, which constitutes a lengthy and complicated process. Even then, approval is not guaranteed.

European Union’s Policy on Convicted Felon

The European Union typically does not restrict travel for individuals with a criminal record as long as they have the necessary documentation. This includes convicted felons from the United States. To travel to the Schengen Area, Americans generally only need a passport that is valid for at least three months beyond the intended stay. However, starting in 2022, American travelers must apply for an ETIAS visa waiver to enter Schengen Area countries.

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Australia’s Entry Requirements

Australia also has stringent entry requirements for travelers with a criminal record. The country may refuse visa application or can deny entry upon arrival if a person has a substantial criminal record. This is generally defined as a sentence of 12 months or more in prison, multiple sentences that aggregate to more than 2 years, or a sentence for an offense that involves immigration detention, idleness, or escaping from detention.

Countries with Relaxed Entry Requirements

Some countries, like Mexico, the Caribbean, and most Central and South American countries, often do not have strict restrictions for tourists with a criminal background, unless the crime was committed within their borders or was drug- or terrorism-related. Similarly, many African and Asian countries do not have strict entrance policies for individuals with criminal records.

Deportation and Criminal Records

Certain countries, like the United States, have significantly stringent immigration laws. They may deport non-citizens, including green card holders, if they commit certain crimes, irrespective of their sentence length. Knowing the immigration and visa policies of a country before planning a trip is undoubtedly crucial in these circumstances.

The Big Picture

Navigating international travel as a convicted felon can often seem like a daunting challenge. It’s a process that commands comprehensive research, planning, and often, legal guidance. An understanding of specific travel restrictions for different countries and the kind of documentation required is crucial. It’s also important to remember, dishonesty or misinformation on visa applications can lead to serious legal repercussions.

The Process of Obtaining a Passport

Applying for a passport: convicted felons.

Contrary to popular belief, the process to apply for a passport for convicted felons in the United States isn’t very different from that of other citizens. It involves completing the DS-11 form, presenting proof of U.S. citizenship, an identification card, and a recent passport photo. Nonetheless, felons should be prepared to face some additional scrutiny during the review stage of their application.

Eligibility Restrictions due to Criminal Convictions

Felons must understand that certain crimes may automatically disqualify them from obtaining a passport. These include international drug trafficking offenses or owing more than $5,000 in child support payments. The clause 22 U.S.C. 2714 also considers individuals convicted of a felony involving crossing international borders ineligible for a passport.

On the other hand, other lesser offenses might not necessarily restrict eligibility. It largely depends on the specific circumstances surrounding the criminal conviction and whether or not a court order specifically forbids international travel.

Improving Chances of Successful Application

For felons, there are ways to potentially improve the chances of obtaining a passport. The most effective way is to apply for the passport once off probation or parole, as these circumstances themselves might restrict international travel.

Moreover, demonstrating good behavior post-conviction, keeping a clean record, and showing evidence of rehabilitation might help. However, note that the final judgment solely rests upon the discretion of the passport authority.

Understanding International Travel as a Convicted Felon

Exploring the globe as a convicted felon can hinge upon specific immigration laws unique to each country. For instance, traveling to Canada may present challenges as they often deny entry to individuals with certain offenses, including DUIs.

Conversely, more accommodating nations such as Mexico, Costa Rica, and Ecuador are relatively lenient towards those with prior criminal records. However, it’s noteworthy that some countries utilize the Interpol database for screening travelers’ criminal backgrounds which might include yours.

Regardless, it’s imperative that felons familiarize themselves with the specific entry policies of the prospective destination before committing to travel plans. One way to do this is by reaching out to local embassies or reviewing the travel advisories put forth by the U.S. Department of State.

It’s crucial to remember that even with a passport, entry into foreign territories is not guaranteed. Ultimately, it’s the immigration authorities of the host country who conduct a background check upon arrival and decide whether to grant or deny entry.

Some Successful Travel stories of Convicted Felons – Get Inspired

Personal account: overcoming barriers to international travel post-conviction.

Inspiring tales from past felony offenders illustrate that global travel is not an impossibility. One such instance is Carlos, a former drug dealer who turned his life around to become a motivational speaker. Post incarceration, he was driven by a strong urge to travel to South America, specifically targeting Brazil and Argentina.

To his surprise, he found both Brazil and Argentina to have welcoming approaches towards travelers with a criminal past. He credits his successful journey to the diligent fulfillment of all visa prerequisites and advocating honesty during immigration questioning. Carlos’s experience shines as a guiding light for other ex-convicts inspired to tread the travel path.

Asia: An Accessible Destination

Tim, who once served time for financial fraud, now thrives as an entrepreneur. His global business demands frequent travel, especially to Asian countries. With thorough research and careful planning, Tim learned that countries like Japan and Thailand do not outrightly prohibit travelers with a criminal record. It’s important to remember, however, that strict visa procedures and rigorous immigration checks are still in place. Convicted felons are encouraged to ascertain the immigration rules of their desired destination before traveling.

Expungement and Canada: A Fresh Start

The case of Linda is particularly enlightening. Despite having a felony conviction for embezzlement, Linda was able to travel to Canada, a country known for its stringent immigration laws concerning convicted felons. This was made possible through the expungement of her criminal record, allowing her to visit Canada without restrictions. This is a great reminder for felons to consider the legal resources available to them, including expungement and pardons, depending on the jurisdiction, to ease their travel.

Travelling to Europe: Awareness and Preparation

Mike’s story provides hope for convicted felons wishing to travel to Europe. Mike was convicted on assault charges, but his dream was to travel to Italy and France after serving his time. He found out that the European nations under the Schengen agreement, including Italy and France, have no explicit rules against admitting tourists with criminal records. However, Mike emphasizes the importance of honesty and awareness – travelers must be prepared to declare any past convictions if asked at the border control.

These stories represent just a few examples of convicted felons making successful trips abroad.

The common thread in every story is the need for diligent preparation, thorough research, honesty, and patience. Remember, each country has its individual immigration rules and regulations. Consulting with a legal expert before planning a trip can help avoid potential disappointments and legal infringes, ensuring a smooth and enjoyable travel experience.

Overcoming travel restrictions as a convicted felon undoubtedly presents a significant challenge. However, it’s crucial to remember that the path towards exploration isn’t entirely blocked. Understanding the rules, both domestic and international, coupled with patience and perseverance, can pave the way towards expanding one’s horizons. The takeaways and stories shared throughout this discussion are testament to the possibilities that lie ahead. It’s a journey of knowledge, hope, and resilience.

-The Educated Felon

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Wrong. If you committed any crime causing you to go to jail, Japan does not allow entry.

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Traveling with a criminal history

• 2.2 Ethiopia
• 2.4 Tanzania
• 2.5 Morocco
• 2.6 Tunisia
• 2.7 South Africa
• 3.1 Argentina
• 3.3.1 Character concerns
• 3.3.2 Rehabilitation
• 3.3.3 Temporary resident permits
• 3.3.4 Pardons
• 3.3.5 Financial history
• 3.3.6 Other concerns
• 3.3.7 Exception for British Citizens
• 3.6 Dominican Republic
• 3.9.1 Visa Office Advisory Opinions
• 4.1 Cambodia
• 4.3 Hong Kong
• 4.5 Indonesia
• 4.10 Malaysia
• 4.12 Philippines
• 4.13 Singapore
• 4.14 South Korea
• 4.15 Taiwan
• 4.16 Thailand
• 4.17 United Arab Emirates
• 4.18 Vietnam
• 5.1 Schengen Area
• 5.2 Ireland
• 5.5 Ukraine
• 5.6 United Kingdom
• 6.1 Australia and New Zealand

If you have been convicted of any crimes in the past , your opportunities for entering another country might be restricted. Many countries ban people who have served time in prison from entering, and while minor countries that do so often don't have the resources to find out about crimes that haven't made it to the international news, bigger countries may have them. For visas for long term visits (studying, work etc.) it's not uncommon that the destination country requires you to provide a translated statement from your country's criminal record system.

There is no single authoritative source to consult on travelling with a criminal history, nor will your experience in every country be the same (there are, after all, over 190 countries in the world) but most information can be found either on the destination country's immigration agency website, through its embassy in your homeland, or by searching legislation.

Understand [ edit ]

Many countries do not easily welcome those with criminal backgrounds for obvious reasons, but what criminal history is relevant, and the period that must have elapsed since a conviction, varies from country to country. For some countries, particularly Canada and the US, even a minor criminal conviction 50 years ago can cause you to be refused entry, while others would require a conviction for a violent or serious crime to be refused entry. This page also lists ways (if known) to overcome a bar on entry due to a criminal history.

In general it is very difficult, if not impossible, to travel to any country if you have a record of convictions for violent or sexual crimes, repeated convictions for felonies, or a recent conviction for a serious crime. Some countries prohibit their own citizens from leaving if they have serious criminal histories. However, in general, authorities are not concerned about petty offences.

If you are on probation or parole you must follow the travel policies set by your probation officer to the letter, as leaving the country (or even your locality in certain countries) without permission will result in a violation. Generally offences committed in the destination country count more than offences committed outside of their country. The most common question on visa forms and arrival cards is if you've formerly been deported or refused entry from the country (and often whether this has happened to you in any country).

Visas [ edit ]

If the destination country allows you to visit by just showing up at the border with your passport (or even ID-card), unless you are wanted by the authorities, it's less likely you will have problems. If you on the other hand need to apply for a visa or something similar (e.g. the American ESTA ), criminal history is frequently something they're interested in.

Requirements vary with the type of visa. All countries that issue retirement visas require a criminal background check, which is a letter from police in your home country or other places you've lived saying you have a clean record, and many countries require that for working, immigration or student visas as well. The background check might need to be notarized and even affixed with a apostille , a kind of international notarization. For a tourist visa, few if any countries check that carefully, but may sometimes ask about criminal history.

If you are asked about your criminal convictions, you must answer truthfully. Any false statements could result in a lengthy or permanent bar to entering that country, particularly the USA or Canada. Other countries, like the UK, have a concept of "spent" convictions that do not have to be declared once the conditions for "spent convictions" have been met, and that is about the only time you can get away with not disclosing a conviction. Countries with close relationships often have access to each others' criminal record databases that immigration officers can pull up; examples include the United States and Canada, Australia and New Zealand, as well as all Schengen Area and European Union countries.

Africa [ edit ]

Egypt [ edit ].

No questions about criminal history in the visa form or arrival card .

Ethiopia [ edit ]

Almost everyone needs a visa, but it's available as e-visa, and for most nationalities on arrival. No questions about crimes in the application form [dead link] .

Kenya [ edit ]

Citizens of a few African countries and small island nations around the world get in visa-free, almost everyone else needs a visa, for most this means e-visa. In the visa application you need to declare "any offence under any system of law".

Tanzania [ edit ]

Citizens of some African countries and small island nations can enter visa-free. For those who need a visa, almost everybody can obtain it on arrival or as an evisa. The visa form doesn't have any questions about previous crimes or convictions.

Morocco [ edit ]

Neither the visa application [dead link] nor the arrival card has any questions about criminal history.

Tunisia [ edit ]

Unclear about the visa application but the arrival card doesn't include questions of this nature.

South Africa [ edit ]

If you need to apply for a visa to enter or transit South Africa, you must declare [dead link] former crime convictions, criminal actions that are pending against you, memberships of organizations whose activities are against the law in different ways in any country. In addition they will ask you about being removed from or refused entry into South Africa. Visitors need to complete a TC-01 traveller card when arriving; this is mostly for customs issues.

Americas [ edit ]

Argentina [ edit ].

The Argentinian visa application includes a range of questions about crimes from prostitution to genocide and jail terms of more than three years.

Brazil [ edit ]

No questions about your past in the entry and exit card [dead link] nor in the visa application form , but after the form is filled out you may have to schedule an interview at the embassy or consulate.

Canada [ edit ]

While Canada's policies on criminal record are really strict (any convictions no matter how minor or how long ago makes you inadmissible), it is possible to overcome the inadmissibility by submitting an application for "rehabilitation". This process can take a long time and requires numerous references to prove that you are in fact rehabilitated and that further offences are unlikely. If you do not want to wait that long and must go to Canada, you may be able to apply for a temporary resident permit; however, the reason must be justified and vacations are not considered a justified reason.

If you have been convicted of driving while impaired by alcohol or drugs, you will probably be found criminally inadmissible to Canada as this is an offence under Canada's Criminal Code.

Frequently Asked Questions for criminal inadmissibility to Canada

Character concerns [ edit ]

All potential visitors, whether applying for a temporary resident visa or requesting landing permission at the border must be of good moral character, and under Canadian law this means having a completely clean criminal history. Any offence, misdemeanour or felony, regardless of how minor or how long ago it took place could exclude you from Canada for a period of time or indefinitely. Some U.S. citizens have been turned back while attempting to drive across the border. Even former U.S. President George W. Bush needed to apply for a waiver to enter on an official state visit during his term in office because of a past D.U.I. which happened twenty-four years before that. There are a few exceptions, and if you are inadmissible because of a criminal conviction, you do have some options.

A minor misdemeanour (what Canadian law calls a "summary conviction") may keep you out of Canada for at least five years from the date you finish your sentence. More serious offences ("felonies" in US law, "indictable offences" in Canadian or British law) may require you to wait up to ten years, or in the most serious cases obtain a pardon or other civil relief locally before applying for entry. Some relatively minor infractions in other countries (minor drug possession tickets in countries where they are not handled through the criminal system, or drunk driving in jurisdictions which treat this as a simple traffic violation) are considered criminal convictions for the purpose of immigration law, as Canada's Criminal Code treats these as crimes. With the exception of crimes of conscience, even if you were prosecuted for an offence in that country which would not have been an offence in Canada, it would result in you being inadmissible. Similarly, if you committed a violation that is considered a criminal offence in Canada but not in the country in which it was committed, that would also result in you being inadmissible to Canada. Even if you were never arrested, charged with a crime or sentenced it is possible to be turned away by a border guard on suspicion of criminal activity. Additionally, you cannot enter Canada if there are current charges pending against you or a trial is under way (for obvious reasons).

Although unlikely as a visitor who meets all other entry requirements, you may also be refused if you have significant unpaid debt, have an active civil judgement against you, or have recently declared bankruptcy. This is more likely to be an issue if your nationality requires a visa to enter Canada. In these cases, you can regain your ability to enter Canada by either paying the debt in full, showing evidence of a payment plan in good standing or after a bankruptcy showing a history of financial solvency over the period of a few years.

Offences committed before the age of 18, parking tickets, local ordinance violations and crimes of conscience (such as publishing statements critical of the government in an authoritarian country) generally do not result in inadmissibility. Similarly, non-criminal traffic tickets usually do not result in inadmissibility, although if you were ever required to appear in court over a traffic violation (not simply going to court to challenge a ticket) or you accumulated enough points that your license was summarily suspended or revoked, you may be inadmissible and should contact a Canadian embassy or high counsel for advice.

