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Obinslab Anne Pro 2 Keyboard Review

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is an excellent 60% compact gaming keyboard that feels very well-built and looks sleek in most computer setups. It has exceptionally low wired latency, full RGB backlighting with individually-lit keys, and all keys are macro-programmable with the companion software. While this keyboard is available with a wide variety of switch options, our unit has Gateron Brown switches, which have a good amount of feedback, aren't too loud, and provide an excellent typing quality. Unfortunately, the height of the keyboard and the lack of incline settings or an included wrist rest may cause fatigue during long typing sessions, and the lack of arrow keys may bother some people.

Our Verdict

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is an excellent keyboard for gaming. It feels very well-built, and the Gateron Brown switches on our unit provide good tactile feedback and don't take much force to operate. It also has full RGB backlighting with individually-lit keys, and macros can be set to any key using the companion software. Unfortunately, its ergonomics are mediocre as it lacks a wrist rest and adjustable incline settings.

• Excellent build quality.
• Wide variety of switch types available.
• Full RGB backlighting.
• Minimal extra features.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is a good keyboard for office use. The Gateron Brown switches on our unit provide tactile feedback, are quiet, and only take a light amount of force to operate. This keyboard is also available in a range of switch types, including Cherry MX, Kailh, and other Gateron switches. Unfortunately, it has mediocre ergonomics as it's a rather tall keyboard with no palm rest or incline settings. On the other hand, every key is fully programmable, and you can set shortcuts and macros using the companion software, which is compatible with both Windows and macOS.

• Excellent typing quality.
• Small size may feel cramped to some; no arrow keys.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is a very good keyboard for mobile or tablet use. It has an excellent build quality and a very sturdy-feeling plastic frame. You can connect and charge the keyboard via USB-C cable, or you can connect wirelessly and pair up to four devices via Bluetooth. However, despite being a compact keyboard, it's fairly tall and somewhat heavy, which may not bother everyone, but some people may find it's a less portable keyboard as a result.

• Connects via Bluetooth and pairs with up to four devices.
• Tall profile and somewhat heavy.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is great for programming. It's available with a wide range of switch options, and the Gateron Brown switches we tested offer excellent typing quality. It's compatible with all major operating systems, all buttons are macro-programmable, and it has full RGB backlighting with individually-lit keys. Unfortunately, its ergonomics are mediocre due to its lack of incline settings or an included wrist rest.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is a sub-par keyboard for entertainment or home theater PC use. It lacks a trackpad, so you'll likely need to use a mouse to navigate menus, and it doesn't have media keys or a wheel for volume control. That said, it connects wirelessly via Bluetooth, and it has full RGB backlighting.

• Lacks a trackpad or volume wheel.
• No media keys.
• 8.3 Mobile/Tablet
• 8.1 Programming
• 5.3 Entertainment / HTPC
• 7.8 Raw Performance
• Updated Nov 30, 2023: We've added a link to the newly-reviewed 8BitDo Retro Mechanical Keyboard in the Dimensions section of this review.
• Updated Nov 29, 2023: We've converted this review to Test Bench 1.3.1, which adds a new estimated PCB latency test to the Single-Key Latency section and a new Analog test to the Switches section of this review. You can see the full changelog here .
• Updated Oct 27, 2023: We've converted this review to Test Bench 1.3, which overhauls how key input is evaluated. We've added new tests for Single Key Latency , Multi Key Latency , Data Transmission , and Chord Split . We've also introduced a new Raw Performance usage and adjusted how the Gaming and Office usage scores are calculated. You can see the full changelog here .
• Updated Jun 12, 2023: We've converted this review to Test Bench 1.2. This update introduces new Backlight Features and Backlight Clarity test boxes. We've also added a new Switches test box, added additional test comparisons to our Ergonomics test box, and made some minor adjustments to the scoring of our Hardware Customizability test box that we introduced with our last Test Bench. For an in-depth look at our changes, you can see our full changelog here .
• Updated Apr 26, 2023: We've converted this review to Test Bench 1.1. This update adds several new tests addressing Hardware Customization , Macro Keys And Programming , and Wireless Mobile Compatibility . We've also added new objective evaluations to the Typing Noise test, and we've simplified several tests and removed several others that were no longer relevant. For an in-depth look at all our changes, you can see our full changelog here .
• Updated Feb 04, 2021: Converted to Test Bench 1.0 .
• Updated Jan 20, 2020: Review published.

Differences Between Sizes And Variants

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is available in white or black colors and a wide variety of switch types, including Cherry MX, Gateron, and Kailh. The unit we tested is the black color variant and has Gateron Brown switches. While other switch types will provide different typing experiences, we expect the rest of our tests to remain consistent.

Compared To Other Keyboards

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is among the best compact keyboards we've tested. It's versatile enough for a variety of uses, feels very well-built, and the Gateron Brown switches on our unit provide excellent typing quality. It's also available with a wide variety of switches, including Cherry MX, Kailh, and other Gateron switches, and unlike the Ducky One 2 SF , it has companion software, making it easier to set macros. Also see our recommendations for the best keyboards for programming , the  best gaming keyboards , and the  best mechanical keyboards .

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 and the Ducky One 2 Mini V1 are both compact 60% mechanical keyboards. However, the Ducky is wired-only, while the Obinslab can be used wired or wirelessly through Bluetooth. The Obinslab is available with a variety of different switches, including Gateron and Cherry MX, while the Ducky is available with Cherry MX only. On the other hand, the Obinslab has software available, while the Ducky can only be customized by pressing keys on the keyboard itself. For gaming, the Obinslab has lower latency, but only if you use it over a wired connection.

For most uses, the Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is better than the Razer Huntsman Mini . Both keyboards are very well-built, and they can be configured with different types of switches. The typing experience on both keyboards is excellent; however, the Gateron Brown switches on the Obinslab have a higher pre-travel distance than the Clicky Optical Switches on the Razer. The biggest difference between these two keyboards is that the Obinslab is a wireless Bluetooth keyboard with multi-device pairing capability, while the Razer is a wired-only keyboard.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is a better wireless keyboard than the Keychron K6 overall. The Obinslab has much better latency, giving you a faster gaming experience. All of its keys are macro-programmable, and the keyboard is compatible with the ObinsKit software for easy customization. You can also pair it with four devices over Bluetooth. That said, the Keychron has dedicated arrow keys, which the Obinslab lacks, and its ergonomics are a bit better, thanks to the two incline settings. However, you can only pair three devices over Bluetooth at a time.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is better than the Keychron K2 (Version 2) for most uses. The Obinslab has macro-programmable keys, customization software, and its latency is significantly lower, making it a much better choice for gaming. However, the Keychron has media controls and offers incline settings, which the Obinslab lacks. Both keyboards are available in a wide variety of mechanical switches.

The Corsair K65 RGB MINI and the Obinslab Anne Pro 2 are compact 60% form factor keyboards with similar features. The Corsair is a better gaming keyboard with exceptionally low click latency and Cherry MX Speed switches. The Obinslab is a more versatile all-around keyboard that you can connect wired or wirelessly via Bluetooth, and you can wirelessly pair with up to four devices. It's available with a range of Cherry MX, Gateron, and Kailh switches. Unfortunately, its alphanumeric keys aren't as stable, and its companion software isn't as user-friendly. Also, its RGB lighting has poor color mixing as the white displays a noticeable pinkish hue.

Both the Obinslab Anne Pro 2 and the SteelSeries Apex Pro are excellent mechanical keyboards for gaming. The SteelSeries is a full-size keyboard that offers much better ergonomics thanks to its adjustable incline settings and detachable wrist rest. On the other hand, the Obinslab is a much smaller compact 60% keyboard with a slightly better typing experience due to its Gateron Brown switches, as opposed to the SteelSeries' OmniPoint switches.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 and the  ROYAL KLUDGE RK61 are both very good mobile compact keyboards, but the Obinslab is much more versatile for other uses. The Obinslab is much better for gaming because it has much lower latency, and we were able to set macros, which we couldn't do with the RK61. The Obinslab also has RGB backlighting and much better typing quality because the PBT keycaps are more stable. On the other hand, the RK61 is hot-swappable, so you can use any switch you like.

The HyperX Alloy Origins 60 and the Obinslab Anne Pro 2 are both compact 60% mechanical gaming keyboards, but the Obinslab is better overall. If you prefer a wireless keyboard, the Obinslab is a good choice since it can pair with up to four devices at once over Bluetooth, including mobile devices. Also, the Obinslab has one of the lowest click latencies we've tested, and it's available in a variety of different switch types. However, if you prefer a wired option, the HyperX is still a fantastic choice, but it only comes with proprietary linear switches.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 and the  Ducky One 2 Mini V2  are both compact 60% mechanical keyboards. If you want something that you can pair with multiple devices at once, the Obinslab is a better choice since it's wireless. It's also a better choice for gaming thanks to its exceptionally low latency when used over a wired connection, unlike the Ducky's latency which is significantly higher. The Obinslab also has a customization software to set macros and change the backlighting, although it can be hard to use. Both keyboards are available in a wide variety of Cherry MX, Gateron, and Kailh switches.