Rehabilitation [ edit ]

If you have a single misdemeanour or summary offence on your record and it's been at least ten years since you finished your sentence, and your offence could be punishable with a prison term of less than 10 years in Canada, you may be deemed rehabilitated on arrival. Some offences are hybrid, so even some summary offences carry a possible 10-year maximum sentence meaning you cannot be deemed rehabilitated . The burden is on you, the visitor, to provide proof that you have indeed reformed and are unlikely to re-offend. Possible proof includes but is not limited to:

• Police "good conduct" reports
• Character references
• Letters from employers, pay stubs, tax returns or other documentation showing that you have steady employment
• Evidence of any educational, volunteer or treatment experience that you've completed since your conviction.

Bring everything you have that suggests you're living a stable and crime-free life. The more documentation you have and the less the officer has to rely on your word that you've turned your life around the stronger your case is for being admitted.

If you are turned away, or if your offence makes you ineligible to be deemed rehabilitated, you can apply for individual rehabilitation directly to Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) . Again, at least five years must have passed since you completed your sentence. An application for individual rehabilitation has onerous documentation requirements, costs between CAD200 and CAD3,000 depending on the nature of the offence and whether the application requires approval from the Minister of Justice (all except the most straightforward misdemeanour convictions do) and can take six to twelve months (there are no guaranteed processing times) to get an answer. While you can compile the documentation and submit the application yourself, both CIC and many who have gone through the process highly advise retaining an immigration attorney to complete and file the application on your behalf. If you are denied rehabilitation, there is no right of appeal, you will not be given specific reasons as to why your application was denied, and you must wait at least one year before applying again.

Temporary resident permits [ edit ]

If you aren't qualified for either type of rehabilitation or are turned down, another option is a temporary resident permit , a one-time waiver for an inadmissible person to enter Canada. This is not the same as a temporary resident visa , but the two can be applied for together if you are from a country requiring such a visa. These are very rarely granted - only for "exceptionally compelling humanitarian grounds" or "reasons of significant national interest" .

While this has been used or abused by a politically well-connected few (including disgraced Canadian media mogul Conrad Black, who renounced citizenship) issuance of these permits is rare. Unless you're dealing with a documented family emergency, can afford to hire a really good immigration attorney or have connections in Canada (such as a Member of Parliament) who can intervene on your behalf, don't even bother applying for one of these.

Pardons [ edit ]

Obtaining a pardon or unconditional discharge will generally restore your ability to travel to Canada, and depending on your circumstances you may have much more luck going this route. If the crime was committed in Canada, there's a centralized process you can go through and odds of success are fairly high if you've shown commitment to turning your life around and kept your nose clean since then.

If your pardon or discharge was issued for a crime outside Canada, be sure to bring documentation to that effect with you to the border or when applying for a visa.

Financial history [ edit ]

Immigration authorities may perform a credit check and review your overall financial history as part of the character and risk assessment when applying for a visa or for landing permission at the border. Credit checks are not automatic for temporary visitors; they typically occur as part of a larger background investigation that results if the officer cannot ascertain your ability to support yourself. Minor issues (such as an occasional late credit card payment) are not a major concern. That being said, if you have frequent late payments, chargeoffs, liens, repossessions, or a bankruptcy, in the past few years, definitely be prepared to explain yourself (and having recent pay-stubs or other evidence of steady funds available for review is highly advised.)

On the other hand, if you are applying for any type of long term visa (such as a work or study permit) or are immigrating to Canada, your credit will be checked as part of the background investigation, and visas are occasionally denied for recent financial problems or just for having a large amount of unpaid debt, even if it's in good standing (e.g. student loans). Unless you can prove your credit problems were due to circumstances beyond your control (e.g. prolonged disability or illness, failed business venture, or identity theft) or are prepared to hire an immigration attorney, cleaning up your financial state of affairs at home prior to making plans for working or moving to Canada is strongly advised.

If you have a civil judgement against you (whether paid or not), or are a defendant in a pending lawsuit for unpaid debt, depending on the circumstances you may be inadmissible, contact an immigration attorney for advice. Additionally:

• The People's Republic of China and several Persian Gulf countries ( Bahrain , Kuwait , Qatar , and the United Arab Emirates ) treat default as a criminal offence punishable with a jail term.
• In the United States, apart from child support or taxes, default is not a crime. However, in many states evading collection attempts once a debt has progressed to litigation (usually by not showing up for hearings or failing to submit requested documents to the court) can lead to a criminal contempt charge, fines and a jail term.

If either situation applies, you are inadmissible and will need to go through the standard rehabilitation procedure prior to travelling to Canada. In addition to the requisite time requirement, you will also need to show that the debt in question is paid in full or satisfactory arrangements are in place to pay it.

Other concerns [ edit ]

Besides a criminal record, CIC lists a host of other situations that may prevent admission into Canada. While most of these shouldn't be an issue for the average traveller (e.g. previously deported, human rights violations, involvement with terrorism or organized crime), there are a few that do occasionally complicate or bar entry for visitors:

• Business travellers are required by law to present a letter of introduction on corporate letterhead to immigration on arrival. The letter must follow a standardized format specified by CIC and contain a statement of financial support. CBSA is very serious about this requirement and refusals for not having a letter are common.
• If visiting friends or family, you are not officially required to have a letter of introduction, although having something in writing (even an informal e-mail) from your host with their contact information is helpful, should immigration decide to verify your story.
• Tourists should be prepared to provide details about their itinerary - places of interest, hotels that will be stayed in, etc. Having this information (including addresses and phone numbers for hotels) printed out ahead of time is strongly advised.
• All visitors may be asked to show that they have confirmed travel arrangements for departing Canada, as well as "binding ties" to their country of origin or residence (such as a family, job or university studies to return to).
• It's possible to overcome a medical refusal by obtaining an exam from a nominated physician and have them certify that you will not burden the healthcare system. If this applies to you, the immigration officer will give you the required paperwork along with further instructions.
• Obtaining medical insurance that will cover you in Canada, while good advice for all, may especially help in borderline cases.
• For Western tourists, a valid major credit card (not a debit, ATM, or bank card - which may not even work in Canada) usually satisfies this requirement.
• If you do not have a credit card, a recent bank statement or pay-stub is also acceptable.
• have health, financial, or credit problems - your admissibility is unaffected.
• have a criminal record - you may be found inadmissible, although in practice this almost never happens unless your relative's crime made national news headlines.
• are a human rights violator or a known member of an organized crime, terrorist, or hate group - you're inadmissible, call a lawyer.

As a general rule, admissibility and rehabilitation decisions cannot be appealed beyond a supervisory review at the visa office or border. The only exception is if you can prove the decision was based on wrong information (for example you were acquitted of a crime, but that fact was never properly recorded.) That being said, you are usually allowed to apply again once any specific issues relating to a refusal have been corrected, once the requisite time has passed for rehabilitation, or one year after being denied rehabilitation.

Exception for British Citizens [ edit ]

Citizens of the United Kingdom who have convictions considered "spent" under the 1974 Rehabilitation of Offenders Act do not have to apply for "rehabilitation", as they are automatically pardoned under the 1991 Federal Court of Appeals case [dead link] Canada (Minister of Employment and Immigration) v. Burgon, [1991] due to the similarity of the two countries' legal systems. Guidance issued to border officers in the ENF14 /OP 19 Criminal Rehabilitation Manual specifies: "the UK Rehabilitation of Offenders Act automatically pardons eligible individuals without the person having to apply [for Rehabilitation], if the person has been sentenced to a term of imprisonment of less than 30 months" . However, some exceptions to this rule have been witnessed.

Chile [ edit ]

No questions related to criminal history in the visa application .

Cuba [ edit ]

Nationals of a few countries get in visa-free, but almost everyone else can enter on a tourist card [dead link] (effectively a simple visa) where you're asked about little more than your name, birth date and passport data.

Dominican Republic [ edit ]

A considerable number of nationalities including virtually all first world and Western Hemisphere countries can get in visa free (purchase of tourist card is needed). Visa applications [dead link] have no questions related to criminal history.

Mexico [ edit ]

There aren't any questions about a criminal record in the Mexican visa application , nor in the FMM (arrival card).

If your passport reveals a criminal record when scanned, however, you may be denied entrance to the country.

Peru [ edit ]

In general, visitors from the Americas, Europe, Oceania and some Asian countries get in without a visa. On the migration card there aren't any questions related to criminal history, neither is there on the visa form .

United States [ edit ]

The United States of America is generally very strict with criminal records, no matter how minor or how long ago it has been. They do not have any concept of "spent" or "pardoned" convictions, meaning you must truthfully answer any questions about criminal convictions even if your convictions have been spent or pardoned in your country. For citizens of any country who are eligible for the Visa Waiver Program, being convicted of any crimes, having proceedings pending, or even a previously refused visa makes you ineligible for the visa waiver program! Similarly, Canadian and Bermudian citizens, who ordinarily do not require visas to enter the United States, may be refused entry on the grounds of previous criminal convictions.

There are numerous crimes that render you ineligible to enter the US. The two main categories are:

• crimes involving moral turpitude, and
• aggravated felonies.

There is only a loose definition of crimes involving moral turpitude, but generally, it includes crimes that make a person seem untrustworthy, such as fraud or rape, rather than "honest" crimes, like getting into a fistfight. The actual penalty for the conviction does not matter. If you declare a crime involving moral turpitude, then you will probably be deemed 'permanently ineligible to enter the USA'. It is possible to apply for a waiver of permanent ineligibility after a period of time.

Being convicted of an aggravated felony is even worse, though just like crimes involving moral turpitude, these also have a loose definition, therefore the offenses can change over time. This used to include murder and smuggling drugs or guns, and has since been expanded to include things like bribery, human trafficking, and kidnapping people for ransom. There is absolutely no relief, and anyone deported or excluded for this reason cannot enter the U.S. until all court-ordered punishment has been completed and an additional 15 years have elapsed.

Consular staff will interview you to determine the seriousness of your offense and evaluate evidence of rehabilitation. Once granted a waiver, you can obtain a visa (usually one year at first). As a holder of a waiver you can expect long delays in secondary processing at the U.S. border, even with a visa in your passport.

An exception to this is "purely political offenses." Since the U.S. has freedom of speech to criticize the government, people from other parts of the world are given a pass on this type of conviction. However, you must report all crimes on the visa forms, and note anything that wouldn't be a crime in the U.S.

Do not attempt to enter the US if you have been previously deported without a proper visa! Doing so is a felony under US law (8 U.S. Code § 1326), and is punishable by up to 2 years in prison, or, in certain circumstances, 20. Do not lie about your convictions when questioned, as chances are they will find out. The US conducts extensive security checks on all visa applicants.

Visa Office Advisory Opinions [ edit ]

US immigration law is extremely complex, and consular officials often issue decisions without time to fully consult the technical issues of a case , before pushing applicants to pursue a waiver. Although officials benefit from the "sovereignty" of not having their finding of the facts legally questioned, if you are denied a visa it is possible to seek a legal review of the decision if you believe the consular official misapplied the law. You or your attorney may request the US Visa Office in Washington study the case and issue an Advisory Opinion [dead link] on the inadmissibility finding. The results of the opinion are binding on the embassy or consulate receiving the advice, and are often shorter (6-8 weeks) than the waiver process (6-18 months) which may not be relevant.

Asia [ edit ]

Cambodia [ edit ].

Visitors from outside Southeast Asia will need a visa, though for almost everyone this is available on arrival. On the visa form there are no questions related to criminal history.

China [ edit ]

Article 21 of the Exit and Entry Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China denies Chinese visas to many kinds of aliens, and Article 25 of the same law bars many kinds of aliens from China, including those "(m)ay endanger China’s national security or interests, or disrupt social and public order, or engage in other illegal or criminal activities". Those who may be affected should consult the nearest Chinese consular offices before travelling.

Entry may also be denied even if the traveller is not prosecuted. This is the case when some Hong Kong travellers who were arrested for public order offences during the protests but not charged in court were denied entry and have their Home Return Permit revoked.

Transit passengers of many countries are allowed a few days in major cities, but other than that almost everyone needs a visa to enter China. In the visa form , you're asked about a criminal record in China or any other country, and you need to give details if you reply yes.

For a work visa, you will need to provide a criminal record check. A certificate from your local (e.g. county-level) jurisdiction will probably be sufficient, but will need to be notarized and apostilled; see Working in China for more.

Hong Kong [ edit ]

Unlike China, few nationalities need more than a passport and a filled in arrival card to get into Hong Kong, where you just need to fill in personal and passport data and where you will stay. Also the visa application has no questions on previous crimes.

There are also no provisions regarding criminal history in the Immigration Ordinance , though it seems that immigration officials have the sole discretion of approving or denying inbound travellers.

India [ edit ]

Virtually everyone needs a visa to enter India, to be applied for electronically. contains questions about previous crimes [dead link] .

Indonesia [ edit ]

Few nationalities need a visa to visit Indonesia, and the arrival card has reportedly been abolished too, so most visitors apparently don't need to declare anything about your past in writing.

Iran [ edit ]

Any arrests or convictions need to be declared and explained when applying for an Iranian visa .

Israel [ edit ]

Nationals of countries in the Americas, Europe and Oceania and a few others can enter visa-free. In the visa form you need to declare that you haven't committed any criminal offence.

Japan [ edit ]

Article 5(1)(iv) of the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act [dead link] prohibits any person who have been sentenced to imprisonment or imprisonment without work for 1 year or more, except for political crimes.

In the Japanese visa application there are several questions related to a criminal history; convictions of a crime in the first place, sentences to imprisonment of a year or more, deportation, drug offenses, prostitution and trafficking of people, in any country. If you can enter with just a passport, you will need to fill in a disembarkation card (like when arriving in many other countries) and there too you need to declare previous convictions.

Macau [ edit ]

Similar to next door Hong Kong, most visitor need a passport and a simple arrival card with things like name, passport number and address in Macau.

However, according to Law 16/2021 , non-local residents who have been sentenced to imprisonment in or outside Macau may be denied entry to Macau.

Malaysia [ edit ]

Having being sentenced to any jail term is one of the things that will get you labeled as a "prohibited person" per section 8 of the Immigration Act 1959/63 . Nevertheless, visitors are not asked about this in the visa application [dead link] , and most nationalities don't need a visa anyway. Disembarkation cards have been abolished.

Nepal [ edit ]

People of almost all nationalities need a visa, but can get it on arrival or online, no crime-related questions asked in the form [dead link] .

Philippines [ edit ]

Most nationalities can get enter the Philippines without a visa. Like most arrival cards, the Philippine doesn't have questions about criminal convictions, neither does the visa form .

However, section 29 of the Philippine Immigration Act prohibits "persons who have been convicted of a crime involving moral turpitude" from entering the Philippines.

Singapore [ edit ]

Like Hong Kong, almost everyone can get in without a visa. The Disembarkation/Embarkation Card visitors need to fill in doesn't have any questions about previous crimes.

However, section 8(3)(d) of the Immigration Act 1959 lists those that have been removed or convicted for a sentence of imprisonment as potential undesirable immigrants, and entry may be refused.

South Korea [ edit ]

Unlike China and Japan, the visa application includes no questions about criminal history. A considerable number of nationalities get in with just a passport and the arrival card doesn't have any such questions.

Taiwan [ edit ]

Article 18 of the Immigration Act allows the government of the Republic of China to bar aliens from Taiwan for not only criminal history anywhere but also for many other reasons, like serious diseases or the risk of endangering national interests, public security, public order. Please consult the nearest Taiwanese consular offices before travel. Trying to enter Taiwan with visa exemption or landing visas may result in being refused entry and asked to apply for advanced visa before reentering Taiwan, or even banned from Taiwan in the worst cases. Even if already admitted into Taiwan, being found indeed inadmissible risks deportation per Article 36 of the Immigration Act .

Thailand [ edit ]

Per the Immigration Act of Thailand B.E. 2522 (1979) , any jail term except for a petty offence, negligence or something excepted by Ministerial Regulations will disqualify you from entry. You don't have to declare this on the visa application form nor on the TM.6 arrival card .

United Arab Emirates [ edit ]

In the UAE visa application you need to declare your profession, and the biggest issue seems to be people coming in to work without a job permit. On the other hand, there aren't questions regarding crimes.

Vietnam [ edit ]

Generally a visa is needed to enter, but some Western European and most nearby countries can get in visa free. No questions about previous crimes in the visa form, except for business visas. .

Europe [ edit ]

Schengen area [ edit ].

The rules for the European Union , specifically the Schengen Area , regarding character concerns are relatively lax. Questions about criminal convictions are not asked when applying for a Schengen visitor/business visa and border agents (there are no landing cards for data entry) usually don't ask any questions about this either.

If any officials or forms ask you if you have a criminal history you still have to answer truthfully but, in general, if it's not more than 3 years of imprisonment, or crimes involving alien smuggling or drug offences that resulted in more than 2 years of imprisonment, then they will not refuse you entry or a visa on those grounds. Countries like Germany do have specific rules that state anyone convicted of an offence relating to public order with a sentence of more than 3 years, a drug offence with a sentence of more than 2 years, and any offence related to alien smuggling are subject to deportation. Like the UK, they are more concerned with offences committed in their country, rather than outside of the EU. Do not lie in any visa application or when answering questions to officials, because in Germany this lie will mean you can then be deported. Not all countries have the same rule regarding character concerns, so some EU countries may be more lax, however Germany is known to be a rather strict country so it is a good guideline on rules for the EU.

In Schengen visa applications , there doesn't seem to be a question about any criminal past. Nevertheless, this might come up in a visa interview, and the ETIAS [dead link] system which is going to be implemented early 2021 for visa-free visitors to the Schengen area (similar to for example the American ESTA) reportedly will include background checks with questions related to criminal records, deportations and such by Frontex .

Ireland [ edit ]

Citizens of most countries in Europe and the Americas and a few countries elsewhere in the Eastern Hemisphere can get in visa free. No crime-related questions in the visa form .

Russia [ edit ]

The shorter variant of the Russian visa application form [dead link] is applicable to most nationalities who need a visa, and there applicants are just asked about their planned trip, current employer and relatives in Russia. The more extensive form [dead link] is for UK, US, Canadian, Australian and Georgian citizens and there applicants have to report former arrests and convictions among others. According to the visa form replying in affirmative to such questions don't automatically mean you don't get a visa but you may have to go to the consulate for an interview.

Turkey [ edit ]

On the Turkish visa form there are no questions about criminal history, other than having being deported from Turkey. People that are deemed to pose a public order, security or health risk can be refused entry. [dead link]

Ukraine [ edit ]

Nationals of most first world countries (but not Australia and New Zealand), countries from the former CIS and some Latin American countries are allowed in visa-free, the rest need to apply for a visa (e-visa for most Latin American and many Asian countries). The visa form [dead link] doesn't include crime-related questions.

United Kingdom [ edit ]

Character requirements for the United Kingdom are considerably stricter than that of the Schengen area.

The United Kingdom has a concept of "spent" convictions - this act has recently been updated so check these: application forms [dead link] . Immigration officers wishing to exclude or remove someone on the basis of a criminal conviction must prove that the offence is not spent and therefore the person is not rehabilitated. A conviction is "spent" if more than 10 years has passed since imprisonment (if any) between 6 and 30 months. Any imprisonment over 30 months cannot ever be spent and therefore will always count against you. Imprisonment of less than 6 months or fines have an even shorter rehabilitation period (around 5 years or less).

The immigration officer wishing to deport you, or refuse entry on the basis of criminal conviction must prove that your convictions have not been "spent". The burden of proof is on them, not you, so if you were refused entry due to a criminal conviction chances are your offence is not spent. If the offence is spent, then you don't even have to tell them about it and they cannot use it against you even if they do know. For consecutive prison sentences the rehabilitation period would begin at the time you were last in prison, unless the sentence is over 30 months.

Oceania [ edit ]

Australia and new zealand [ edit ].

These countries are rather strict regarding character concerns but Australia specifically says "in the last 10 years" on entry literature since Commonwealth of Australia legislation specifically regards as "spent" [dead link] convictions that are more than 10 years old (you also should not have been sentenced to imprisonment for more than 30 months and you've not re-offended (even in a minor way) during the 10 year (5 years for juvenile offenders) waiting period and a statutory or regulatory exclusion does not apply. For an Australian work visa, you'll need to get a background check from every country you've lived in for 12 months or more during the past ten years.

While New Zealand does have a clean slate scheme, immigration is specifically excluded from the scheme. That means when applying for a visa or entering New Zealand, you must declare your full criminal record including all spent convictions. Character issues [dead link] can bar you from entering New Zealand. These include having ever being sentenced to a jail term of 5 years or more, or for 12 months or more during the last 10 years. You'll also be refused entry if you've been deported from any country or are deemed likely to commit crimes or otherwise pose a risk if you're let in.

There are already other concerns that are just as strict such as being deported from any country (New Zealand), health concerns like being HIV positive or even having cancer or diabetes, that can result in a visa being denied, entry refusal or deportation.

While citizens of Australia and New Zealand are generally free to travel to each other's countries and stay indefinitely with full-time employment rights, entry may still be denied on the basis of previous criminal convictions.

See also [ edit ]

• Border crossing
• Visa trouble

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Traveling Abroad With A Criminal Conviction

28 Apr Traveling Abroad With A Criminal Conviction

You’ve completed your period of supervised release, and your parole officer has just handed you a slip of paper along with your passport. It has been a hard road — from the arrest to all the pretrial activity, pleading and sentencing to the incarceration. Now here you are, several years older but still alive with a US passport in your hands. And you’d like nothing more than to celebrate your newfound freedom by taking a trip to a foreign country. This is especially important for many justice-impacted people who had to surrender their passports upon arrest and have had restrictions on their movement since that day, often even within the United States.

So, you go online, find a foreign destination you like and book plane tickets and a hotel room. The day arrives and you catch your flight to the foreign country of your choice. All seems good in the world, until you arrive at passport control in your destination. The officer takes your passport, examines it and then calls for a supervisor.

After a few anxious minutes, you hear the words everyone with a criminal conviction record dreads: “I’m sorry, we cannot admit you to our country because you have a criminal record. Please come with us so we can secure your luggage and get you on the next plane back to America. We apologize for the inconvenience. But our nation does not admit people who have a criminal conviction. You will have to pay for your return plane ticket.”

And that’s it. You have been refused entry on the basis of your conviction. Unfortunately, this story is a far too common one when it comes to traveling abroad with a criminal conviction.

The Origin Of The Problem Of Traveling Abroad With A Criminal Conviction

Before the terrorist attacks of 9/11 and the advent of criminal records availability on the Internet, the issue of crossing international borders as a justice-impacted person was largely theoretical. Unless there was an outstanding warrant for your arrest that had been filed with INTERPOL, it was highly unlikely that the folks at passport control at your foreign destination would even know that you were traveling abroad with a criminal conviction. The only time this might come up is if you decided to change your status in the country from tourist to nonresident alien or immigrant. This move would likely trigger the need for a criminal background check.

All of this changed with 9/11. Suddenly, the United States got serious about criminal background checks on foreign nationals entering the country. This was in conjunction with the increasing enforcement of the No Fly List, as well as the sharing of intelligence between the USA and a number of allies. And, as expected, many nations reciprocated by starting to look into the backgrounds of Americans entering their countries, often turning away many justice-impacted people who would have been able to enter without too much hassle just a few years earlier. As a result, there are now a number of countries that justice-impacted people will find it difficult to enter.

Nations That Can Be Off Limits To Americans With Criminal Justice Issues

Each nation has the absolute right to determine who can and cannot enter its country for any reason or no reason at all. However, most try not to limit entry since it is bad for business, both tourism and trade. As a result, most countries allow foreigners in as simple tourists with little or no hassle, as long as they aren’t a threat either to commit crimes, import drugs or stay there illegally. However, if you have a criminal conviction in your record, there are some countries that make traveling abroad difficult if not impossible.

Europe and the United Kingdom

The United Kingdom is one of the few European nations that restrict entry for justice-impacted individuals. In general, if you were convicted of a crime punishable by 23 months or more under British law or served more than 12 months in prison, you will likely be denied entry. While entry clearance officers at UK airports and other points of entry don’t have access to criminal records from foreign governments like the United States, it does seem like an unusually big risk to take, especially considering the cost of airfare to the UK and the length of flight.

Still, there are ways around this. If your sentence was less than 12 months long, then it will not be taken into consideration if five years have passed since your sentencing. Similarly, if you served four years or less, then the waiting period is ten years from the date of sentence. If you served longer than four years, then your only option is to apply for a standard visitor’s visa to the UK. While American citizens normally don’t have to apply for a visa to visit the UK as a tourist, those with convictions may have to take this step to ensure entry.

For the rest of Europe , you shouldn’t have any trouble gaining entry, especially for those nations that are members of the European Union and signatories to the Schengen Agreement, which created open borders across most of the continent. There are some small exceptions. Italy will allow entry, but requires that you obtain a dichiarazione di presenza (“declaration of presence”) upon arrival. Germany specifically excludes anyone with a conviction for crimes involving drugs or human trafficking. Also, Sweden requires that you obtain an entry visa before arrival.

Canada takes a similar approach to the UK. If you have a felony or misdemeanor conviction, then Canada can deny you entry. The Great White North is especially strict about driving while intoxicated. DWIs became an issue during the 2000 Presidential Campaign, since George W. Bush has an arrest record for DWI. However, Canada gave President Bush a special entry waiver. This allowed him to attend international conferences in Canada while serving as US President. In addition, Canada and the US share arrest information. So, the Canadians at the border entry post will get any criminal conviction records simply by checking your passport.

Still, Canada does provide some relief for justice-impacted individuals. If your crime is punishable by less than 10 years of incarceration under Canadian law, then you will be deemed rehabilitated under Canadian law with the passage of five or ten years, depending on the circumstances of your conviction. In addition, if you would like to visit Canada before then, you can apply for a Temporary Resident Permit. This will set you back several hundred dollars. But it is still less expensive than the amount you will pay on gas or airfare only to find out that you are not welcome in our northern neighbor.

Caribbean and the Americas

If you like sun and sand, then you will be happy to know that most Caribbean nations have no restrictions for justice-impacted people who have completed their sentence, including any period of community supervision, such as probation, parole or supervised release. The only exception is Jamaica, which specifically excludes anyone with a felony conviction. However, officials do not enforce this restriction if five years have passed since your date of last conviction.

The other nations of Central and South America have similar policies, allowing people in regardless of having a criminal conviction record. The only countries where this may prove a problem are Bolivia and Paraguay, which require that you obtain an entry visa before you arrive in the country. The issue may come up on the visa application. So, you should be aware ahead of time to have all of your documentation on your conviction and completion of any periods of incarceration and supervised release ready before applying.

Currently, none of the nations of Africa restrict entry for Americans with records of criminal conviction. Still, some African countries require Americans to obtain a visa before arrival. So, you should check on the embassy website for the country you plan to visit before you leave on your trip.

Some of the nations of Asia have the most restrictive entry criteria for visitors, even those planning to arrive as tourists. For example, Russia requires an entry visa and will bar entry on the basis of a felony conviction. The visa application includes a question about felony convictions. And Russia can and will punish visitors who have lied on their applications. The People’s Republic of China also follows the same procedure as Russia, barring entry to those who have a criminal conviction record.

Japan is a little more lenient than Russia or China. Like those countries, it asks if you have ever been convicted of a crime. But it will permit entry if you were sentenced to less than one year for a crime that doesn’t involve drugs. If you served longer than one year, you may need to contact the Japanese Consulate to get an entry visa waiver.

A similar situation exists with India, which does not specially exclude justice-impacted people. But India does require Americans to obtain an entry visa before arriving in the country.

Australia requires entrants to pass a character test. This denies entry to people who are determined to have a “substantial criminal record” under the test. Unfortunately, this has been defined as anyone who has ever been sentenced to at least 12 months in prison.

If this is the case, then you cannot apply for a standard Australian ETA visa. Instead, you may need to go through a more restrictive entry visa process. A great deal will depend on the amount of time that has passed since your conviction. The rule of thumb is usually at least 10 years. However, if your conviction involves drug trafficking, then you may be denied entry regardless of the amount of time that has passed since the date of your conviction.

Israel states quite clearly that its border control has the absolute authority to deny entry to anyone convicted of a crime in any country, as well as anyone who is a suspect or accused of committing a crime, and those whom border control thinks will endanger public safety. However, the Israeli border authority has limited access to public arrest and conviction records from other countries. As a practical matter, the main concern of Israel is terrorism. So, anyone on a No Fly List or who has an open warrant with INTERPOL will be denied entry.

I recently returned from a vacation in Israel, and noticed that they do have a little quirk in their system. Unlike other countries that stamp your passport upon entry, Israel issues a temporary visa card for tourists with a clear statement that the entrant may not work. It gives you three months to stay in the country. This is a little slip of paper that you must keep with your passport at all times. The reason why Israel doesn’t stamp passports goes back to the illegal boycott of the Jewish State instituted by the Arab League in 1948. Historically, holders of passports with Israeli entry stamps can run into problems entering countries that participate in the boycott. So, by giving a slip of paper instead, there is no record of the passport holder ever entering Israel.

Welcome to the World!

As you can see, having a criminal conviction record can keep you from traveling abroad to a number of countries. Entry into the UK, Canada, Australia, Jamaica, Japan and Israel is not guaranteed. Yet there are steps you can take to visit these nations as a tourist. It may just entail a little more legwork, and an additional cost or expense. Other countries like China and Russia may be more difficult; although, in the case of Russia, entry right now is restricted because of the ongoing war in Ukraine. Unfortunately, the record of a criminal conviction can continue to have an impact on your life long after you have paid your debt to society, including the ability to freely travel around the world.

Can I travel overseas with a criminal conviction?

Navigating the legal landscape can be complex, especially considering how a criminal conviction might impact your future endeavours, such as overseas travel. For many, travelling abroad is not just for leisure; it might be a business necessity or a long-awaited visit to family. Whatever the reason, understanding how your criminal record can affect your travel rights is essential. Criminal lawyers in Melbourne are available for consultation if you need more information.  

Impact of a Criminal Conviction on Passport Rights

First and foremost, having a criminal conviction does not automatically disqualify you from travelling overseas. 