The  Razer BlackWidow V3 Mini HyperSpeed  and the Obinslab Anne Pro 2 are both wireless mechanical keyboards. The Obinslab is more compact since it doesn't have the dedicated navigation keys the Razer has. While the Obinslab doesn't have a USB receiver, it can pair with up to four devices over Bluetooth, which is one more than the Razer. Also, our Obinslab unit doesn't have the same quality control issue that our Razer has, so the typing experience and build quality feel much better. Both boards have incredibly low latency over a wired connection, but the Razer's Bluetooth latency is much lower.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 and the Varmilo VA87M are very different. The Obinslab is a compact 60% wireless keyboard, while the Varmilo is a wired TKL. The Obinslab is better for gaming because it has lower latency. Also, it has macro-programmable keys and software for customization.

The  Redragon Dragonborn K630 RGB and the Obinslab Anne Pro 2 are both compact 60% gaming keyboards, but the Obinslab is better overall. You can use the Obinslab both wired and wirelessly, and you can pair it with up to four devices via Bluetooth. Also, it has much lower latency when used with its cable, and it feels much better built. The Obinslab is available with a wider variety of switch types. On the other hand, the Redragon is a wired-only board, but it's hot-swappable, so you can easily swap out the switches for a different feel whenever you want.

The Ducky MIYA Pro and the Obinslab Anne Pro 2 are quite different. The Ducky is a wired 65% keyboard with dedicated navigation keys, while the Obinslab is a compact 60% keyboard that can be used wired or wirelessly. If you plan on gaming, the Obinslab is better because it has lower latency. The Obinslab is also a better choice if you need multi-device pairing for multitasking so that you can switch easily between the paired devices. Both keyboards are available in a variety of Cherry MX switches. Our Ducky unit has white backlighting only, but you can get a variant that has full RGB.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 and the HyperX Alloy Origins 65 are both compact, mechanical keyboards designed for gaming use, but they have some key differences. The Oblinslab can be used wirelessly and connects with Bluetooth with up to four devices, so you're able to use it with mobile devices like a tablet or phone. Also, when you use it wired, it's latency is better than the HyperX's. On the other hand, the HyperX feels better built thanks to its metal chassis and baseplate, and it also has two incline settings, with the Obinslab lacks.

The SteelSeries Apex 7 TKL and the Obinslab Anne Pro 2 are mechanical gaming keyboards with significant differences. The SteelSeries is a wired TenKeyLess (80%) keyboard with a detachable wrist rest and adjustable incline settings. It also features companion software that is fully compatible with Windows and macOS. The unit we tested has tactile SteelSeries Brown switches, though it's also available with linear Red or clicky Blue switches. The Obinslab is a compact (60%) keyboard that can be used wired or wirelessly and has a much lower wired latency. Unfortunately, its companion software isn’t compatible with macOS, and the RGB backlighting has poor coloring mixing. The unit we tested has tactile Gateron Brown switches, but it’s also available with a wide variety of other switch types.

The  Razer Huntsman Tournament Edition and the Obinslab Anne Pro 2 are both excellent mechanical keyboards for gaming, but the Obinslab is a lot more versatile. The Obinslab is a more compact keyboard that connects wirelessly and can be paired with up to four devices at the same time. It also has significantly better typing quality. The Razer is a slightly larger wired-only 80% keyboard. It uses proprietary Linear Optical switches, which offer an extremely responsive gaming experience.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 and the Logitech POP Keys are both compact mechanical boards, but the Obinslab is better for gaming. The Obinslab has much lower latency, RGB backlighting, and more programmable keys. Also, you can pair it with one extra device than the Logitech can. It's available with a wider variety of mechanical switch brands. On the other hand, if you're looking for a board for daily computer tasks and to message people, the Logitech might be better thanks to its dedicated emoji keys.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is a 60% compact wireless gaming board, while the Keychron Q1 is a 75% compact wired office board. You can use the Obinslab wirelessly via Bluetooth and pair it with up to four devices, and it's compatible with most common desktop and mobile operating systems. Also, it has much lower latency, making it a fantastic choice for gaming. On the other hand, the Keychron is a wired board with a dedicated F-row and dedicated navigation keys, including arrow keys. The fully-assembled variant we bought is hot-swappable, so you can swap out the switches with whatever you prefer, but there's also a barebones version that doesn't come with switches or keycaps at all.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 and the  Razer Huntsman Mini Analog  are two compact, mechanical gaming keyboards with extremely low latency, but they have some key differences. The Obinslab is a wireless keyboard that can connect with up to 4 devices via Bluetooth, but you can also use it with its charging cable. It comes in several switch types, so you'll likely be able to find the switch that works for you. On the other hand, the Razer is wired-only, and it comes with Razer's Analog Optical switches, which allow you to adjust the pre-travel distance on a per-key basis.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is an amazing prebuilt keyboard for gaming, whereas the  GLORIOUS GMMK PRO  is a barebones keyboard suitable for various uses. The Obinslab is a 60% compact board with no dedicated function row or arrow keys, but you can use it wired and wirelessly. It has incredibly low latency when used wired, making it an ideal choice for gaming. It's available with a variety of Cherry MX, Gateron, and Kailh switches. On the other hand, the GLORIOUS doesn't come with any switches or keycaps, so you can choose whichever ones you prefer. It has a programmable rotary knob, media hotkeys, and a Windows key lock.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 and the 8BitDo Retro Mechanical Keyboard are both wireless mechanical keyboards. The Obinslab is smaller, with a compact (60%) layout. It has a more conventional, straightforward look, and it's available in a range of mechanical switches, including Cherry MX, Kailh, and Gateron options. It also has backlighting, which the 8BitDo lacks. On the other hand, the 8BitDo has a larger, tenkeyless layout and a more distinct, retro-inspired look. It only comes with clicky Kailh switches, but it has a hot-swappable PCB that allows you to change out the stock switches without soldering, a feature the Obinslab lacks. The 8BitDo also comes with a separate two-button gamepad module.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is a better gaming keyboard than the Drop SHIFT , and it's also more versatile overall. The Obinslab is a compact 60% keyboard that can be used wired or wirelessly. It's available in an even wider variety of switches than the Drop keyboard, and the Gateron Brown switches on our unit provide a better typing experience overall. It also has better latency, and it comes with the ObinsKit software for easy customization. On the other hand, the Drop is somewhat bigger and has all the same keys as a full-sized model. So it could be a better choice if you prefer having dedicated arrow keys or a Numpad.

The Keychron C1 and the Obinslab Anne Pro 2 are mechanical keyboards with significant differences. The Keychron is a decent TenKeyLess office keyboard that's hot-swappable and is available with Gateron Red, Blue, or Brown switches. On the other hand, The Obinslab is a compact (60%) keyboard well-suited to various roles but primarily designed for gaming use. It has much lower latency, and it's available with a wide range of Kailh, Gateron, or MX Cherry switches. It also has robust customization software, which the Keychron lacks.