Destination Country’s Entry Requirements

Every country has distinct immigration rules and policies regarding admitting foreign travellers with criminal convictions. While some countries may exhibit leniency, others have rigorous standards that can seem daunting. Here's a more in-depth look at some prominent destinations:

• United States: The U.S. has an intricate system. Even offences perceived as minor could render a person inadmissible. However, it doesn't mean entry is impossible. Applying for a visa or a waiver, such as the U.S. Waiver of Ineligibility, can provide a pathway into the country. But remember, even if granted a visa, the final admission decision lies with the border patrol agents.
• Canada: Canada evaluates foreign convictions against its criminal code. A minor offence in Australia might equate to a serious crime in Canada, making entry challenging. However, Canada offers a "rehabilitation" process, where one can demonstrate their reformed behaviour over time to improve chances of admission.
• United Kingdom: The UK focuses more on the sentence's duration than the crime's specific nature. Convictions with sentences lasting up to 12 months may see entry restrictions for up to 5 years. More extended sentences can lead to longer or even permanent bans. However, the UK has provisions for "spent" convictions, which are no longer part of a person's record after rehabilitation.
• European Schengen Zone: The Schengen Zone comprises 26 European countries with a unified visa policy. While there isn't a unified approach to criminal convictions, most member countries will consider the severity and recency of the crime. It's advisable to check with individual nations within the zone for more specific guidelines.
• New Zealand: Our neighbouring country evaluates entry based on character requirements. If you've been sentenced to prison for over five years, you're unlikely to be granted a visa at any point. For lesser sentences, there is a stand-down period after which you can apply.
• United Arab Emirates: The UAE has stringent policies; even minor offences can lead to entry denial. The country does not have a formal rehabilitation or waiver program, making it crucial to consider seeking legal advice before travel.

Understanding each country's requirements may seem overwhelming, especially when planning a multi-destination trip. Research well in advance and, if necessary, contact the respective country's embassy. Consult an expert criminal lawyer for further clarity. 

Disclosing Your Conviction

Honesty is the best policy when it comes to visa applications or entry forms. If a question asks about convictions, failing to declare them can lead to more severe consequences than the original offence. This might include deportation, being barred from future entry, or even facing new legal charges in a foreign country.

Seeking Legal Advice Before Travel

Navigating the complexities of international travel with a criminal conviction requires precision, understanding, and expertise. Opting for professional guidance, like criminal lawyers, might be the difference between a successful trip and a disappointing denial at the border. Here's why seeking legal advice is crucial:

• Expert Interpretation: Criminal lawyers possess the expertise to decipher how your specific conviction might impact travel. Every conviction has nuances, and an experienced lawyer can clarify what it means in the context of international travel.
• Disclosure Strategies: Determining when and how to declare your past offences can be a delicate balance. Failing to disclose when necessary can result in dire consequences, while unnecessary disclosure might lead to unwarranted scrutiny. Lawyers can guide you in striking the right balance.
• Understanding Potential Risks: A comprehensive legal consultation can illuminate potential challenges you face. This includes understanding possible restrictions, the nuances of bilateral agreements, and the temperament of immigration authorities of specific countries.

In essence, while it's entirely possible to travel without consulting a legal expert, having the guidance of criminal lawyers ensures you're not walking into potential international complications blindfolded. Their expertise can provide peace of mind, allowing you to focus on the purpose of your journey, be it leisure, business, or reconnecting with loved ones.

Navigate Overseas Travel with the Help of Melbourne Criminal Lawyers

A criminal conviction doesn't necessarily close all doors to international travel. However, it's essential to understand the rules for Australia and the destination country. Preparation, honesty, and seeking expert advice from criminal lawyers in Melbourne can assist you in making your overseas travel aspirations a reality.

© 2023 Copyright Stary Norton Halphen.

Doyle's Guide First Tier Criminal Law firm (2020, 2021 and 2022).

Understanding Travel Restrictions For Individuals With Criminal Convictions

• Last updated Aug 25, 2023
• Difficulty Advanced

• Category United States

Have you ever wondered about the consequences of a criminal conviction on your ability to travel? Well, here's an eye-opening fact - depending on the nature of the crime committed, you may encounter serious travel restrictions. Yes, that's right. Criminal convictions can have long-lasting effects that go beyond the courtroom, impacting your freedom to explore the world. So, before you pack your bags and embark on your next adventure, let's delve into the intriguing world of criminal conviction travel restrictions and discover how they can shape your journeys.

What You'll Learn

What are criminal conviction travel restrictions, which countries have the strictest criminal conviction travel restrictions, how do criminal conviction travel restrictions impact individuals with a criminal record, are criminal conviction travel restrictions permanent or do they have an expiration date, can individuals with criminal convictions apply for travel waivers to bypass these restrictions.

Criminal Conviction Travel Restrictions: What You Need to Know

Traveling the world is a dream for many individuals. Exploring new cultures, experiencing exotic foods, and witnessing breathtaking sights can be life-changing. However, for those with a criminal conviction, these travel opportunities may be limited. Criminal conviction travel restrictions are in place to ensure the safety and security of various countries.

Criminal conviction travel restrictions refer to limitations imposed on individuals with a criminal record when it comes to traveling internationally. These restrictions can vary from one country to another and can depend on the severity of the offense and the type of conviction.

The purpose of these restrictions is to protect the interests of the country being visited. Governments want to ensure that travelers do not pose a risk to public safety, national security, or social order. By implementing these restrictions, countries can regulate the flow of visitors and maintain their own set of standards and laws.

Types of criminal convictions that may impact travel

While the specific restrictions can vary, there are certain types of criminal convictions that commonly impact an individual's ability to travel internationally. These may include:

• Felonies: Felony convictions, which generally involve serious offenses such as murder, rape, or drug trafficking, can lead to travel restrictions. Many countries are more cautious about granting entry to individuals with felony convictions due to the potential risks associated with their past actions.
• Drug-related offenses: Countries with strict drug policies may deny entry to individuals with drug-related convictions. Possession, distribution, trafficking, or any involvement in illicit drug activities can lead to travel restrictions.
• Terrorism-related offenses: Individuals with terrorism-related convictions may face severe travel restrictions or be barred from entering certain countries altogether. Governments are particularly cautious about ensuring the safety of their citizens and preventing potential security threats.
• Sex offenses: Convictions related to sexual offenses, such as child abuse, sexual assault, or child pornography, can lead to travel restrictions. Countries may view such individuals as potential risks to public safety, especially when it comes to the protection of children.

How travel restrictions are enforced

Travel restrictions can be enforced through various means. One common method is through the visa application process. When applying for a visa, individuals are often required to disclose any criminal convictions. The immigration authorities then review the application and make a decision based on the applicant's criminal history.

Additionally, countries have access to international databases that contain information about criminal convictions. These databases enable authorities to check an individual's criminal record during the immigration process, even if the applicant fails to disclose their convictions.

Consequences of travel restrictions

Failure to comply with travel restrictions can have serious consequences. Individuals who attempt to enter a country despite having a criminal conviction that renders them ineligible for entry may be denied entry at the border. In some cases, they may be detained, deported, or even face legal prosecution.

Furthermore, if individuals provide false information or omit their criminal history on visa applications, they may be subject to further negative consequences. Providing false information on immigration documents is considered a serious offense and can lead to permanent bans on future travel to that country.

Criminal conviction travel restrictions are put in place to protect the interests and safety of various countries. If you have a criminal record, it is essential to understand the restrictions that may apply to you before planning any international travel. Consulting with legal professionals or immigration authorities can help provide guidance and clarity on your individual situation. By following the rules and regulations of each country, you can ensure a smoother travel experience and avoid unnecessary complications during your journey.

Travel Restrictions Between Brazil and Germany: What You Need to Know

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When it comes to travel restrictions for individuals with criminal convictions, different countries have different laws and policies in place. Some countries are known for having particularly strict restrictions, often prohibiting entry to individuals with certain types of criminal convictions.

One country that is well-known for its strict criminal conviction travel restrictions is the United States. The U.S. has one of the most extensive databases of criminal records in the world, and individuals with certain convictions may be deemed inadmissible and prohibited from entering the country. Crimes such as drug trafficking, murder, and sexual offenses can result in a lifetime ban from entering the U.S. In addition, even minor offenses such as driving under the influence (DUI) can lead to temporary or permanent inadmissibility.

Another country with strict criminal conviction travel restrictions is Canada. Canada, like the U.S., has a comprehensive criminal record database and may deny entry to individuals with certain convictions. Offenses such as drug trafficking, violent crimes, and offenses involving serious physical harm to another person can make a person inadmissible to Canada. Canada also takes DUI offenses seriously and individuals with a DUI conviction may be denied entry, especially if the offense occurred within the last 10 years.

Australia is another country with stringent criminal conviction travel restrictions. The Australian government has a character test in place for individuals applying for visas or seeking entry into the country. Crimes such as murder, sexual offenses, and offenses involving children can result in a person failing the character test and being denied a visa or entry into the country. Similar to the U.S. and Canada, DUI offenses can also affect a person's ability to enter Australia.

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is known for its strict criminal conviction travel restrictions as well. The UAE has a zero-tolerance policy for certain offenses, including drug offenses, sexual offenses, and offenses related to terrorism. Individuals with convictions for these offenses are likely to be denied entry into the UAE and may face serious consequences if found in possession of illegal substances or engaged in criminal activities.

It is important to note that travel restrictions for individuals with criminal convictions can vary and change over time. It is always advisable for individuals with criminal records to consult with the embassy or consulate of their destination country to determine if they will be allowed entry. In some cases, individuals may be able to apply for a waiver or special permission to enter despite their criminal conviction, but this process can be complex and time-consuming.

In conclusion, several countries have strict criminal conviction travel restrictions in place. The United States, Canada, Australia, and the United Arab Emirates are examples of countries with stringent entry requirements for individuals with criminal records. It is crucial for individuals with criminal convictions to thoroughly research the travel restrictions of their desired destination country to avoid any potential issues or legal consequences.

Understanding California Travel Restrictions: What You Need to Know

Criminal convictions can have lasting impacts on individuals, even after they have served their time or completed their sentence. One area where these impacts can be felt is in the restriction of travel. Many countries have strict travel regulations for individuals with a criminal record, making it difficult or even impossible for them to travel freely.

One of the most common travel restrictions for individuals with a criminal record is the denial of entry into certain countries. Many countries have a policy of excluding individuals with certain types of criminal convictions, such as drug offenses, violent crimes, or crimes involving moral turpitude. These restrictions can prevent individuals from traveling for leisure, business, or even family visits. In some cases, individuals may be denied entry at the airport or border, forcing them to return to their home country immediately.

Even for individuals who are not denied entry, having a criminal record can complicate the process of obtaining travel visas. Many countries require individuals to disclose their criminal history when applying for a visa, and a criminal record can significantly lower the chances of being approved. In some cases, individuals may be required to provide additional documentation or undergo a more rigorous application process, which can be time-consuming and costly.

Even when individuals are able to obtain a travel visa, they may still face additional scrutiny and restrictions while traveling. Some countries require individuals with a criminal record to report to local authorities upon arrival, provide proof of accommodations, or adhere to strict travel itineraries. These additional requirements can add stress and inconvenience to travel plans and may limit the individual's ability to explore freely.

The impact of travel restrictions on individuals with a criminal record can be significant. Being unable to travel freely can limit job opportunities, hinder personal relationships, and prevent individuals from experiencing new cultures and expanding their horizons. It can also be a constant reminder of their past mistakes and make it more difficult for individuals to move on and reintegrate into society.

It's important to note that travel restrictions for individuals with a criminal record vary from country to country and can change over time. Some countries may have more relaxed policies, while others have stricter regulations. It is recommended for individuals with a criminal record who are interested in traveling to thoroughly research the entry requirements and visa regulations of their desired destination before making any travel plans.

In conclusion, criminal conviction travel restrictions can have a significant impact on individuals with a criminal record. These restrictions can range from the denial of entry into certain countries to additional scrutiny and requirements while traveling. It's important for individuals with a criminal record to understand and navigate these restrictions to minimize the impact on their personal and professional lives.

Investigating the Secrets of Antarctica: Are Travel Restrictions Covering Up a Global Conspiracy?

When someone is convicted of a crime, whether it be a misdemeanor or a felony, there are often several consequences that they must face as a result of their actions. One of these consequences can be travel restrictions. Travel restrictions can prevent someone from leaving the country or even entering certain areas, depending on the severity of the crime.

So, are these travel restrictions permanent or do they have an expiration date?

The answer to this question is not simple and can vary depending on the individual's specific circumstances and the laws of the country they are in. In some cases, travel restrictions may be temporary and have an expiration date, while in other cases they may be permanent.

Temporary travel restrictions typically occur when someone is serving a sentence for a crime. This can include time spent in jail, probation, or community service. During this time, the person may be prohibited from leaving the country or certain areas as a condition of their sentence. Once their sentence is complete, these restrictions are often lifted.

However, there are cases where travel restrictions can be permanent. This is typically seen in more severe criminal cases, such as those involving terrorism, drug trafficking, or organized crime. In these situations, the government may decide that it is in the best interest of public safety to permanently restrict the individual's ability to travel.

Additionally, certain countries have specific laws and regulations regarding travel restrictions for individuals with criminal convictions. For example, the United States has strict rules regarding entry for individuals with certain criminal records. The US Immigration and Nationality Act provides a list of criminal offenses that can render someone inadmissible to the country, including drug trafficking, murder, and fraud. In these cases, the travel restrictions may be permanent and not subject to expiration.

It is important to note that the severity of the crime can play a significant role in determining whether travel restrictions are temporary or permanent. Less serious crimes, such as minor traffic violations or non-violent offenses, are less likely to result in permanent travel restrictions.

In conclusion, whether criminal conviction travel restrictions are permanent or have an expiration date can depend on various factors, including the severity of the crime, the country's laws, and the individual's specific circumstances. Temporary restrictions are more common during the period of a sentence, while permanent restrictions are typically reserved for more severe criminal cases. It is always important to consult with a legal professional to understand the specific travel restrictions that may apply in a particular case.

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Individuals with criminal convictions may face restrictions when it comes to international travel. Many countries have strict immigration policies that may prevent those with criminal records from entering their borders. However, in some cases, individuals with criminal convictions can apply for travel waivers to bypass these restrictions.

A travel waiver, also known as a visa waiver or a criminal rehabilitation waiver, is a special permission granted by a country to allow an individual with a criminal record to travel to that country. The purpose of these waivers is to evaluate the individual's circumstances, rehabilitation efforts, and determine if they pose a risk to the country's safety and security.

The process of applying for a travel waiver varies between countries. Generally, individuals are required to submit a detailed application explaining the nature of their offense, providing evidence of rehabilitation efforts, and demonstrating that they pose no risk to the country they wish to travel to. This may include character references, documentation of community service, employment history, and any other relevant information that supports their case.

It is important to note that not all countries offer travel waivers, and the eligibility criteria may vary. Each country has its own immigration policies and may consider different factors when evaluating an application for a travel waiver. For example, some countries may grant waivers for certain types of offenses but not for others. Additionally, the length of time that has passed since the conviction, the severity of the offense, and the individual's criminal history may all be taken into consideration.

Some countries may require individuals to undergo a background check or provide additional documentation such as a police certificate from their home country. It is important to thoroughly research the specific requirements and processes for each country to ensure a successful application for a travel waiver.