The Keychron C2 and the Obinslab Anne Pro 2 are mechanical keyboards designed for different uses. The Keychron is a decent entry-level, wired-only office keyboard with full backlighting available with Gateron Red, Blue, and Brown switches, as well as a hot-swappable version. The Obinslab is a wireless, compact 60% keyboard that's well suited to several roles, but it's primarily designed for gaming. It comes in a range of Gateron, MX Cherry, or Kailh switches, and unlike the Keychron, it has companion software for customization.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is better overall than the Keychron K3 . The Obinslab has macro-programmable keys and dedicated software, and it offers a better typing experience. It also has multi-device pairing with up to four devices, while the Keychron can only connect with three at a time. On the other hand, the Keychron is bigger, and it has a function row and dedicated arrow keys, which some people may prefer.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 and the Dierya x KEMOVE DK61 Pro are both compact and wireless gaming keyboards. The Obinslab may be a better choice, especially for gaming, since its latency is much better than the Dierya whether over a wired connection or over Bluetooth. The tactile Gateron Brown switches on our Dierya unit have a slightly lower operating force than the same switches on our Obinslab unit, but the difference is very small and likely won't be noticeable. However, the pre-travel distance is much shorter on the Dierya, which should result in a more responsive feel. Both can be used wired or wirelessly and can pair with multiple devices simultaneously over Bluetooth, but the Obinslab can pair with up to four devices at once, while the Dierya can pair with up to three at once.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is better than the Keychron K8 for most uses. Gaming-wise, the Obinslab has much lower latency, macro-programmable keys, and software for customization. On the other hand, the Keychron has better ergonomics because it provides two incline settings, and it has media hotkeys, which the Obinslab lacks. While both keyboards are available with various switch options, the Keychron has a hot-swappable variant that lets you change the switches without soldering.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is a 60% wireless gaming keyboard, while the  Drop ALT is a compact 65% wired gaming model. You can pair the Obinslab with up to four devices via Bluetooth, but you can also use it wired. Also, its latency is much lower. On the other hand, the Drop has dedicated navigation keys, including arrow keys, and has a USB passthrough. The Drop has magnetically attachable feet, which you can position to give a negative incline.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is a much better keyboard than the Keychron K4 . While they're both Bluetooth wireless keyboards with a multi-device pairing feature, the Obinslab can connect to four devices at the same time, whereas the Keychron can connect to three. The Obinslab has software support to customize the backlighting, and all keys are macro-programmable. The Keychron is available with Gateron or LK Optical switches, while the Obinslab is available with Cherry MX and Kailh switches.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 and the GLORIOUS GMMK are very different keyboards. The GLORIOUS is wired-only, while the Obinslab is wireless and has multi-device pairing. The GLORIOUS has a hot-swap board that lets you change the switches without soldering, allowing for greater customization. That said, the Obinslab is available in various Cherry MX, Gateron, and Kailh switches. Although we reviewed the full-size variant of the GLORIOUS, it's also available in a compact 60% or TKL size. If you plan on gaming, the Obinslab has significantly lower latency.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is better than the Ducky Mecha Mini V2 . While both keyboards are available in a wide variety of switches, the Obinslab can be used wirelessly, with multi-device pairing with up to four devices, and you can also use it with its cable. It has dedicated software, which makes customization much easier. On the other hand, the Ducky is better built and has better ergonomics as it has one incline setting.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is a superior keyboard than the AUKEY KM-G9 . It's available in a wider variety of switches, is better built, has full RGB lighting, and has customization options inside its software. The Obinslab can also be used wirelessly via Bluetooth and offers a better overall typing experience. On the other hand, people who have a need for dedicated navigation arrows might prefer the TKL layout of the AUKEY mechanical keyboard.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 and the Vortex Race 3 are quite different. The Vortex is a wired-only 75% keyboard, while the Obinslab is a compact 60% and can be used wired or wirelessly. The Obinslab's wireless connectivity makes it more versatile because it can be used with more types of devices. Also, it has a multi-pairing feature that lets you pair up to four devices simultaneously. The Obinslab is much better for gaming due to its lower latency and software support. Our Vortex unit doesn't have backlighting, but you can a variant that does. Both keyboards provide an excellent typing experience and are available in various switch options.

Test Results

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is a compact 60% keyboard that takes up very little space on your desk.

Alternatively, if you're looking for a slightly larger TenKeyLess model with a more distinct retro look, check out the 8BitDo Retro Mechanical Keyboard .

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2's build quality is excellent. Its frame is made of plastic but feels very solid and well-built, and the keycaps are doubleshot and have a matte finish. Unfortunately, there's slight left and right wobble on alphanumeric keys, though this isn't noticeable when typing.

This keyboard's ergonomics are mediocre. There's no palm rest, and there aren't any incline settings. It's a very small keyboard that may feel a bit cramped and takes a little while to get used to.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2's backlighting is outstanding. Each key is individually-lit, and the keyboard has full RGB and brightness settings, with a white inside frame to help reflect light. Unfortunately, the color mixing is poor as the white light has a pinkish hue.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 keyboard charges via a USB-C to USB-A cable. You can also use it while it's plugged in without needing a Bluetooth connection.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 connects via Bluetooth and you can wirelessly pair it with up to four devices.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 has a poor amount of extra features. While all keys can be reprogrammed within its companion software, there are no media keys, Numpad, or arrow keys. However, you can set the Right Shift, Fn1, Context Menu, and Ctrl buttons to act as arrow keys when tapped by enabling the 'Tap' feature in the software. This keyboard also has an auto-sleep feature to help conserve battery, which is nice. For a compact mechanical keyboard with dedicated arrow keys, check out the AUKEY KM-G9 .

• Obinslab Anne Pro 2
• USB-C to USB-A cable
• 1x Keycap puller
• 8x Extra keycaps
• 1x Extra enter keycap
• 1x Extra shift keycap
• 1x Extra escape keycap
• Quick start guide

This keyboard's typing quality is excellent. While larger keys with stabilizers feel a bit mushy, all keys are very stable overall. Due to its compact size, the keyboard may take some getting used to and can cause muscle fatigue, especially during long typing sessions. If you're interested in a keyboard with dedicated arrow keys to navigate text easier, check out the Ducky MIYA Pro . If you'd prefer having the freedom of easily swapping out your switches, check out the GLORIOUS GMMK instead.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 is quiet with the Gateron Brown switches we tested. However, it may be louder with other switch types.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 we tested has Gateron Brown switches. This keyboard is also available for purchase with multiple varieties of Cherry MX, Gateron, and Kailh switches.

The Obinslab Anne Pro 2 we tested has Gateron Brown switches, which feel light and give excellent tactile feedback, though the stabilized keys feel slightly mushy. If you want a compact wireless keyboard that's hot-swappable so that you can use any switch you prefer, then check out the ROYAL KLUDGE RK61 .

This keyboard has superb wired latency that should provide a very responsive-feeling experience, even in competitive and reaction-based games. The Bluetooth latency is significantly higher, but the difference likely won't be noticeable for everyday use or casual gaming.

Obinslab's ObinsKit software is excellent. It gives a plethora of customization options, allowing you to reprogram every key on the keyboard, as well as giving you full control of the RGB lighting. The software only recognizes the keyboard while using the cable, and it won't if you're using a Bluetooth connection.

This keyboard is fully compatible with Windows, but on macOS, the context menu button doesn't work.

You can use this keyboard to type on iOS, iPadOS, and Android, but due to the lack of mobile software, not all customization features are available.

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Anne Pro 2 Aluminum Case Or Wood Case(Anne Pro 2 Using)

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Package Included( Anne Pro 2 Aluminum Case Or Wood Case )

Anne pro 2 cnc aluminum or wood case + rubber feet + enough screws.

This case is mainly used for Anne Pro 2 Bluetooth keyboard,exquisite quality.Since Pro 1 is out of market for a long time,we don't test on it so we can't guarantee pro 1 is compatible.

The aluminum case is made of CNC sand blast and then anodized.

For walnut wood,the surface pattern is different because of the material.If you care about this,kindly not order it.

Aluminum case size: 294*106*18-23 mm

Wood case size: 303*115*21-31 mm

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Aluminum Case

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ANNE PRO 2 review: A gateway drug

You’ve probably seen these tiny sized keyboards around recently. Or better yet, were looking around at wireless gaming keyboards and this guy was in your search results. Mechanical keyboard? Check. RGB lights? Check. Wireless at rm250? This can’t be right it sounds too good to be true. I knew what I was getting into, but the Anne Pro 2 genuinely surprised me.

Build quality/ design “Guaranteed street cred right out of the box”

At first touch the keyboard feels light, which is perfect if you plan bring this on the go. The case is plastic with a mild and safe typing angle while the keycaps are PBT double shot, so it will outlive whatever phone you’re using now while being way more fingerprint resistant.

The case has an angular design reminiscent of much more expensive keyboards with no flip out feet to adjust typing angle, but it does have rubber strips underneath that keeps the keyboard planted very well. The Anne Pro 2 is available in black or white and comes with extra pack of colored keycaps if you want it to be special enough to let you use the disabled parking. I customized mine with as many different colors as I could, and I am quite pleased with the outcome (and it looks gorgeous on camera too, to my surprise).

The Anne Pro 2 is also non-hot swap, so you don’t get to put in other switches, but there is still modifying potential such as the typical lubing process and adding foam in the case which helps eliminate the hollow sound of the keyboard. A little fun fact: the Anne Pro 2 is compatible with the immensely popular KBDFANS aluminum metal case, so the Anne Pro 2 can transform into a premium custom keyboard if you put the money and time in it.

User experience: Unassuming but incredibly smart

The Anne Pro 2 comes in clicky, tactile and linear switches from Gateron, Kailh and Cherry. The prices increase according to the brands I’ve listed with the latter being the most expensive but known for its tried and tested switch life span. Mine has Gateron browns in them. Cherry: RM 325 Kailh: RM 280 Gateron: RM 240

These browns (p.s. not racist) feel as standard as it gets, it starts off with a slight bump and travels smoothly to the bottom. The stabilizers come pre lubricated but the rattle is still very much present and leaves much to be desired. The Bluetooth works great with latency being very minimal if your Bluetooth receiver is in direct line of sight.

The Anne Pro 2 has its own software called Obinskit. From here you’re able to view everything at a glance and make all sorts of changes, from RGB configuration, key mapping and even checking your wireless battery life. The lighting presets are nice and it even has an audio reactive preset that’s more commonly seen in more upmarket keyboard brands like Razer, that come with price tags that are 2-4x the Anne Pro 2’s. The biggest surprise here was that the firmware updates make really impactful updates such as tweaking the RGB refresh rate and optimize connections to the newer MacBooks. Here comes the sad train, as the one that that let me down about this keyboard was the missing ability to control the RGB effect speed. It may sound like a small feature to nitpick on, but it is available on most RGB keyboards so why is it missing on the Anne Pro 2?

The Anne Pro 2 sports a super standard layout, typing on it will feel no different than any other keyboard (if you don’t live in the UK). Your delete keys and other extras are now mapped under a FN combo which is also conveniently side-printed on the keycaps, very thoughtful of Obinslab! Now here comes the genius part of the keyboard. Most people don’t use a 60% keyboard because of the lack of arrow keys, but Obinslab solved this problem by setting right shift and the 3 right most keys on the bottom row to work as arrow keys if you rapidly tapped them. This completely blew me away when I first used it by accident. The implementation felt natural and truly is an innovative solution to a common problem. Massive props to Obinslab for coming up with this.

ASUS BR1100FK : Everything a kid needs for home based learning

During my Discord and Microsoft team sessions, my condenser microphone would pick up the keyboard which annoyed people, so this is not an office friendly keyboard (unless you work in a cybercafe). Big brain special discovery: The Gateron switch variants while being north facing have no issues with using Cherry profile keycaps like the expensive GMK sets.

To wrap things up, the Anne Pro 2 is a very compelling entry level wireless 60% keyboard. There are cheaper alternatives but none of them have software as good as this does at the time of writing.  If you are looking for a wireless 60% that’s budget friendly, get the Cherry switch variants and it will last you a long time. If you accidentally fall into the custom keyboard hole, the Anne Pro 2 will have plenty of things to teach you.

The Anne Pro 2 is an Absolute KILLER

The Anne Pro II is a 60% wireless/wired mechanical keyboard that is loaded with features. A popular choice amongst mechanical keyboard owners, this keyboard has many customization options including the choice between several Cherry, Gateron, and Kailh switches. We ordered our Anne Pro II with Gateron Red switches.

Included with the purchase is a keycap puller, a red detachable USB-C cable and several colored keycaps you can use to customize and swap-out the keycaps that come standard with the Anne Pro II. It is also possible to order a black version of this keyboard.

Coming with Bluetooth capability to connect to four devices, the Anne Pro II makes it easy to connect to a device and start typing away.

First Impressions

Upon opening the box, you are greeted with a very sleek, sturdy, and compact keyboard.

The keycaps have a nice font although the top row looks a little bit crowded since it includes the F1-10 keys as well. That’s just standard for 60% keyboards though.

I’m impressed the keyboard comes with a keycap puller and several different colored keycaps.

Those extras thrown in really add to the excitement when opening the box and opens up the possibilities to hundreds of different customization options.

The keycap puller makes it effortless to remove and swap out the keycaps that came already-installed.

The detachable red colored USB-C power cable is also a nice touch. The red cable really looks agreeable with the all-white keyboard.

Most keyboards come with a black power cable but the Anne Pro II sets itself apart from the competition by offering it in red.

The walls of the keyboard case are high profile, making all the keys look secure and safe. Upon doing a few quick key presses I’m really excited by the sound the keyboard makes, but we’ll test that a bit more later.

The backside of the keyboard has the Anne Pro logo and the number 01. On a side note, I have no idea why the number 01 is on the keyboard since the model name is Anne Pro 2 . Shouldn’t it be an 02 on the back? The 01 may represent something else and I’m just unaware.

There are four rubber legs to keep the keyboard from sliding while typing which seem to do their job quite effectively so no need to worry about the keyboard moving around when you frantically type during a typing test. There is also a switch on the back to turn on the wireless capability of the keyboard. Overall, it seems like a standard mechanical keyboard configuration with a little extra aesthetic to it.

The Anne Pro II is a 60% keyboard, meaning there is no num pad, arrow keys, or F keys. To access the F keys and arrow keys, you need to press more than one key at once to activate the lower layer. Overall, it has a clean aesthetic with white-colored keys and case.

The keycaps are PBT plastic, giving them a grease-free look. But even though the keycaps are PBT, they do not have much of a textured feel and are quite smooth and slippery. I would’ve liked a more textured key, but that is just personal preference. I am a sucker for textured keycaps.

With several lighting options, the Anne Pro II makes it possible to change between different backlight colors so if you enjoy a fresh new color background every time you type with the keyboard, this feature is great for you. The different RBG backlight colors can be a little difficult to configure since the instructions are translated from Chinese and are a little difficult to follow.

The typing on this keyboard feels good. The keyboard is quite sturdy and secure even though it’s a smaller keyboard, which makes typing feel better. Although I’ll admit I am not a huge fan of 60% keyboards because I struggle to type on smaller keyboards due to wrist pain. My wife on the other hand really enjoys typing on the keyboard and recommends it.

The Gateron Reds have a nice acoustic when pressed and give the keystrokes a nice feel. Although, it was a little difficult to get used to typing with this type of switch since both of us are used to tactile switches, not linear. An improvement would be to lube all of the keys to make for an even-smoother switch.

What Makes it Special

If you enjoy customizing the features of your keyboard to get the look and feel you enjoy, the Anne Pro II is an awesome keyboard for you. The several different switch options, keycap customization, lighting options, and programmability allow you to really make this keyboard fit for you.

The fact that you can connect to four different Bluetooth devices and switch between them with ease is another nice feature. This feature is great if you want to connect your keyboard to your PC, cell phone, TV, or work computer and switch between all of them whenever you want. In addition, the Bluetooth feels reliable and there are no missed keystrokes, so the software is doing its job correctly.

Complaints and Problems

Complaint #1: lighting issue.

On one specific lighting configuration there is an error where only half of the top row lights up and the rest of the keys flicker. I’m not entirely sure what causes this issue, whether it’s the PCB or perhaps the software. The keyboard is fully functional regardless of this issue, but we expect better quality when it comes to buying a brand-new keyboard.

Complaint #2: Bad instructions

The instructions we’re very poor and there’s very little available about the keyboard on the company website. The instructions look like they were written in Chinese and then plugged into Google translate, stuck inside the box, and shipped off. It took a lot of tinkering to figure out exactly how everything worked on this keyboard. Seems like it wouldn’t have been that difficult to put a little extra effort into the instructions and it would have made using the Bluetooth and figuring out all the different color options easier.

Complaint #3: Skips lines while typing

My wife noticed this issue while typing up a blog post. While typing, the keyboard will sometimes move her cursor up a line. It’s almost as if the layered arrow keys were getting activated in some scenarios when it shouldn’t have been. It only happened twice and we we’re not able to recreate the issue, so we’re not entirely sure what caused the issue or how to resolve it.

Complaint #4: Battery life

Another downside to this keyboard is the relatively short battery life. The battery is a 1900mAh which will only last for eight hours. Considering how this is a smaller sized keyboard , it does make sense that they would not want to install a larger battery to avoid weighing the keyboard down. But eight hours is a little on the short side and will require you to recharge frequently. Other wireless keyboards on the market with rechargeable batteries can last up to 72 hours.

By sheer popularity amongst mechanical keyboard enthusiasts , the Anne Pro II 60% keyboard is definitely a community favorite, so we had to review it. With both wired & wireless connection and a rechargeable battery that can last up to eight hours, this keyboard offers some of the best customization options out of the box without needing to assemble it yourself.

While there are some areas the Anne Pro II could improve in, such as battery life, lighting issues, and crappy instructions, overall this is an excellent keyboard for the price.

We’ll go over the click test in our YouTube video review, so make sure to check that out as well.

Thanks for reading, and as always, happy typing!

Jake Harrington

Jake has been an avid mechanical keyboard user for the past six years. He has a background in Mechanical Engineering and wants to apply his expertise to break down how mechanical keyboards and other tech work to show the world all of the cool aspects of the hobby.

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Anne Pro 2 Case/Housing Replacement

Introduction.