Moreover, it is crucial to consult with an immigration lawyer or seek professional advice when applying for a travel waiver. These experts can provide guidance on the application process, review supporting documents, and increase the chances of a successful outcome.

While travel waivers can provide a pathway for individuals with criminal convictions to travel internationally, it is important to note that they are not guaranteed. Each country has the right to deny an application if they deem the individual's criminal history to be a risk to their safety and security. It is also worth noting that some countries may impose additional conditions on the individual's travel, such as requiring them to report regularly to local authorities or limiting the duration of their stay.

In conclusion, individuals with criminal convictions can apply for travel waivers in certain circumstances to bypass restrictions on international travel. However, the availability and eligibility criteria for travel waivers vary between countries. It is essential to research and understand the specific requirements of each country and seek professional advice to increase the chances of a successful application.

Understanding Air Travel Restrictions: Can You Bring Lithium Batteries in Your Cordless Screwdriver?

Frequently asked questions.

It depends on the country you are planning to visit. Some countries have strict entry restrictions for individuals with criminal convictions, while others are more lenient. It is advisable to research the specific entry requirements of the country you wish to travel to or consult with the embassy or consulate for accurate information.

The types of criminal convictions that can restrict international travel vary from country to country. However, serious offenses such as drug trafficking, terrorism, or crimes against minors may lead to more widespread travel restrictions. It is crucial to understand that even minor offenses can sometimes create issues when traveling to certain countries, so it is best to research the entry requirements beforehand.

To find out if your criminal conviction will restrict your travel plans, it is recommended to contact the embassy or consulate of the country you intend to visit. They can provide you with accurate information regarding their entry requirements and any potential restrictions for individuals with criminal convictions.

Whether you can apply for a visa with a criminal conviction depends on the specific country and their visa policies. Some countries have a blanket ban on issuing visas to individuals with certain convictions, while others may consider each case individually. It is important to disclose your criminal conviction accurately on visa applications, as providing false information can have serious consequences.

In some cases, it is possible to have travel restrictions lifted or reduced. This typically involves going through a legal process, such as applying for a pardon or expungement of your criminal record. However, the availability and success of these options will vary depending on the jurisdiction and the nature of the conviction. It is advisable to consult with a legal professional to explore potential avenues for having your travel restrictions lifted.

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Whether a conviction involves a minor offense or something more serious, such as a felony, a criminal record will follow a person throughout their life, making it difficult to get back to experiencing normal activities such as traveling. Depending on the type of criminal record and the country being traveled to, a person may even be denied entry into another nation. Therefore, it’s essential to be aware of what situations may be faced when traveling with a criminal record. 

Traveling to Other Countries 

It’s necessary to know that criminal records can cross international borders and affect entry into one’s destination country. Every country can grant or deny access regardless of a person’s records. Whether or not a person will have an issue when traveling with a criminal record will depend on the destination and the severity of the crime committed. 

The first thing to consider when traveling is the destination country itself. The ease of coming and going depends on that country’s laws. Some countries will be easy to travel to with a criminal record, while others will be nearly impossible to enter. For instance, Mexico will rarely check an American’s background before entry, while getting into Canada with one will be difficult for those convicted of a crime. 

Canada 

Whether flying or driving over the U.S.-Canada border, entry can be denied to any person with any conviction. Even minor offenses, such as DUIs, reckless driving, petty theft, and drug possession, could cause the convicted to be denied entry into the country. 

Furthermore, the United States and Canada share criminal conviction information. The person may be denied entry if law enforcement at the border finds a conviction after conducting a background check. When traveling with a criminal record to a country with strict restrictions, such as Canada, it’s recommended that an attorney is contacted to explore all possible options, including the expungement of criminal records. 

Europe and the United Kingdom

The ability to travel to Europe with a criminal record will depend on which country is visited. Generally, criminal conviction background checks are not carried out at European borders. Being honest if and when asked about criminal convictions is always advisable.

The United Kingdom (UK), however, is one of the few European nations that will restrict entry for those with criminal records. If a crime was committed and punishment amounted to incarceration for 12 months or more, the UK will likely deny entry to that person. 

Most Caribbean nations, excluding Jamaica, will not limit entry for those with criminal records. But Jamaica will not allow those with a felony conviction to enter their country. Given the differing treatment, it’s best to research a destination’s country-specific laws and regulations before traveling there. 

What Is an Expungement? 

An expungement allows people to clear certain criminal records from their history, essentially making it like the crime has never occurred. Expungements benefit those seeking job employment, applying for a loan, or looking for housing.

Expungements can also be beneficial for those with criminal records traveling abroad. Depending on the country being traveled to, an expungement may make it easier to cross an international border or go through security checkpoints. 

Benefits of Seeking an Expungement for Travel

Because an expungement makes it as though the crime never occurred, seeking one is a great first step for those looking to travel outside the country with a criminal record.  The laws surrounding traveling with a criminal record will depend on the country. An expungement doesn’t always guarantee entry into the desired country. However, taking the legal steps to expunge a criminal record will decrease the likelihood of the country seeing the records and causing inconvenience.

Obtaining a Passport with a Criminal Record 

A criminal conviction usually holds no weight over whether or not someone can get a passport in the United States. However, anyone can be denied one for: 

• Possessing a fake passport
• Owing over $5,000 in child support payments
• Being on probation
• Having a warrant out for their arrest
• Being considered a flight risk if they are awaiting trial
• Being currently incarcerated 

How Can an Attorney Help?

Losing your right to travel due to your past can be devastating. However, you do have options that can make travel possible again, helping to put the past behind you. If you or a loved one need assistance on how to travel with a criminal record, the team at Rosenblum Law can help. Our attorneys specializing in criminal defense and the expungement process have extensive experience assisting those with criminal records to return to living a normal life. We will take the time to listen to your unique situation and provide the best options and advice available. Email us or contact us today at 888-815-3649 for an initial consultation. 

How do I know which countries I can and can’t travel to if I have a criminal record?

• Each country has the absolute right to deny or grant access to anyone attempting to cross its borders. For those looking to travel abroad with a criminal record, it is recommended that you research the destination country’s set of laws and the type of offenses that will prohibit entry. 

Can I get a passport with a criminal record?

• For the most part, having a criminal record will not hold you back from applying for a passport in the United States. However, the State Department must deny an application for a passport if the criminal offense is a drug-related felony involving drug transportation over borders. 

Can an expungement help me travel abroad? 

• Because the ability to travel abroad depends on the country of destination, an expungement doesn’t guarantee entry. However, an expungement can make the travel process more effortless. 

Should I disclose expunged records during the Global Entry application process?

• Even if a record has been expunged, you should always disclose criminal records. Government agencies, such as the Transportation Security Administration (TSA), Department of Homeland Security (DHS), the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), will most likely still be able to see your expunged records and will know about your offense whether you decide to disclose it or not. 

About The Author

Adam is the founding attorney and principal of Rosenblum Law. With more than two decades of legal experience in numerous areas of law practice, his primary focus is law firm management and business development.

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How to Cite Rosenblum Law’s Article

Adam H. Rosenblum (Mar 29, 2021). North Carolina Must Seek Bolder Expungement Reforms to Reduce Recidivism. Rosenblum Law Firm, https://rosenblumlaw.com/north-carolina-must-seek-bolder-expungement-reforms-to-reduce-recidivism/

Adam H. Rosenblum "North Carolina Must Seek Bolder Expungement Reforms to Reduce Recidivism". Rosenblum Law Firm, Mar 29, 2021. https://rosenblumlaw.com/north-carolina-must-seek-bolder-expungement-reforms-to-reduce-recidivism/

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International traveling with a criminal record

Whether it is for business or for pleasure, people travel for many different reasons. While traveling internationally is often a positive and relatively pain-free experience, it can be hindered by some things and even prevented altogether by others. One of the primary issues that has the potential to prevent international travel is a criminal history.

Even though there are many criminal convictions that will have no impact whatsoever on an individual’s ability to leave the country or to enter another, there are certain convictions that may limit a person’s opportunities to travel and there are some that may prevent certain types of travel.

What types of criminal convictions can prevent international travel?

Americans generally do not have to concern themselves with their ability to travel around the world, but being convicted of some felonies will prevent travel. Perhaps the most common cause of a felon being barred from leaving the country is because the crime they were convicted of involved international travel.

For example, if a person was convicted of illegally trafficking drugs across an international border, that may be enough reason for the government to prevent them from crossing the border again. However, a more common issue preventing international travel is simply a person’s ability to get a passport.

What can legally prevent a person from getting a passport?

Many felons have trouble obtaining a passport, but this does not mean it is impossible for them to do so. Some things that could prevent them from getting a passport include:

· Being considered a flight risk if they are awaiting trial

· Owing more than $5,000 in child support payments

· Possessing a fake passport

· Having a warrant out for their arrest

· Being on probation

This is not an exhaustive list of things that could prevent international travel. Additionally, there are some nations, like Canada, that will not let some people enter the country if they have a significant criminal record. Canada also has access to the American criminal database, so they can check to see if a person who wants to cross has a criminal record.

If you have a criminal record and you are not sure if it will prevent you from traveling abroad, it is best to check with the United States embassy in the country to which you want to go. They will be able to provide you with current travel restrictions.

If you have questions regarding the legality of your criminal charges or their effect on your ability to travel freely, it is suggested that you obtain the services of an experienced and knowledgeable legal professional.

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Can a criminal conviction restrict my travel? Here’s what you should know

This article will provide an overview of how a criminal conviction can restrict travel and what steps you should take if you plan a trip overseas.

Traveling can be a great way to explore the world and experience different cultures, but it can also present some unique challenges for those with criminal convictions. Depending on the severity of your conviction, you may be unable to travel outside your home country or even within your own state. To avoid potential issues when traveling abroad, it is important to understand what restrictions may apply based on your criminal history. This article will provide an overview of how a criminal conviction can restrict travel and what steps you should take if you plan a trip overseas.

1. Travel warnings In some cases, the government may issue travel warnings regarding certain countries or regions due to an increased risk of violence or other safety concerns. Those with a criminal record should take extra precautions when traveling to such areas and ensure they are aware of any potential risks before planning to visit them.

Having a criminal conviction does not necessarily mean that travel is off-limits. Still, it is crucial to understand the laws and regulations of the countries you are considering visiting beforehand. A criminal defense attorney at Buda Law can help you better understand what restrictions may apply based on your criminal history so you can plan appropriately for any potential travels. Additionally, they can advise you as to whether it is worth getting a pardon or other relief to lessen the restrictions on your travel.

2. Visa restrictions The most common issue associated with having a criminal record and applying for visas is that many countries have specific laws regarding who they will or will not allow into their country. In some cases, those with a conviction may be denied entry simply because of the nature of the crime or if there was an element of fraud involved.

Even if you are allowed entry into another country, there could still be limits placed on how long you are allowed to stay and where you can go while visiting. It’s also important to note that some countries require visitors with convictions to disclose this information upon arrival at customs or immigration checkpoints, so they should always be prepared for this eventuality.

3. Immigration laws Immigration laws vary from country to country and can be especially restrictive for those with criminal records. As such, it is vital to understand the policies of any potential countries you consider visiting before making travel plans.

Additionally, many countries require visitors to have a valid passport to gain entry into the nation. You may be denied access to certain countries even with a valid passport if you have a criminal record. In such cases, it is best to contact the country’s embassy or consulate and inquire about their specific requirements for individuals with criminal convictions.

4. Domestic travel In addition to international travel restrictions, a criminal conviction can also impact domestic travel within the United States. Many states restrict felons from entering the country or traveling between certain counties and cities. Therefore, if you are planning a road trip across state lines or flying domestically, you must check whether there are any restrictions for your particular criminal record.

Many countries have agreements and treaties with one another that may restrict travel between them based on a criminal conviction, so it is essential to familiarize yourself with these laws before making any plans to visit a foreign country.

5. U.S. Customs and Border Protection The U.S. Customs and Border Protection agency ensures that foreign nationals gain entry into the United States per its laws and regulations. As such, individuals with criminal records may be denied access to this country if their conviction meets certain criteria or if their behavior presents a potential risk to citizens of the United States.

It is important to note that even if an individual’s criminal conviction does not qualify for denial of entry into this country, the CBP may still impose additional requirements, such as enhanced screening or providing evidence of rehabilitation, before allowing them through customs.

6. Traveling within your home country In the U.S., each state can set its laws regarding who is allowed to travel within its borders and which types of convictions they consider disqualifying. It’s essential to be aware that if your conviction is considered a felony in one state, it may be considered a misdemeanor in another, which could also impact your ability to travel within the U.S.

Therefore, if you plan to make any domestic trips soon, then it’s essential to research your destination state’s laws regarding criminal convictions before making any plans. Additionally, some states may allow felons who have completed their sentence and undergone rehabilitation programs or community service to apply for a waiver to lift travel restrictions.

In conclusion, understanding the laws and regulations that may restrict your ability to travel domestically and abroad is essential before making any plans. Whether traveling within your home country or abroad, familiarizing yourself with these rules can help ensure a safe and enjoyable experience.

Photo by Mohamed Hassan on Pixabay

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Traveling Overseas with Criminal Convictions

by Todd Becraft | Mar 28, 2023 | IMMIGRATION LAW

The grounds of inadmissibility – basically not allowed into the United States – come up when a green card holder travels back to the United States. The criminal grounds of inadmissibility include:

Conviction or admission of a crime involving moral turpitude. A crime of moral turpitude is an old-fashioned way of saying a crime that is “immoral.” Conviction for a controlled substance (drug) violation or just admitting that you broke controlled substance laws.

Conviction of multiple crimes

In addition, there are several other criminal related grounds of inadmissibility.

It’s best to assume that the list of crimes involving moral turpitude is very long. Crimes that are immoral basically include almost every crime. Crimes that involve a fraud element, theft offenses, sex offenses, or involve the infliction of serious bodily injury are generally classified as crimes involving moral turpitude. A conviction for one of these crimes can have serious immigration consequences. Even the smallest misdemeanor will be a problem if you have more than one.

How can you tell if any of your criminal convictions are going to be a problem when you travel? Because of the variables in this area of law, you should always consult with an immigration lawyer on this issue. There is no way to accurately know what trouble you may have without reviewing the criminal statute involved, the your criminal file and the facts of your case.

It is important to remember that the convictions that prevent you from entering the United States are different than the crimes that make you deportable. For example, to be deportable on the basis of a single crime of moral turpitude, the crime must have been committed within five years of getting your green card. A single crime of moral turpitude may make you inadmissible regardless of when the crime was committed. As a result, it is possible for a permanent resident to be inadmissible but not deportable. This is important because you may be safe from deportation so long as you do not travel overseas. Travel opens up new risks.

As I mentioned above even if you travel often and have made many trips outside of the United States after your conviction you may one day suffer a rude awakening. It is not uncommon for a permanent resident who has made multiple trips over many years to suddenly be stopped and placed into removal proceedings because of an old conviction. And it doesn’t really matter how old the conviction is. So it’s really important that if you have any criminal convictions, you consult with an immigration lawyer before taking any trips outside of the United States.

If you are a permanent resident, have one or more criminal convictions and plan to travel outside of the United States, before traveling overseas with criminal convictions I strongly encourage you to consult with an immigration lawyer prior to traveling.