This guide will show you how to replace the Anne Pro 2 keyboard housing to a Zero-Degree case. This case is better for smaller hands, as well as more ergonomic. You can 3D print this case (link provided in Parts section).

What you need

Step 1 case/housing.

Unplug the Anne Pro 2 Keyboard.

Turn off the Anne Pro 2 Keyboard using the switch on the bottom.

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Using a keycap remover, remove the the following keycaps: Left Alt, Space Bar, Right Shift, Backslash, Y, H, and the Tab key.

Using a Torx T5 bit, remove the five screws from the keyboard.

Lift the keyboard slowly from the bottom side.

Do not fully lift the PCB because the battery is still plugged in.

Gently unplug the battery connector by wiggling it back and forth.

Remove the PCB from the main case.

Gently lower the PCB into the Zero-Degree housing from the top side first.

Firmly press it in once you have lowered it.

Screw the five T5 Torx screws back into place.

Take the seven keycaps you removed and gently place them in their intended spots on the keyboard.

Firmly press them in, ensuring they are flush with the rest of the keys.

To reassemble your device, follow these instructions in reverse order.

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Anne Pro 2 Software manage the illumination, open the mobile App and choose a pre-programmed scheme or design your own pattern, with a distinct colour for each key if desired. The programmes are easy to use and work on both Mac and PC.

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Byte Bite Bit

Anne Pro 2 Review: A Compact Keyboard With Premium Specifications

Our Anne Pro 2 review is all customers need to become experts at this fantastic product with premium specs and features. Beginners and casual users have difficulties finding the perfect mechanical gaming keyboard because most modern products have similar qualities and ratings.

Because of this issue, this article thoroughly explains the pros and cons of the Anne Pro 2 mechanical keyboard and rates the unit’s critical criteria to help people understand its actual capabilities. Hence, continue reading the following sections where we teach you everything about premium mechanical keyboards and gaming units.

• 1 Pros and Cons Table
• 2 Product Highlights
• 3 [easyazon_link identifier=”B07W41BGXD” locale=”US” tag=”bytebb-20″]Anne Pro 2 Review[/easyazon_link]
• 4 How Has This Product Evolved?
• 5.1 – Stylish and Compact Design
• 5.2 – Connectivity Options To Boost Your Performance
• 5.3 – Switches and RGB Backlighting To Overhaul the Gaming Experience
• 6 Final Conclusion

Pros and Cons Table

Product highlights.

Although you now understand more about the Anne Pro 2 mechanical keyboard and its prominent pros and cons from the table above, there is more you should discover. Hence, our thorough keyboard review continues with the product’s most significant highlights and standout features:

• Keyboard size: 60%
• Connectivity technology: Bluetooth 4.0 and USB Type-C
• Types of switches: Gateron Brown switches
• Types of keycaps: PBT keycaps
• Battery: 1,900 mAh built-in Li-Ion battery
• Lighting: RGB LED with 16.8 million colors
• Response time: 1ms
• Number of keys: 61
• Material: Polybutylene Terephthalate
• Item dimensions: 11.18 x 3.82 x 1.57 inches
• Item weight: 1.4 pounds

[easyazon_link identifier=”B07W41BGXD” locale=”US” tag=”bytebb-20″]Anne Pro 2 Review[/easyazon_link]

[easyazon_image align=”center” height=”375″ identifier=”B07W41BGXD” locale=”US” src=”https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/41OcpnaS7AL._SL500_.jpg” tag=”bytebb-20″ width=”500″]

As you can see, the Anne Pro 2 keyboard is an excellent choice for professionals and casual users, proven by the impressive critical criteria ratings. Namely, this compact unit looks and performs well during heavy use, thanks to the top-quality Polybutylene Terephthalate material and the impressive switches and keycaps. In addition, the Anne Pro 2 is slightly smaller than the HyperX Alloy , meaning it is highly portable and will get the job done wherever you go. Hence, our experts believe this unit deserves a final rating of 9 out of 10 for the critical design criterion.

Although the Anne Pro 2 package does not feature Cherry MX switches, it does not mean customers cannot swap the stock Gateron Brown units with different ones. Nevertheless, customers will experience superb quality and durability because the switches and keycaps can withstand heavy and prolonged use . In addition, customers get a total of 61 controls, which should be more than sufficient for most common services and applications, such as editing, streaming, or programming. Consequently, we agreed on a final rating of 9.5 out of 10 for the switch type criterion, nearly missing a perfect score.

Fortunately, a vital criterion that has not missed a perfect rating is RGB backlighting because the Anne Pro 2 looks impressive, especially in dark computer setups. Namely, the RGB LED lighting includes 16.8 million colors that look great, but more importantly, all keycaps’ symbols and legends are translucent, so you can quickly identify them in the dark. In addition, customers can fully customize the RGB feature and the programmable keys, which is fantastic for a unit at this cost. As a result, the Anne Pro 2 keyboard deserves a final rating of 10 out of 10 for the RGB backlights criterion.

Also, all premium keyboards must have susceptible switches and low keystroke travel, such as the Royal Kludge . Luckily, the Anne Pro 2 features units with a response time of 1ms and less than 0.1 inches of travel, which is all professionals need for demanding operations and tasks. Moreover, this futuristic keyboard has excellent Bluetooth 4.0 connectivity and USB Type-C connectors supporting up to four external devices. Therefore, our experts provide a final rating of 9.5 out of 10 for the keystroke sensitivity key criterion, missing the perfect score by a fraction.

Ultimately, the Anne Pro 2 keyboard is an excellent choice for performance enthusiasts and professional gamers because they will enjoy all its modern features. In addition, our experts believe this is the most refined compact gaming unit you can buy.

How Has This Product Evolved?

This model evolved by undergoing a significant visual overhaul because the guys at ‎Taicang Zhigengniao did a fantastic job removing specific details. Namely, the Anne 2 keyboard does not feature the logo or any writing on the case, allowing the manufacturer to shrink the design and make everything more compact than similar products.

The latest gaming products always pleasantly surprise us, and although the Anne keyboard is not a brand-new gaming unit, it has improved significantly from previous versions. 

In addition, this unit differs from previous models regarding the types of switches it supports, such as Cherry MX and Gateron. Namely, customers can effortlessly install the latest blue, brown, or red switches offering a clicky, tactile, or linear feel. Although customers might spend extra cash purchasing these additional switches, our experts believe they are a significant investment because you can customize the overall performance and experience.

Lastly, the Anne Pro 2 keyboard provides customers with more connectivity options than previous versions. Namely, customers can now use the advanced Bluetooth 4.0 and USB Type-C connectors to pair the computer and other gaming devices, such as speakers, headphones, a mouse, and controllers. Therefore, customers should not worry about connectivity and compatibility because this keyboard supports all old and modern devices. In addition, the advanced starter kit software simplifies setting up your crucial layout, lighting, and creating macros.

[easyazon_link identifier=”B07W41BGXD” locale=”US” tag=”bytebb-20″]

[/easyazon_link]

Product Features Breakdown

Although our experts provided many details in the previous sections, they are insufficient to understand the essential features’ benefits. Hence, continue reading the following section where we explain the real benefits of this product.

– Stylish and Compact Design

The Anne 2 keyboard’s most obvious and prominent feature is the stylish and compact design, which is ideal for all surroundings for gaming, editing, or office usage. As you can see, the keyboard has only 61 keys and small dimensions, so it is highly portable and lightweight, making it practical for users who travel a lot or work on the go. In addition, the keycaps feel smooth and tactile, and their texture prevents accidental slips during heavy and extended use.

Manufacturers made the case from Polybutylene Terephthalate, an excellent material that prevents dust and dirt from getting stuck to the surface. As a result, customers should not worry about cleaning the keyboard often, especially if they avoid eating or drinking near the unit. Fortunately, the keycaps and switches are easy to remove, so customers can quickly access all corners and areas. Remember that the Anne 2 keyboard features transparent keycaps that work very well with the stunning RGB LED lighting.

Another critical design feature is the keyboard’s high-profile, which is ideal for extended typing or programming sessions. Unfortunately, the package does not include a hand rest, so you must find the best resting position that will not tire your fingers and hands. Also, the case does not have stands, but the buttons are strategically placed at an angle that fits your palms naturally. So this is the ideal choice if you are looking for beautiful keyboards with a futuristic design .

– Connectivity Options To Boost Your Performance

An excellent method of boosting your keyboard’s performance is to install as many connectivity options as possible. Fortunately, the Anne 2 keyboard features two premium connections that allow customers to quickly and efficiently pair the keyboard to the computer or include external gaming devices. Unfortunately, although other connectivity options exist and are used today, our experts believe they are getting outdated, especially to current gaming and streaming standards.