Please contact me at (213) 388-1821 or [email protected].

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Traveling with a Criminal Record: All Questions Answered

Sometimes, an unfortunate event happens to us that may prevent us from getting the life we want. This can be the case with a criminal record . It is good to be aware of what situations you will be in when traveling, as not every country is going to be flexible in your situation. Here are some tips and advice for anyone looking to travel with a criminal record.

If you have a criminal record, there are several countries that will not let you enter. This can be a problem if you want to travel for business or pleasure. Here is a list of countries that will not allow entry to those with a criminal record.

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In this article…

I have a criminal record and want to travel: What countries can I visit?

The United States, Canada , Australia , and New Zealand are some of the countries that will not allow entry to those with a criminal record.

Other countries too may refuse entry to visitors with a criminal record.

Countries that may refuse entry to visitors with a criminal record.

Afghanistan , Algeria , Angola , Bahrain , Cambodia , Cameron, Central African Republic , China , Comoros , Djibouti , Equatorial Guinea , Eritrea , Gabon , Gambia , Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Indonesia , Ivory Coast , Kazakhstan , Kuwait , Kyrgyzstan , Laos , Lebanon , Liberia , Libya , Malaysia , Maldives , Mauritania , Mongolia , Mozambique , Myanmar , Namibia , Nepal , Niger , Nigeria , Oman , Pakistan , Qatar , Russia, Saudi Arabia, Senegal , Sierra Leone , Somalia , South Sudan , Sudan , Syria , Tajikistan , Thailand , Togo , Turkmenistan , UAE, Uzbekistan , Vietnam , Yemen , Zambia , Zimbabwe

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How can I travel to America with a criminal record?

If you have a criminal record, you may still be able to travel to America. However, you will need to apply for a waiver in advance, which can be a lengthy and complicated process.

Even if you are granted a waiver, you may still be subject to additional scrutiny at the border. Be prepared to answer questions about your criminal record and why you are traveling to the United States.

If you have a criminal record, you may still be eligible for a US visa waiver . To apply, you will need to submit a completed application, including all required supporting documentation, to the US Embassy or Consulate where you will be applying for your visa.

What are the travel restrictions for people with a criminal record?

If you have a criminal record, travel restrictions will vary depending on the country you are trying to enter. For example, Canada will not allow people with certain types of criminal records to enter the country. The United States has a similar policy, but there are some exceptions. If you are hoping to travel to a country with strict travel restrictions for people with criminal records, it is best to consult with an attorney beforehand to see if there is any way to obtain a waiver.

Also read: US Work Visa – How to Apply

Can I get a waiver to enter the United States with a criminal record?

If you have a criminal record, you may still be able to enter the United States. Whether or not you are eligible for a waiver depends on the type of offense and how long ago it occurred.

If your criminal offense was a misdemeanor, such as petty theft or disorderly conduct, you may be eligible for a waiver if it occurred more than five years ago. If your offense was a felony, such as rape or murder, you will not be eligible for a waiver. ( Source )

In order to apply for a waiver, you will need to submit a completed application, along with supporting documentation, to the U.S. embassy or consulate where you will be applying for a visa. The consular officer will review your case and make a decision on whether or not to grant a waiver. If you are granted a waiver, you will be issued a visa and will be allowed to enter the United States.

How can I find out if my criminal record will prevent me from traveling?

If you have a criminal record, you may not be able to travel to certain countries. For example, Canada has a program called the International Criminal Information Centre (ICIC) which allows them to share information about people with criminal records with other countries. If you try to enter Canada and they find out you have a criminal record, you may be denied entry. ( Source )

There are also some countries that have specific requirements for people with criminal records. For example, Australia requires people with certain types of criminal records to apply for a special visa before they can enter the country.

If you’re not sure whether your criminal record will prevent you from traveling to a particular country, you can check with the embassy or consulate of that country.

There are a number of ways to check if you will be restricted from traveling to a particular country because of your criminal record.

The Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) website has a list of countries that have entry requirements for British citizens. This list includes information on whether a country requires a criminal background check as part of its entry requirements.

The FCO also provides advice for British citizens traveling to specific countries. This advice includes information on any entry requirements for that country, including any requirements for a criminal background check.

If you are unsure whether your criminal record will restrict your travel to a particular country, you can check with the embassy or consulate of that country. You should do this before you book your travel arrangements.

In some cases, you may be able to apply for a waiver or exemption from the travel restriction. For example, you may be able to apply for a waiver if you are traveling for business or humanitarian reasons.

If you are found to be traveling to a country without the required documentation, you may be refused entry and could be deported. You may also be placed on a watch list which could make it difficult for you to travel to other countries in the future.

Can I travel internationally with a misdemeanor?

A misdemeanor on your record should not impact your ability to travel internationally.

There is no one answer to this question as different countries have different policies in place regarding entry for people with a misdemeanor. Some countries may allow entry for people with a misdemeanor, while others may not. It is important to research the entry requirements of a particular country before traveling there.

How can I travel if I have a criminal record?

If you have a criminal record, you may be able to travel if you meet certain requirements. For example, you may need to get a pardon or have your record sealed.

If you have a criminal record, traveling can be difficult. You may not be able to get a passport, or if you are able to get a passport, you may not be able to travel to certain countries. Even if you are able to travel, you may have to disclose your criminal record to customs and immigration officials, which could lead to problems.

Countries you can’t travel to with a criminal record

There are many countries that will not allow someone with a criminal record to enter. Some of these countries include Afghanistan, Algeria, Bahrain, Bangladesh , Barbados , Botswana , Brunei , Cambodia, Congo , Egypt , Ghana , Guyana, India , Iraq , Jamaica , Jordan , Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Mauritania, Morocco, Myanmar, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar , Saudi Arabia, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Tunisia , Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yemen, and Zimbabwe.

Do the Bahamas allow felons to enter?

The Bahamas does not have a formal policy on felons entering the country. However, it is generally assumed that felons would not be allowed to enter the Bahamas due to the country’s strict laws on crime and violence.

UK Criminal record travel restrictions

If you have a criminal record in the United Kingdom, you may be restricted from traveling to certain countries. This is because some countries do not allow people with criminal records to enter their territory.

Can I travel to the Caribbean with a criminal record?

If you have a criminal record, you may still be able to travel to the Caribbean . However, you will need to check with the embassy or consulate of the country you wish to visit to find out their specific requirements.

You may also need to get a waiver from the country’s government in order to be allowed entry.

Can green card holders with criminal records travel?

If you have a criminal record, you may still be able to get a green card (permanent resident card), but it will likely be more difficult and you may need to apply for a waiver of inadmissibility.

If you have been convicted of a crime, you are not automatically ineligible for a green card. However, your crime may make you inadmissible to the United States, which means you will not be able to get a green card unless you qualify for a waiver of inadmissibility.

There are many different types of crimes that can make you inadmissible, including:

• Crimes involving moral turpitude (such as fraud or theft)
• Aggravated felonies
• Drug offenses
• Human trafficking offenses
• Domestic violence offenses
• Unlawful presence in the United States

Also read: Visa Free Countries

If you are inadmissible to the United States, you may still be able to get a green card if you qualify for a waiver of inadmissibility. There are many different types of waivers available, and each has different requirements.

For example, the waiver for a crime involving moral turpitude requires that you show that you have been rehabilitated and that your crime was an isolated incident. The waiver for an aggravated felony requires that you show that you will be facing extreme hardship if you are not allowed to enter the United States.

If you have a criminal record and you want to get a green card, you should speak with an experienced immigration attorney who can help you determine if you are eligible for a waiver and assist you with the application process.

• Countries You Can’t Travel to With a Criminal Record
• What is the Purpose of a Passport? All Your Questions Answered
• Customs and Etiquette: How to Adapt to Different Cultures While Traveling
• Money Matters: Managing Your Finances While Traveling Abroad
• Things To Do Before Traveling to Japan

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Update April 12, 2024

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U.S. citizens may need a "certificate of good conduct" or proof that they lack a criminal record. These may be needed for many reasons abroad. These reasons may include adoption, school, and work. U.S. police may not know about this process because it is rare in the United States. U.S. citizens have many options to prove they have no criminal record.

Local Police Check

Go to your local police department where you live or last lived in the United States. Ask that the police conduct a local or state criminal records search. Ask that they provide a document showing you have no history of a criminal record. Police departments may need you to be there in person to request the background check.

Check if the country where you will use the records requires authentication. For information on that, please see our page on authentications .

FBI Records Check

The Criminal Justice Information Services (CJIS) Division of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is in charge of an FBI records check. They are responsible for criminal justice information. They work with law enforcement and governments around the world. They also work with private organizations and citizens like you.

The FBI offers two ways to request your FBI Identification Record or to prove that no record exists:

• You may get a copy of your record by submitting a written request to the CJIS Division. The request must include proof of identity. This proof must include your name, date and place of birth, and a set of rolled-inked fingerprints (which can usually be obtained at your local police department). If there is no criminal record, they provide a report reflecting this fact. The FBI will not provide copies of other people's arrest records to you.  See www.FBI.gov for current processing fees and more information. See also Identification Record Request and Guide for Obtaining Your FBI Identification Record . Lastly, see Submitting an Identification Record Request to the FBI.
• You may also submit a request through an FBI-approved channeler. A channeler is a private business that has contracted with the FBI. They receive your fingerprint submissions and data. They also collect any fees. Then they send the submissions and information to the FBI. The FBI will give them the background check results, and they will give them to you. See www.FBI.gov for the list of FBI-approved channelers.

Note: You must submit a request directly to the FBI CJIS Division if you need:

• An apostille or authenticated copy of your FBI Identification Record
• An FBI Identification Record as a non-U.S. national or permanent resident

The U.S. Department of State Authentications Office can attach an apostille to a document for countries in the Hague Apostille Convention. For countries not in the convention, they will add a certification over the FBI seal.

Getting Your Fingerprints Taken

You should be able to get fingerprint cards from your local police or at www.FBI.gov . U.S. embassies and consulates abroad do not provide these services. See Fingerprint Identification: An Overview.

Authentication of Police or FBI Certificates of Lack of a Criminal Record

CJIS will authenticate U.S. Department of Justice Order 556-73 fingerprint search results for international requests. They do this if requested at the time of submission. They do so by placing the FBI seal and signature of a Division official on the results.

If needed, you can then send this document to our U.S. Department of State Authentications Office. They can authenticate it for you. Be sure to tell them what country you will use the document in.

Documents from your local police will need more than their seal. You will need more authentication. Contact your state Secretary of State’s office or other designated officials in your state. They can help you authenticate state-issued documents. See our general guidance on authentication of documents for use abroad .

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International travel restrictions based on criminal record

2:61. International travel restrictions — In general *

A conviction can restrict a U.S. citizen’s freedom to travel outside the United States in several ways. First, domestic laws revoke passports for individuals convicted of designated offenses. When a person is convicted of a felony drug offense for conduct that involved international travel, for example, his passport will be revoked under federal law [1] . The revocation period lasts for the full duration of the sentence imposed for the drug offense [2] .

Foreign laws may also restrict the travel of individuals convicted in U.S. courts.   Some countries, most notably Canada, prohibit individuals convicted of certain offenses from entry. [4]   However, countries that only require travelers to present their passport for admission generally do not screen for a criminal record.  Canada is a special case, as the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) border agents have access to the National Crime Information Center (NCIC) database, using the traveler’s passport, which allows them to see any conviction going back to a traveler’s 18 th birthday. [5]

Other countries do not have immediate access to the NCIC database, which means that this issue only arises if the individual is applying for a visa to visit, work, study, or immigrate.  On visa applications, there is usually a question regarding criminal convictions and arrests, and failure to answer truthfully may have serious consequences.  U.S. citizens may also be asked to present a “certificate of good conduct” or “lack of a criminal record” for a variety of reasons for use abroad including adoption, school attendance, or employment. [6]

Some countries do not automatically exclude individuals with prior convictions from entry but require certain convicted individuals to apply to the country for pre-clearance prior to travel. [7]   Individuals with criminal records who wish to travel internationally should first contact the local U.S. embassy of the nation they wish to visit for up-to-date information about the nation’s policies regarding admission.

2:62. International travel restrictions – Canada

The Canadian Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA) [8] states that a foreign national may be inadmissible on the grounds of criminality if convicted outside of Canada of an offense that, if committed in Canada, would constitute an “indictable offense” under an Act of Parliament. [9]  Thus, simply, any offense committed outside of Canada that would be considered indictable in Canada results in criminal inadmissibility. Any offense that could be treated as either summary or indictable is known as a hybrid offense. Hybrid offenses, a majority of the offenses in the Canadian criminal code, are considered to be indictable offenses for the purposes of Canadian immigration.  Summary offenses do not result in inadmissibility. [10]

A significant part of the application process to overcome inadmissibility is determining the equivalence of foreign offenses with Canadian offenses.  It does not matter how lightly or severely a given crime is treated in the country where it occurred, or whether it is styled as a felony or misdemeanor.  Thus, a misdemeanor under U.S. law may render an individual inadmissible to Canada while someone with a felony conviction may not be inadmissible. [11]  In some cases it is possible to argue non-equivalence or equivalence to a minor offense to circumvent the inadmissibility regulations and allow the individual to enter without applying for permission.

Once the equivalence has been established, it is important to determine the maximum authorized sentence under Canadian law, which will be relevant to determining the cost and likelihood of success when applying for relief from criminal inadmissibility.  Offenses that carry a maximum sentence of 10 years or more under Canadian law are considered serious criminality and relief is more difficult to obtain.  Non-serious criminality is a conviction for an offense with a maximum sentence of less than 10 years. The processing times and fees for applications involving non-serious criminality are less.

When a foreign conviction is determined to be an indictable offense under Canadian law, whether it will render the traveler inadmissible depends on several factors:

• How long ago the conviction occurred;
• The severity/nature of the offense in Canada;
• How many offenses the individual has been convicted of; and
• Whether the individual can demonstrate they are unlikely to reoffend. [12]

If travelers can prove that they have not been convicted of an offense that would render them inadmissible because they have received a deferral or conditional discharge or because the offense has been expunged or pardoned, applying for relief is not required.

Only a lawyer certified by one of the provincial bar associations in Canada, or a certified Canadian immigration consultant, is authorized to represent an individual in a Canadian immigration application, including Criminal Rehabilitation and TRP applications. [17]

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

* The authors wish to thank Marisa Feil of Montreal, Canada, for her contributions to §§ 2:61 and 2:62.

[1] 22 U.S. Code § 2714 (a)  http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/22/2714

[2] 22 U.S. Code 2714 (c).

[3]  These programs are described at http://www.cbp.gov/travel/trusted-traveler-programs .

[4] IRPA S.C. 2001, c.27 s.36(2).

[5] http://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/agency-agence/reports-rapports/pia-efvp/atip-aiprp/infosource-eng.html .  See § 2:62.

[6] See http://travel.state.gov/content/passports/english/abroad/legal-matters/criminal-record-check.html .

[7] In the United Kingdom, for example, individuals with criminal records are encouraged to seek entry clearance prior to travel. Clearance will ordinarily be denied for “conviction in any country including the United Kingdom of an offense which, if committed in the United Kingdom, is punishable with imprisonment for a term of twelve months or any greater punishment or, if committed outside the United Kingdom, would be so punishable if the conduct constituting the offense had occurred in the United Kingdom.” U.K. Imm. R. 320(18).