So this unit has a Bluetooth 4.0 feature that is intuitive to use and does not take long to set up. As a result, customers can pair up to four external gaming devices, meaning there is much room for improvement and overall speed performance. Customers should not worry about whether they can pair their controllers, speakers, headphones, and smartphones with the Anne 2 keyboard.

Also, the Anne 2 keyboard includes a USB Type-C connector with many practical applications and uses. For instance, customers can use the USB Type-C port to charge the keyboard, connect it to the computer, or merge other gaming units. In addition, the USB Type-C connector is the fastest way customers can transfer files and data currently, so you should expect extreme speeds without lags or delays. Consequently, our experts are confident you will enjoy the connectivity options, considering this product’s cost.

– Switches and RGB Backlighting To Overhaul the Gaming Experience

The last and most prominent feature this keyboard offers is the stunning switches and RGB backlighting that change the appearance completely. For instance, older gaming keyboards did not have any lighting, so inexperienced users and beginners had trouble using the product in the dark, which was annoying. Fortunately, the guys at Taicang Zhigengniao found an excellent method of strategically implementing RGB LEDs under the transparent switches.

As a result, the complete setup looks incredibly futuristic and potent, especially in low-light computer setups. Also, customers can change all switches to experience different speeds and sensitivities, essential during professional gaming and typing. Fortunately, the legends and symbols on the top of the keycaps are transparent so that customers can experience the RGB backlighting from the top. However, note that the legends on the keycaps’ front are dark red but not transparent, which should not be a huge problem.

Hence, customers will experience superb switches and beautiful RGB LED lighting thanks to the Anne Pro 2 keyboard’s specs and features. Our team is confident you will enjoy it too.

Final Conclusion

The Anne Pro 2 keyboard is an excellent choice for professionals and casual gamers because it offers stunning specs and features, which is perfect for a product at this cost. For instance, it is a comfortable keyboard without hand rests, but the angle naturally fits your palms, preventing exhaustion and tiredness.

In addition, the Anne 2 keyboard includes impressive connectivity and compatibility options that work well with most modern computer setups. The switches and keycaps are high-quality, so you will not experience any issues. Therefore, if you appreciate a premium keyboard with advanced specs and features, we highly recommend purchasing the fantastic Anne 2 keyboard at an affordable cost. You will thank us later for making this excellent choice. 

Related posts:

• Best MMO Mouse FFXIV: Choose the Essential Piece for Your Gaming Setup
• GK61 Keyboard Review: The Product’s Highlights and Features to Know
• Kailh vs Gateron: Choose the Best Switches for Your Keyboard
• Razer vs Corsair: Comparing Them and Learning the Major Differences
• Best 65% Mechanical Keyboards: Everything You Need To Know
• HK Gaming GK61 Review: A Compact Keyboard With Amazing Specs
• Keyboard for Big Hands: End Your Typing Frustration Today
• PBT vs ABS: Comprehensive Guide To Understand Two Types of Keycaps
• Why Are Mechanical Keyboards So Expensive: Understand the Reasons
• Tactile vs Linear: Which Mechanical Switch Is Best To Use?
• Gateron vs Cherry: Buy the Best Mechanical Keyboard for Your System
• Best Aura Sync Keyboards: Top Picks for Gamers and Enthusiasts

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Morning Rundown: Why 'All Eyes on Rafah' is all over Instagram, a mosquito-borne virus threatens the U.S., and the MLB record gets a historic update

University of Idaho murder suspect's alibi defense puts spotlight on cellphone data analyst

When Bryan Kohberger ’s lawyers filed an updated alibi defense la s t week , suggesting cellphone tower data will show the man suspected in the slayings of four University of Idaho students was not in the area of the crime scene when they were killed, they said they planned to turn to an Arizona-based cell data analyst for key testimony.

It wouldn’t be the first time that Sy Ray has been asked to be an expert witness in a high-profile murder trial , although he said Friday that, out of the more than 100 times he’s testified in state and federal cases, it has typically been for the prosecution.

Now, Ray’s involvement in the case of the four college students fatally stabbed in their off-campus apartment house in November 2022, which continues to stir speculation over why someone would commit the gruesome act, is putting a spotlight on his expertise after past scrutiny over his credentials.

A timeline of the Idaho stabbings

Ray declined to address the Kohberger case, as a judge issued a gag order last year preventing many involved from speaking publicly, but he said in general that it takes “competent experts with adequate experience to interpret call detail records.”

“Where the challenges come in is when there’s a different level of experience,” he added, “and some of these records can be extremely complicated.”

Ray, a former Gilbert, Arizona, police detective , founded ZetX Corp., a company specializing in cellular geolocation mapping, in 2014. In the courtroom, Ray has found himself and his mapping software, Trax, under questions about reliability before.

“I’ve seen in previous cases where his credibility has been brought into question,” said Mark Pfoff, a cellular technology expert and former sheriff’s detective in El Paso County, Colorado.

Pfoff testified for the defense in a 2022 hearing related to the case of a man accused of stalking an ex-girlfriend. But the judge barred prosecutors from using Ray’s software data.

District Court Judge Juan Villaseñor ruled that ZetX’s Trax mapping was inadmissible and based on a “sea of unreliability” after other experts found the technology to be problematic.

“For one, the Court doesn’t find Ray credible,” Villaseñor wrote , adding: “He inflated his credentials, inaccurately claiming to be an engineer.” He went on to say that Ray has “no qualifications, licenses, or credentials to support” calling himself an engineer and that there’s “no evidence that Ray’s taken any engineering classes.”

Villaseñor also took exception with how the Trax algorithm wasn’t open to “scientific scrutiny.”

“While Ray stands by his formula, it hasn’t gained traction in the scientific community,” the judge wrote. “The methodology and algorithm aren’t published or subject to peer review, and they’ve been routinely labeled as junk science by the relevant scientific community.”

Ray said on Friday that he agreed with the defense in that there was inaccuracy with the data, but the case was an anomaly. NBC News found other cases, including in Pennsylvania and Michigan , in which Ray’s credibility and data were questioned in hearings, but judges ultimately deemed them admissible.

“I absolutely stand by the product,” Ray said.

He added that the Colorado judge denigrated his background unfairly and that he was misquoted and misinterpreted about discussing how he and engineers interpret call records. He said he has gone into the field to research how a cellphone will connect to certain cell sites, which an engineer would not need to do.

“In a way, I’m doing something the engineers don’t do to figure out how to do this better,” he said Friday, adding that the Trax software is “testable” by others.

It’s unclear how many law enforcement agencies currently use Trax, but Ray in 2022 said he provided training to more than 8,000 law enforcement officers, prosecutors and defense experts. LexisNexis purchased ZetX in 2021. The data analytics company said in a statement that it is “proud to support a broad range of law enforcement agencies,” but does not disclose customer information.

According to a background of Ray’s experience filed in court documents by Kohberger’s defense team, he ended his role as a director for LexisNexis Special Services last year.

He has also appeared on various true crime television shows, including NBC’s “Dateline,” and hosts a true crime podcast with his wife, “ Socialite Crime Club ,” in which they “discuss their involvement in criminal cases from around the world and what it takes to solve complex investigations.”

Idaho alibi

In a 10-page filing Wednesday signed by Anne Taylor, Kohberger’s lead public defender, his lawyers said they would call on Ray to help corroborate their client’s alibi.

At the time of the slayings, Kohberger was a doctoral student at Washington State University and living in Pullman, Washington, about 10 miles west of Moscow, Idaho, where the University of Idaho is located.

In an affidavit following Kohberger’s arrest weeks after the killings, prosecutors said he was linked to the scene through male DNA discovered on a knife sheath left at the victims’ apartment house.

In addition, investigators said, they tracked Kohberger in the area of the home through his cellphone use and surveillance that picked up a Hyundai Elantra that they believed he was driving.

Kohberher’s alibi defense said he would go for nighttime drives, and that those only increased during the school year.

“This is supported by data from Mr. Kohberger’s phone showing him in the countryside late at night and/or in the early morning on several occasions,” they wrote. “The phone data includes numerous photographs taken on several different late evenings and early mornings, including in November, depicting the night sky.”

In the early morning hours of Nov. 13, 2022, when Kaylee Goncalves, 21; Madison Mogen, 21; Xana Kernodle, 20; and Kernodle’s boyfriend, Ethan Chapin, 20, were killed, Kohberger “was out driving” in an area south of Pullman and west of Moscow.

But, the defense team added, Ray’s testimony intends to show that “Kohberger’s mobile device did not travel east on the Moscow-Pullman Highway in the early morning hours of November 13th, and thus could not be the vehicle captured on video along the Moscow-Pullman highway near Floyd’s Cannabis shop.”

They said that Ray would be able to share further analysis that would be based on discovery provided by the prosecution, but if such information is “not disclosed, Mr. Ray’s testimony will also reveal that critical exculpatory evidence, further corroborating Mr. Kohberger’s alibi, was either not preserved or has been withheld.”

Prosecutors had said in its affidavit that a search warrant provided Kohberger’s cellphone data for the 24 hours before and after the incident, and it showed that he left his home two hours before the killings and then turned his phone off, only to turn it on again afterward, when it was seen traveling from Idaho to Pullman.

A grand jury last May indicted Kohberger on four counts of murder and burglary, and a judge entered a not guilty plea on his behalf.

A trial was expected to begin last October, but has been delayed, with a change of venue hearing scheduled for June 27.

Cellphone analysis

While further detail about how Ray would support the defense’s alibi claim is unclear, the use of such cellphone mapping technology and forensics has become a sought-after capability in legal proceedings, experts say, as prosecutors attempt to prove a defendant was at the scene of a crime. Defense teams as well may bring on their own experts to refute law enforcement’s analysis.

Kevin Horan, a retired FBI agent and co-founder of Precision Cellular Analysis, an Ohio-based firm that consults in legal cases, said mapping software generally works the same: It matches cell site information, known as call detail records, with a list of cell towers, and plots it onto a map.

He said analysts can determine from which side, or sector, of a cell tower a cellphone utilized. In criminal cases, he added, investigators can use that information to analyze whether the phone was in a certain vicinity of where the crime happened.

“Ultimately the question of where the phone was during the date and time in question is answered by the jury, who must decide based on all available evidence if the defendant and his phone were at the crime scene,” Horan said. “Cellphone evidence like this simply helps the jury draw these types of conclusions. A properly trained cellphone expert will never testify that, based on the cell data, the defendant or his phone were at a crime scene.”

Horan said Ray’s Trax mapping software has stood out from other programs because it includes an estimated coverage area of a cell site, which he finds “highly problematic and misleading,” and that only a “drive test” in which scanning gear is used can help determine a cell site’s full coverage area.

Ray said the company he founded has a database in which every cell site in the U.S. — hundreds of thousands — have been mapped, updated over time and archived.

“We’ve been drive-testing since 2014, and every drive test we do, we archive,” Ray said. “Nobody will ever be able to drive-test every cell site. It’s an impossible task.”

Horan said in general it’s imperative for the data collected to be accurate and interpreted correctly.

“People’s lives, their liberty, is on the line, and we certainly don’t want to convict someone who’s innocent or use evidence that’s questionable and could come back at a later time,” he said.

Erik Ortiz is a senior reporter for NBC News Digital focusing on racial injustice and social inequality.

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Bryan Kohberger, charged in the slayings of 4 Idaho college students, wants cameras out of courtroom

Bryan Kohberger, right, who is accused of killing four University of Idaho students in November 2022, sits with Anne Taylor, left, one of his attorneys, during a hearing in Latah County District Court, Wednesday, Sept. 13, 2023, in Moscow, Idaho. (AP Photo/Ted S. Warren, Pool)

Bryan Kohberger, second from left, who is accused of killing four University of Idaho students in November 2022, is escorted out of the courtroom as two of his attorneys, Anne Taylor, second from right, and Jay Logsdon, right, confer following a hearing in Latah County District Court, Wednesday, Sept. 13, 2023, in Moscow, Idaho. (AP Photo/Ted S. Warren, Pool)

Bryan Kohberger, who is accused of killing four University of Idaho students in November 2022, holds his hands together as he appears at a hearing in Latah County District Court, Wednesday, Sept. 13, 2023, in Moscow, Idaho. (AP Photo/Ted S. Warren, Pool)

Wendy Olson, right, an attorney representing a coalition of news organizations including The Associated Press, talks to reporters after a hearing in Latah County District Court, Wednesday, Sept. 13, 2023, in Moscow, Idaho, after Olson asked Second District Judge John C. Judge to continue to allow cameras in the courtroom in the trial of Bryan Kohberger, who is accused of killing four University of Idaho students in November 2022. (AP Photo/Ted S. Warren)

Wendy Olson, center, an attorney representing a coalition of news organizations including The Associated Press, talks to reporters after a hearing in Latah County District Court, Wednesday, Sept. 13, 2023, in Moscow, Idaho, after Olson asked Second District Judge John C. Judge to continue to allow cameras in the courtroom in the trial of Bryan Kohberger, who is accused of killing four University of Idaho students in November 2022. (AP Photo/Ted S. Warren)

Bryan Kohberger enters the courtroom for a hearing, Friday, Aug. 18, 2023, at the Latah County Courthouse in Moscow., Idaho. Kohberger is accused of killing four University of Idaho students in November 2022. (August Frank/The Lewiston Tribune via AP, Pool)

Bryan Kohberger watches proceedings during a hearing, Friday, Aug. 18, 2023, at the Latah County Courthouse in Moscow., Idaho. Kohberger is accused of killing four University of Idaho students in November 2022. (August Frank/The Lewiston Tribune via AP, Pool)

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BOISE, Idaho (AP) — Attorneys for a man accused of stabbing four University of Idaho students to death late last year want cameras banned from the courtroom, contending that news coverage of the criminal proceedings has violated a judge’s orders and threatens his right to a fair trial.

Bryan Kohberger is charged with four counts of murder in connection with the deaths at a rental house near the university campus in Moscow, Idaho, last November. A judge entered a not-guilty plea on Kohberger’s behalf earlier this year. Latah County Prosecutor Bill Thompson has said he intends to seek the death penalty, and the case is scheduled for trial this fall, although it could be postponed.

Kohberger was a graduate student studying criminology at Washington State University, which is a short drive from the scene of the killings across the state border. He was arrested at his parents’ home in Pennsylvania, and the unusual details of the case have drawn widespread interest.

Second District Judge John Judge heard arguments over camera access Wednesday afternoon.

Kohberger’s defense attorney Jay Logsdon said the courtroom photos and videos have been misused, dehumanizing Kohberger and risking his right to a fair trial. He said the defense team is also concerned that the videos and photos could expose the private notes and records on the defense table, potentially revealing information that is protected under attorney-client privilege laws.

“The court, I think, understands our concern about turning this into a spectacle,” Logsdon said, and allowing photos and video “turns it into more of a TV show drama than a court proceeding.”

He acknowledged that news outlets and others would likely reuse older court images if cameras were banned, but said that would limit the novelty of the case.

“I don’t think we can underestimate the power of novelty,” Logsdon said, likening new photos from court to new internet memes that sometimes go viral. “Removing this almost ‘side-show’ from what’s being put out there, we think, would be an important way to try to take away the sensationalism of this case and hopefully reduce it to just the words on the page.”

Wendy Olson, the attorney representing a coalition of news media groups covering the case including The Associated Press, said the news organizations have carefully followed the judge’s orders about photos and videos in the courtroom. Video and photo coverage of the court proceedings dramatically increase public access and understanding about the case, she said, and Idaho’s rules about how cameras can be used in court already include tools to protect the right to a fair trial.

But 2nd District Judge John Judge appeared skeptical of that claim. The criminal case isn’t entertainment — it’s a tragedy, he said.

The pool camera operators are not the problem, he said, but the way the images are used by others is troubling.

“It’s where that film goes and how it is manipulated, and how people — commentators — how they talk about it, how they explain it. And a lot of times it is not very accurate,” he said. “This information, misinformation, is pumped out along with the images and the films. So how do we deal with that?”

The best approach is to ensure there are cameras in the courtroom so responsible news consumers and members of the public have a clear and consistent record of the facts, Olson said. Taking away that record means “talking heads” will be able to disseminate misinformation unchecked.

“The answer is not less sunshine, it’s more,” she said.

Judge said he was considering taking an approach that would be similar a the setup C-SPAN sometimes uses to cover Congress, with a camera staged at the back of the courtroom.

“Maybe that can just satisfy everybody, just partly,” Judge said. “I thought that might be a way to kind of give a little, and kind of protect what we’re trying to protect. I’ve never seen anything very sensational on C-SPAN.”

He said he would issue a ruling later, and that it would involve “a lot of balancing.”

“I’m going to try to figure out and do the right thing for both the public and the parties and the rule of law,” Judge said.

The bodies of Madison Mogen, Kaylee Goncalves, Xana Kernodle and Ethan Chapin were found Nov. 13, 2022, at a home across the street from the University of Idaho campus. Investigators pieced together DNA evidence , cellphone data and surveillance video that they say links Kohberger to the slayings.