[8] IRPA S.C. 2001, c.27 s.36(2)   http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/I-2.5/ .

[9] Immigration and Refugee Protection Act, SC 2001, c 27, s.36 http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/I-2.5/ .  Canada does not use the misdemeanor/felony classification system; offenses in Canada are either summary or indictable offenses, depending on the authorized punishment.

[10] Summary offenses under the Canadian Criminal code include Trespassing at Night, Causing a disturbance, or taking a motor vehicle without consent (not Theft of an automobile).  http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/resources/manuals/enf/enf02-eng.pdf

[12] http://www.cba.org/cba/cle/PDF/IMM11_Sedai_ENF14%20%282008-04-21%29.pdf .

[13] IRPA S.C. 2001, c.27 s..36(3).  The application for Criminal Rehabilitation is available with instructions at http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/information/applications/rehabil.asp .

[14] http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/information/inadmissibility/permits.asp .

[15] Immigration and Refugee Protection Act, SC 2001, c 27 s. 18(2).

[16] http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/information/inadmissibility/rehabilitation.asp .

[17] http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/information/representative/rep-who.asp .  The penalty for a receiving compensation on this type of application by an unauthorized representative is a fine of up to $100,000. http://news.gc.ca/web/article-en.do?nid=824719 .

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A Guide for Canadians Detained Abroad

Information for prisoners, information for families and friends of prisoners abroad, for more information.

Introduction

Thousands of Canadians are imprisoned in more than 85 countries around the world.

If you are a Canadian who is detained or imprisoned in another country, this booklet will help you, your family and friends to understand the help provided to Canadians imprisoned abroad through Global Affairs Canada’s Consular Services  in Ottawa and through  Canadian government offices abroad . These services are governed by the Canadian Consular Services Charter and an international treaty, the  Vienna Convention on Consular Relations . For more information on the Vienna Convention, contact Consular Services or read the  Consular Services Delivery Framework . 

Canadian consular officials have a lot of experience dealing with the types of problems you may face. They understand how difficult the situation can be for everyone and are there to help you, your family and friends. Stay in touch with them and keep them informed about your situation.

If you are a Canadian who is detained or imprisoned in another country, you may be at a disadvantage because you may not be familiar with the local judicial system, culture and language. Prison conditions there are probably more severe than in Canada. You might be far away from your family and friends, and they may have to carry a heavy financial and emotional burden as they try to support you.

If you are a dual citizen of Canada and of the country where you are imprisoned, the authorities there could consider you to be a citizen of that country and refuse to give you access to Canadian consular services. Canadian consular officials will continue to try to help you but may be limited in what they can do or may not be able to help you at all.

You may find that being arrested and imprisoned in a foreign country causes emotional stress and practical problems. Global Affairs Canada and consular officials at offices abroad can help you, but there are limits to what they can do for you.

Who to contact

When you are detained or arrested in another country, you may want the arresting authorities to notify Canadian consular officials. If so, clearly ask them to contact the nearest Canadian government office abroad or Global Affairs Canada’s  Emergency Watch and Response Centre  in Ottawa. Under the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, the arresting authorities must inform you of your right to contact a consular representative .  They do not have to inform a Canadian government office that you have been detained or arrested unless you ask them to.

If you choose to talk to Canadian consular officials, any information you give them will remain confidential under the provisions of the  Privacy Act .  You have the right, for example, to decide who will be notified of your situation and, if you wish, to identify who may act as your designated contact person. No one – your family, friends or anyone else  – will have access to information you have shared with Canadian consular officials without your consent. 

You may also limit the information that will be shared with your designated contact person.

However, under the  Privacy Act , your personal information may be released in certain circumstances:

• when this would clearly benefit you
• when the public interest clearly outweighs any invasion of your privacy
• to a Canadian investigative body
• as the result of a Canadian court order  

The role of the Government of Canada

If you break the laws of another country, you are subject to the judicial system of that country. Being a foreigner or not knowing the local laws is not an excuse .

Global Affairs Canada will discuss your justified and serious complaints about ill-treatment or discrimination with the local authorities. It cannot, however, ask for special treatment for you, try to spare you from the due process of local law or overrule the decisions of local authorities. Just as a foreign government cannot interfere in Canada’s judicial process, the Government of Canada cannot interfere in the judicial affairs of another country.

The Royal Canadian Mounted Police and other police agencies have their own international contacts and may know of your circumstances through those sources.

How Global Affairs Canada can help

Canadian consular officers offer a range of services that vary from case to case and from country to country. They will discuss the most appropriate services for your case with you or with your designated contact person.

At your request, consular officials  can :

• notify your family or friends of your situation and let them know if and how they can help
• provide an up-to-date and accurate list of local lawyers and legal translation service providers
• approach family, friends or a local legal aid society if you cannot afford to pay legal fees
• provide you and your family with general information on the local legal and prison systems, approximate times for court action, typical sentences for the alleged offence and bail provisions
• help you communicate with your lawyer and family or friends when local conditions make direct communication impossible
• ask the appropriate authorities for immediate and regular access to you
• advocate to ensure that you are treated the same as local citizens detained for similar offences
• advocate to ensure that your basic needs are met
• obtain information about the status of your case and encourage authorities to process your case without too much delay
• raise medical or dental issues with local authorities, if you have tried and failed to have these issues addressed
• transmit concerns  through official channels to local officials and prison representatives about any treatment that could affect your health and well-being 
• arrange for the purchase (at your expense and if permitted) of food supplements, essential clothing and other basic items not available through the prison system
• deliver messages and letters and provide reading material approved by the authorities if regular email, telephone or postal services are not available or functioning
• contact relatives or friends on your behalf, with your permission, and ask them to send you funds
• give you information from Correctional Service Canada on transfer of offenders options that may allow you to serve your sentence in a Canadian prison and give you the documents to apply for a transfer if you are eligible

Canadian consular officials  cannot :

• get you out of prison
• post bail or pay your fines or legal fees
• try to obtain special treatment for you or exempt you from the due process of local law
• provide legal advice, interpret local laws or interfere in legal matters in the country where you are detained or imprisoned
• select or recommend a specific lawyer
• get involved in matters between you and your lawyer
• investigate a crime or death or intervene in a local police investigation
• forward or deliver parcels entering or leaving the country or clear them through customs
• get around rules on what can and cannot be brought into or taken out of a prison
• make travel or accommodation arrangements for your family or friends

Hiring and working with a lawyer

Choosing a lawyer in the country where you are detained or arrested can be critically important and should be done carefully. You could start by contacting a consular official at the  Canadian government office in that country to request a list of local lawyers.

Be cautious about hiring lawyers who approach you in jail or who are recommended by another prisoner or a prison official. Be wary of lawyers who promise to have you released quickly if you pay them a large sum of money, particularly if they imply that the money is to pay bribes. You may not be released quickly, and you may lose your money. Bribery is illegal in most countries, and you could be prosecuted under Canadian law.

First-class lawyers in any country charge high fees. If you cannot raise enough money to hire a lawyer, consular officials can tell you whether state-sponsored legal aid is available in the country where you are detained or imprisoned. Public defenders are usually very busy and unable to devote a lot of time to individual cases. Depending on the country, they often have limited English or French language skills.

When communicating with your lawyer, find out how they plan to represent you. Ask specific questions about the legal process and the legal activities that will be conducted on your behalf. Ask the lawyer to keep you advised of the legal process and the progress of your case, and request copies of all letters and documents prepared on your behalf.

Share your lawyer’s full name and address with family and friends, and provide them with the details of your contract. This will ensure that they know about your legal arrangements in case they are asked to pay additional fees without your knowledge. 

Consular officials can give you a list of lawyers who may have expertise in your particular type of case and who may have represented Canadians in the past, but they cannot recommend specific lawyers. You may prefer to hire a lawyer who is not on the list. This decision is up to you.  You should consider whether a lawyer is:

• experienced in your type of case
• well regarded in the local legal community
• able to speak your language
• willing to agree on a contract specifying a fee structure and detailed objectives for the duration of the case, including appeal procedures

Consular officials can help you or a designated contact person to communicate with your lawyer. They can give you information based on their experience but cannot make decisions for you or give you legal advice. All decisions affecting your case must be made by you or your lawyer.

Prison conditions

General guidance

When you arrive at the detention centre, find out about its regulations and what services are available to you. Then make sure you follow the rules.

Be aware that your telephone conversations, mail and visits, including those with consular officials, may be monitored.

Raising your concerns

If you are in detention and have a request or a concern, follow proper procedures and raise the issue through the appropriate channels at the facility first. If the issue is not resolved, ask consular officials to follow up on your behalf.

Basic needs

The local standards for basic nutrition, medical and dental care may be much worse than what you would expect in a Canadian detention centre. However, you should have access to clean drinking water and should be provided with food regularly. You should also have access to basic medical and dental care, although it may be limited. Make sure you understand how these basic needs are met by the detention centre.

Health and medical needs

If you have a medical emergency, health condition or specific medical needs, make sure you tell the prison authorities as soon as possible and find out which medical services are available on-site. Some detention centres may offer only basic medical services, so ask how your medical condition can be treated. You may have to pay for certain medication or for medical follow-ups and treatments. Some medication may not be available at the detention centre or even locally. Contact consular officials if your health and medical needs require specific follow-up.

Financial needs

Some detention centres allow detainees to buy additional food, calling cards or other essential items within the facility. Ask the prison authorities if this is possible and what the rules are. You might need to set up an account at the detention centre to buy items. Ask how funds can be deposited in the account. If you need help to have funds deposited, contact consular officials to discuss your options.

Special programs

In some countries, special programs, such as work programs, are available in prisons. Foreign prisoners may not be allowed to participate due to the type of crime they committed or because they will not be reintegrated into that country when they are released. Consular officials cannot convince prison officials to give a Canadian prisoner access to specific programs.

Transfer of offenders

Canada has agreements, also known as treaties, governing the transfer of offenders with over 118 countries, states and dependencies. These agreements allow Canadians convicted of offences in other countries to serve their sentences in Canadian prisons, where they can more easily prepare for life after they are released. A transfer only takes place with the consent of the offender, the approval of the sentencing country and the approval of Canada. Correctional Service Canada , an agency of Public Safety Canada, administers the International Transfer of Offenders Program through Global Affairs Canada and its offices abroad. Transfer decisions are made at the discretion of the Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness.

The country in which you have been convicted and sentenced is responsible for informing you if it has a transfer agreement with Canada. Only you, or your representative, may request a transfer to a Canadian correctional facility by contacting the nearest Canadian government office abroad. Correctional Service Canada will write to you to confirm your intention and ask you to complete the proper transfer application forms.

You can submit an application for transfer after you have been convicted and sentenced and the judgment is final. This means that there are no further appeals or forms of review of your sentence, whether any of your sentence remains to be served in Canada or not. Sentences including probation and parole can be considered for transfer under the International Transfer of Offenders Act.

Speak to Canadian consular officials on transfer options that may be available to you if you are detained in a country with a transfer of offender agreement. They will provide you with the Correctional Service Canada documents that you need to apply for a transfer. If your application is approved by both the host country and Canada, you will be transferred to Canada, where you will complete your sentence subject to Canadian laws and regulations.

In some countries, individual states or provinces determine whether or not to participate in an agreement signed by their national government. If you are imprisoned under the legislation of a state or province, you may not be eligible to apply for a transfer even if there is a transfer of offenders agreement in place with that country.

If Canada does not have a transfer of offenders agreement with the country where you are imprisoned, the Minister of Foreign Affairs may, with the consent of the Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness, enter into an administrative arrangement with this country for your transfer in accordance with the International Transfer of Offenders Act .

The transfer of offenders process can take a long time, especially in countries where there is no agreement, and there is no guarantee that the transfer will be approved by either or both sides.

Transfer of prisoners who are not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder or unfit to stand trial

If you have been judged unfit to stand trial, or not criminally responsible on account of a mental disorder, the Minister of Foreign Affairs may, if the Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness and the relevant provincial or territorial authority agree, enter into an administrative arrangement with the foreign country to transfer you to Canada.

For more information on transfer of offenders agreements, consult the Consular Services Delivery Framework or contact Correctional Service Canada . An information booklet on the transfer of offenders to Canada is available from Correctional Service Canada.

The Government of Canada does not object to an offender cancelling a transfer request in progress, but the governments of some sentencing countries may not reverse the process at a certain stage. You should carefully consider the transfer request policies of the country where you were sentenced before you submit an application. 

When you are released

Not every country has a parole system. In certain countries, foreigners can face challenges when they apply for probation. While, in theory, foreigners may be eligible for parole where the legal systems allow it, in practice Canadians imprisoned abroad may find it difficult to demonstrate that they meet all the requirements.

Returning to Canada

In many countries, Canadians who have completed a criminal sentence are likely to be deported. They may also be prevented from returning to the country where they were imprisoned, particularly if they are not a citizen there.

As a Canadian citizen, you will not be denied re-entry to Canada when your criminal sentence abroad is finished. It can be challenging to reintegrate to life in Canada after a prolonged absence, especially when you have been incarcerated abroad and may not have valid identification or social supports. There are organizations in Canada that can help you and your family prepare for your return to Canada.

If you will be deported, Canadian consular officials will work with local immigration authorities to ensure that you have the right documents to return to Canada. Canadians in detention abroad are otherwise ineligible to hold a Canadian passport under the Canadian Passport Order .

Criminal record in Canada

A foreign conviction does not necessarily mean that you will have a Canadian criminal record. However, if you were convicted abroad and returned to Canada through an international transfer of offender treaty or an administrative arrangement under the International Transfer of Offenders Act, the foreign conviction will be kept on your record by the Canadian Police Information Centre.

Obligations for internationally convicted sex offenders

Under Canada’s Criminal Code , if you have been convicted, or found not criminally responsible due to a mental disorder, of a sex offence in another country, and that country has released you, you must provide your name, date of birth, gender, address in Canada and the facts of your conviction or not criminally responsible verdict to your local police services within seven days of your return to Canada. This is so the attorney general of the province or minister of justice of the territory can decide whether you should be included in the  National Sex Offender Registry  to comply with the  Sex Offender Information Registration Act . If you do not report, you may face criminal prosecution.

Further information on the National Sex Offender Registry is available from  Public Safety Canada  or the  Royal Canadian Mounted Police .

Seeking clemency in death penalty cases

The Government of Canada opposes the use of the death penalty in all cases, everywhere, and will undertake clemency intervention and offer consular assistance to all Canadians charged or convicted of a crime punishable by death. If you believe that this may apply to your case, speak to a consular official, who will review options with you and your lawyer and determine how to undertake a clemency intervention.

Who to contact 

If you are a family member or a friend of a Canadian detained or imprisoned abroad, and you are in Canada, you should contact Global Affairs Canada’s  Consular Services in Ottawa. You will be assigned a case management officer. If you are in another country, you can contact the nearest Canadian government office abroad.

A consular official can provide you with general information about the country, its justice system and its prison conditions. You will be given details of the detention or arrest and told how to make contact with your loved one only if they clearly consent to the release of this information.

The arrested or detained person can decide who will be their designated contact person, with whom their information will be shared, and may choose not to disclose any information to anyone. Depending on the circumstances, it may take some time for the consular officials to obtain their consent. See our Consular Services Privacy Notice Statement for more information.

Try to keep in touch with your loved one through normal channels as much as possible. Consular officials can advise you on the best way to send money or parcels. In many countries, mail sent or received by detainees and prisoners will be opened and read by prison authorities. Your telephone conversations may also be monitored. In some countries, detainees and prisoners may be required to pay fees to access telephones and send mail. Be careful not to discuss or put in writing anything you do not want to become public. Consular officials in Ottawa and at  Canadian government offices abroad may be able to provide more information. Consular officials will advise which consular services can and cannot be provided depending on local circumstances, which may also affect your ability to help your family member or friend. In general, consular officials will try to provide more services when a Canadian is detained or imprisoned in a country where it is difficult for family or friends to provide help, or where prison conditions make these services necessary.

Hiring a Canadian lawyer to help a friend or family member imprisoned in another country might not be the best option. To be able to practise in a country, a lawyer must be accredited there. An accredited local lawyer is usually better placed to understand the local laws and legal process and to represent someone who has been arrested and detained abroad.

Ask your imprisoned friend or family member to send you their lawyer’s full name and address and the details of the contract. This will ensure that you know about the legal arrangements in case the local lawyer asks you to pay additional fees without your friend or family member’s knowledge. 

For more information, see Hiring and working with a lawyer under Information for prisoners .

Transferring funds

Your imprisoned friend or family member may need money to purchase daily necessities and to pay legal fees. Contact consular officials in Ottawa or at the Canadian government office  in that country to find out the best way to send money. It may be possible to send money directly to the prisoner’s account at the prison, or it may be best to send funds via the embassy or consulate. Some prisons may charge fees for transferring or administering funds, and funds transferred via the embassy or consulate are subject to consular specialized services fees .

Communicating with a Canadian in prison abroad

How you communicate with a friend or family member in prison in another country depends on the country, the offence and the detention centre’s rules. You may be able to communicate directly with the person, or there may be no direct contact allowed. In some cases, contact is limited to certain days. Some institutions allow contact by letter only, and in other cases any messages must be passed through consular officials. Contact consular officials in Ottawa or the Canadian government office in the country for more information.

Visiting a Canadian in prison abroad

Plan your visit to your imprisoned loved one before you leave Canada.  Make sure you check the Travel Advice and Advisories page for your destination for the most up-to-date travel information. Be sure to discuss your proposed prison visit with  consular officials in Ottawa early in the planning stages. While consular officers cannot make your travel or accommodation arrangements, they may be able to provide advice on the visitation process. If consular officers need to obtain a visit authorization for you from the local authorities, you may be asked to provide your travel details and other relevant information.

Prison authorities are not likely to grant visitors from Canada special treatment, such as admitting them outside regular visiting hours. Some prisons allow visits only at specific times of year or days of the week or restrict who may visit and how many visits or visitors a prisoner may receive. For example, they may not allow visits by common-law or same-sex spouses. We highly recommend that you arrange to be accompanied by an interpreter if you are not comfortable communicating in the local language.

If you are a dual citizen , use your Canadian passport when you are travelling abroad and present yourself as Canadian to foreign authorities if the laws of the country you are visiting permit. Travelling on your Canadian passport may help you to access Canadian consular services if you need them.

Only the detainee/prisoner, or their representative, may request a transfer to a Canadian correctional facility. See the section on Transfer of offenders under Information for prisoners .

Global Affairs Canada   Travel.gc.ca

125 Sussex Drive  Ottawa, ON  K1A 0G2  Canada

Tel.: 1-800-267-6788 (in Canada and the U.S.) or +1 613 996 8885 (Call collect from abroad, where service is available)  Fax: +1 613 943 1054 or +1 613 996 5358  TTY: (For persons with a hearing loss.) 1-800-394-3472 (in Canada and the U.S.) or +1 613 944 1310  Email:  [email protected]

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International Transfers Unit  340 Laurier Avenue West  Ottawa, ON  K1A 0P9  Canada  Tel.: +1 613 947 9708 (Offenders outside Canada can call collect where service is available.) Fax: +1 613 952 7676  Email: [email protected]

You can also visit the  International Transfer of Offenders page.

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CBP Releases March 2024 Monthly Update

WASHINGTON — U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) released operational statistics today for March 2024. CBP monthly reporting can be viewed on CBP’s Stats and Summaries webpage .

“CBP - in coordination with our partners across the Federal government as well as foreign partners - continues to take significant actions to disrupt criminal networks amidst unprecedented hemispheric migration activity,” said Troy A. Miller, Senior Official Performing the Duties of the Commissioner. “Encounters at our southern border are lower right now, but we remain prepared for changes, continually managing operations to respond to ever-shifting transnational criminal activities and migration patterns.”

CBP continues to work closely with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) to quickly process individuals encountered at the border and remove those who do not establish a legal basis to remain in the United States, delivering strengthened consequences promulgated by the Circumvention of Lawful Pathways rule and its associated measures. From May 12, 2023 to April 3, 2024, DHS has removed or returned over 660,000 individuals, the vast majority of whom crossed the southwest border, including more than 102,000 individual family members. The majority of all individuals encountered at the southwest border over the past three years have been removed, returned, or expelled. Total removals and returns since mid-May exceed removals and returns in every full fiscal year since 2011. 

Below are key operational statistics for CBP’s primary mission areas in March 2024. View all CBP statistics online. 

Ensuring Border Security and Managing Migration 

CBP continues to expeditiously process and remove individuals who do not have a legal basis to remain in the country. We are working together with our domestic and foreign partners to jointly disrupt irregular migration across the region, offering safe, orderly, and lawful pathways for intending migrants and taking action against ruthless smugglers who continue to spread falsehoods and show disregard for the safety and well-being of vulnerable migrants. We are also working alongside U.S. government partners to target transnational criminal organizations and smugglers who take advantage of and profit from migrants and taking new measures to stop individuals from exploiting traditional travel methods for migration.

In March 2024, the U.S. Border Patrol recorded 137,480 encounters between ports of entry along the southwest border.  In March, encounters between ports of entry along the southwest border were 45% lower than in December 2023 and 16% lower than March 2023.

CBP had a total of 189,372 encounters along the southwest border in March 2024, including U.S. Border Patrol encounters between ports of entry, as well as individuals who presented themselves at ports of entry (including those with CBP One™ appointments, detailed further below).

CBP continually analyzes and responds to changes in migration patterns, particularly irregular migration outside of lawful pathways and border crossings. We work with our federal and international partners to combat human smuggling. The fact remains: the United States continues to enforce immigration law, and those without a legal basis to remain will be removed. Migrants attempting to enter without authorization are subject to removal under Title 8 authorities.

The U.S. Border Patrol has undertaken significant efforts in recent years to expand capacity to aid and rescue individuals in distress. To prevent the loss of life, CBP initiated a Missing Migrant Program in 2017 that locates noncitizens reported missing, rescues individuals in distress, and reunifies decedents’ remains with their families in the border region. In March, the U.S. Border Patrol conducted 439 rescues, a 77% increase from January 2024. This brings the FY 2024 total rescues to 2,488 . 

View more migration statistics and rescues statistics .  

CBP One™ App   

The CBP One™ mobile application remains a key component of DHS’s efforts to incentivize noncitizens to use lawful, safe, humane, and orderly pathways and processes. Generally, noncitizens who cross between the ports of entry or who present themselves at a port of entry without making a CBP One™ appointment are subject to the Circumvention of Lawful Pathways rule. This rule presumes asylum ineligibility for those who fail to use lawful processes, with certain exceptions. DHS encourages migrants to utilize lawful processes, rather than having migrants take the dangerous journey to cross unlawfully between the ports of entry, which also carries consequences under Title 8.

The CBP One™ app allows noncitizens throughout central or northern Mexico who lack documents sufficient for admission to the United States to schedule an appointment and remain in place until presenting at a preferred port of entry for their appointment, reducing migrants’ need to crowd into immediate border areas. Use of the CBP One™ app to schedule appointments at ports of entry has increased CBP’s capacity to process migrants more efficiently and orderly while cutting out unscrupulous smugglers who endanger and profit from vulnerable migrants.

In March, CBP processed 44,000 individuals through appointments at ports of entry utilizing advanced information submitted in CBP One™. Since the appointment scheduling function in CBP One™ was introduced in January 2023 through the end of March 2024, more than 547,000 individuals have successfully scheduled appointments to present at ports of entry using CBP One™ instead of risking their lives in the hands of smugglers. The top nationalities who have been processed are Venezuelan, Haitian, and Mexican.

A percentage of daily available appointments are allocated to the earliest registered CBP One™ profiles, so noncitizens who have been trying to obtain appointments for the longest time are prioritized. CBP is continually monitoring and evaluating the application to ensure its functionality and guard against bad actors. 

CHNV Parole Processes

On January 5, 2023, DHS announced processes providing certain Cubans, Haitians, and Nicaraguans, who have a supporter in the United States, undergo and clear robust security vetting, and meet other eligibility criteria, to come to the United States in a safe, orderly, and lawful way. These processes were built on the success of the process for Venezuelans established in October 2022; they are publicly available online, and DHS has been providing regular updates on their use to the public. This is part of the Administration’s strategy to combine expanded lawful pathways with stronger consequences to reduce irregular migration and have kept hundreds of thousands of people from migrating irregularly.

Through the end of March 2024, 404,000 Cubans, Haitians, Nicaraguans, and Venezuelans arrived lawfully on commercial flights and were granted parole under these processes. Specifically, 86,000 Cubans, 168,000 Haitians, 77,000 Nicaraguans, 102,000 Venezuelans were vetted and authorized for travel; and 84,000 Cubans, 154,000 Haitians, 69,000 Nicaraguans, and 95,000 Venezuelans arrived lawfully and were granted parole.

Safeguarding Communities by Interdicting Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs

As the largest law enforcement agency in the United States, CBP is uniquely positioned to detect, identify, and seize illicit drugs before they enter our communities. CBP’s combination of interdiction and intelligence capabilities, complemented by its border search authorities, scientific services, non-intrusive inspection equipment, and canine detection teams, places it at the forefront of the U.S. government’s efforts to combat illicit fentanyl and other dangerous drugs.

CBP continues to conduct operations, including Operation Apollo, which target the smuggling of illicit fentanyl and other dangerous drugs. These operations leverage intelligence and investigative information to target drug traffickers’ supply chains and interdict items required in the production of illicit fentanyl, including precursor chemicals, pill presses and parts, movement of finished product, and illicit proceeds.

Nationwide in March, fentanyl seizures increased by 16.1% compared to February and heroin seizures by 19.6% .

To date in FY 2024 through the end of March, CBP has seized 10,026 pounds of fentanyl. CBP has stopped more fentanyl in the last two years than in the previous five years combined, and we continue to optimize our intelligence and field operations to stop these deadly substances from reaching American communities. 

Additional CBP drug seizure statistics can be found on the Drug Seizure Statistics webpage .

Facilitating Lawful Trade and Travel 

 As international travel continues to increase, CBP is leveraging technology to streamline efficiency and increase security at air and land ports of entry. Travelers are encouraged to utilize CBP’s mobile apps to enhance their travel experience, including the Global Entry Mobile Application and Mobile Passport Control , as well as new Global Entry Touchless Portals at nearly all international airports across the United States, which protect passenger privacy and expedite arrival processing by eliminating paper receipts.

Travelers arriving by air into the United States increased 13.9% from March 2023 to March 2024, passenger vehicles processed at ports of entry increased by 2.9% , and pedestrians arriving by land at ports of entry increased 10.8% over the same period.  

CBP works diligently with the trade community and port operators to ensure that merchandise is cleared as efficiently as possible and to strengthen international supply chains and improve border security. In March 2024, CBP processed more than 2.8 million entry summaries valued at more than $275 billion , identifying estimated duties of nearly $6.2 billion to be collected by the U.S. government. In March, trade via the ocean environment accounted for 39.67% of the total import value, followed by air, truck, and rail.

View more travel statistics , and trade statistics . 

Protecting Consumers, Eradicating Forced Labor from Supply Chains, and Promoting Economic Security     

CBP continues to lead U.S. government efforts to eliminate goods from the supply chain made with forced labor from the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China. In March, CBP stopped 749 shipments valued at more than $32 million for further examination based on the suspected use of forced labor.

Intellectual property rights violations continue to put America’s innovation economy at risk. Counterfeit and pirated goods threaten the competitiveness of U.S. businesses, the livelihoods of American workers, and the health and safety of consumers.

Consumers are encouraged to be alert to the dangers of counterfeit goods especially when shopping online as they support criminal activity, hurt American businesses, and often have materials or ingredients that can pose serious health and safety risks. Every year CBP seizes millions of counterfeit products worth billions of dollars had they been genuine. In March, CBP seized 1,633 shipments that contained counterfeit goods valued at more than $384 million . More information about CBP’s intellectual property rights enforcement is available at https://www.cbp.gov/trade .

CBP is on the frontline of textiles and trade agreements enforcement, combating textile imports that are not compliant with U.S. trade laws. Protecting the domestic textile industry and American consumers is vital to U.S. national security, health care, and economic priorities. Toward this end, CBP is intensifying its targeting and enforcement efforts to increase and expedite the prosecution of illegal customs practices. CBP’s efforts include de minimis compliance, forced labor enforcement, cargo compliance, regulatory audits, and public awareness. This month DHS announced an enhanced strategy to combat illicit trade and level the playing field for the American textile industry, which accounts for over 500,000 U.S. jobs and is critical for our national security. The plan details the actions CBP and Homeland Security Investigations will take to hold perpetrators accountable for customs violations, and safeguard the American textile industry.

View more UFLPA enforcement statistics , and intellectual property rights enforcement statistics. 

Defending our Nation’s Agricultural System  

 Through targeting, detection, and interception, CBP agriculture specialists work to prevent threats from entering the United States.  

CBP issued 7,105 emergency action notifications for restricted and prohibited plant and animal products entering the United States in March 2024. CBP conducted 106,410 positive passenger inspections and issued 841 civil penalties and/or violations to the traveling public for failing to declare prohibited agriculture items.   

View more agricultural enforcement statistics . 

U.S. Customs and Border Protection is the unified border agency within the Department of Homeland Security charged with the comprehensive management, control, and protection of our nation’s borders, combining customs, immigration, border security, and agricultural protection at and between official ports of entry.

Crypto Trader Convicted in $110 Million Mango Markets Fraud (2)

By David Voreacos and Chris Dolmetsch

A trader accused of exploiting Mango Markets rules to steal $110 million from the exchange was convicted of fraud in the first US trial involving criminal charges tied to cryptocurrency manipulation .

Federal jurors in New York on Thursday found Avraham Eisenberg, 28, guilty of commodities fraud, commodities manipulation and wire fraud for his actions on Oct. 11, 2022, when his trading boosted the price of futures contracts by 1,300% in 20 minutes. Sentencing was set for July 29. He faces 20 years in prison on the wire fraud count and 10 years on each of the other charges.

Eisenberg, ...

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