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I.C.C. Prosecutor Requests Warrants for Israeli and Hamas Leaders

The move sets up a possible showdown between the international court and israel with its biggest ally, the united states..

This transcript was created using speech recognition software. While it has been reviewed by human transcribers, it may contain errors. Please review the episode audio before quoting from this transcript and email [email protected] with any questions.

From “The New York Times,” I’m Sabrina Tavernise, and this is “The Daily.”

[MUSIC PLAYING]

Earlier this week, the top prosecutor of the International Criminal Court requested arrest warrants for Israel’s prime minister and its defense minister. The move shocked Israelis and set up a possible showdown between the world’s top criminal court and Israel, together with its biggest ally, the United States. Today, my colleague, Jerusalem Bureau Chief Patrick Kingsley, explains.

It’s Thursday, May 23rd.

So, Patrick, earlier this week, there was a pretty surprising announcement by the International Criminal Court in The Hague. It had to do with Israel and Hamas. Tell us what happened.

Well, on Monday morning, we were all taken by surprise by an announcement from the chief prosecutor at the ICC, the International Criminal Court, the top criminal court in the world. It tries individuals accused of war crimes. And the chief prosecutor announced that he was requesting arrest warrants for five individuals involved in the war between Israel and Hamas for crimes against humanity. Three of them were from Hamas — Yahya Sinwar, the head of Hamas within Gaza, the Hamas military commander, and the political leader of Hamas, who’s based in Qatar.

But maybe the biggest news in this announcement was that the chief prosecutor was seeking the arrest of two of Israel’s top leaders — Benjamin Netanyahu, the prime minister, and Yoav Gallant, the defense minister. And this was a massive bombshell. These two men are leaders from a major US ally. They’re in regular contact with the US government, and they were being implicitly equated with the three top leaders of an organization, Hamas, that many consider a terrorist organization. And this equation sent shockwaves through Israeli society and, indeed, around the world.

So this is absolutely remarkable, Patrick. I mean, I, for one, was quite surprised by seeing this. I want to dig into it with you. So who is this prosecutor behind these requests for these warrants? And how did he reach this decision to go for them in the first place?

So the prosecutor’s name is Karim Khan, and he is a British lawyer, a British barrister. He is 54. He’s led a very impressive career. He has spent years working on human rights cases, both defending people and also prosecuting in such cases.

He was involved in tribunals related to the wars surrounding the breakup of the former Yugoslavia, Rwanda. He investigated Islamic State crimes in Iraq. And in 2021, he is appointed the top prosecutor at the ICC.

And what are his responsibilities as top prosecutor?

Well, it’s his job to travel the world and investigate allegations of human rights abuses, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and in the process, plays a key role in deciding who gets prosecuted at the International Criminal Court. The ICC and the ICC prosecutor investigates and tries people who would not be pursued by the judicial system within their countries of origin. It steps in when it seems like the domestic authorities in any given country are not doing their job.

And last year, he famously went after President Putin in Russia in connection with the war in Ukraine.

So at what point did this prosecutor, Karim Khan, turn his attention to Israel and Gaza?

Well, he actually inherits an investigation from his predecessor that’s looking at Israel’s conduct and also that of Hamas during a previous war in 2014 between the two sides. But then that gets superseded on October 7th by the horrors that we saw that day committed by Hamas and then by the scale and damage caused by Israel’s bombing campaign in its counterattack.

And we begin to see not only revulsion and horror at what Hamas had done in early October, but also growing criticism and condemnation of what Israel and its Air Force did in its response. You’ll remember that earlier this year, the International Court of Justice, a separate court also in The Hague, began to address claims that Israel was and is committing a genocide in Gaza, a claim that Israel strongly denies.

Right. That was the case that South Africa brought. We did an episode about that.

Yes, exactly. So as the world’s attention focuses on this new conflict, so does Karim Khan’s.

Also today, the International Criminal Court’s Chief Prosecutor, Karim Khan, QC, has wrapped up a visit to Israel and the occupied West Bank.

Khan has visited the region to investigate if war crimes were committed on October 7th.

We start to see him arrive in Israel visiting some of the sites that Hamas attacked last year, talking to survivors, talking to leaders, reviewing security camera footage, and so on.

I have just come from the border of the Rafah crossing, and we could see Gaza, at least we could see cranes that were on the territory of Gaza.

And he also visited the Rafah crossing between Egypt and Gaza, talks to Palestinians.

At the Ministry of Justice in Ramallah, the chief prosecutor of the world’s highest court.

He goes to the Israeli occupied West Bank, to Ramallah, where the Palestinian Authority is based, building up evidence that led to this announcement on Monday.

Today, I’m filing applications for warrants of arrest before Pre-Trial Chamber I of the International Criminal Court.

And he makes this very dramatic announcement in a video.

My office has diligently collected evidence and interviewed survivors and eyewitnesses at the scene of at least six major attack locations.

Flanked on each side by two of his deputies.

I have reasonable grounds to believe that three senior leaders of Hamas, Yahya Sinwar, Mohammed DEIF and Ismail Haniyeh, bear criminal responsibility for the following international crimes.

And the accusations that he makes against the three Hamas leaders focus on the violent actions that Hamas took on October 7th.

Extermination as a crime against humanity. Murder as a crime against humanity.

And he walked through a long list of charges stemming from the extraordinary violence during that attack.

The taking of hostages as a war crime. Rape and other acts of sexual violence during captivity.

And he says there are reasonable grounds to believe that hostages taken from Israel have been subject to sexual violence, including rape, while being held in captivity. And he cites assessment of medical records, video, and documentary evidence, as well as interviews with victims and survivors.

And I repeat and underline my call for the immediate release of all hostages taken from Israel and for their immediate safe return to their families.

So this prosecutor sees the atrocities on October 7th and then what followed with Hamas taking the hostages, abusing them, as crimes against humanity. That’s what it amounted to in his view?

And what about the charges against the Israelis?

These are slightly different.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Minister of Defense Yoav Gallant bear criminal responsibility for the following international crimes.

Obviously, a lot of the outcry and horror at the war in Gaza has centered around Israel’s airstrikes that have killed tens of thousands of Gazans. But Karim Khan focuses not on the military actions of Benjamin Netanyahu and Yoav Gallant, his defense minister, but on the accusation of —

Starvation of civilians as a method of warfare.

— starvation. The idea that Israel has allegedly sought to restrict and block aid deliveries, food supplies to Gaza with the intent to starve the civilian population there.

These individuals, through a common plan, have systematically deprived the civilian population of Gaza of objects indispensable to human survival.

And that’s primarily based on the fact that for the first two weeks of the war, until October 21st or so, Israel blocked all aid entry to Gaza after Yoav Gallant, the defense minister, one of these two Israelis whose arrests Mr. Khan seeks, said that he was imposing a total siege on Gaza — no food, no fuel, no electricity. And while that total siege was eased towards the end of October, Khan also notes that there have been continuing restrictions on essential supplies, like food and medicine, ever since.

That conduct took place alongside attacks that killed civilians, the obstruction of aid delivery by humanitarian organizations, and attacks on aid workers that forced many of those same humanitarian organizations to either cease operations or limit their life-saving efforts in Gaza.

The implication is that the famine that he says is present in some areas of Gaza and imminent in other areas is in part the responsibility of Netanyahu and Gallant.

That starvation has caused and continues to cause deaths, malnutrition, dehydration, and profound suffering among the population. My office charges Netanyahu and Gallant as co-perpetrators and as superiors in the commission of these alleged crimes.

Why is the focus of these charges starvation? I mean, given that the airstrikes, as you say, were in many ways really the focus of this war and certainly the focus of the world’s attention on this war, the civilian deaths from the military operation. Why starvation?

Karim Khan does not explain why he focuses on starvation rather than Israel’s military tactics, which he mentions only in passing. But legal experts have said that it’s easier to prove that starvation was used as a method of warfare than it is to prove that there have been any specific crimes involved in any specific airstrikes. And that’s because under the rules of war and international law, it’s not necessarily illegal in and of itself to kill civilians during wartime. If a military assesses, with the help of military lawyers, that the likely civilian death toll caused by that strike is proportional to the value of the military target, then that, in many cases, will be in accordance with the rules of war. If a military can prove that sense of proportionality, then it’s actually quite hard to prove that there was any crime committed in the process.

So in other words, military actions are often weighed quite carefully. In the case of, say, a modern military like Israel’s or the United States, there are lawyers that look at these things. It’s not necessarily so easy to prove that something was disproportionate and should be considered a crime.

Exactly. Whereas with the crime of starvation, legal experts say that it’s potentially easier to prove that there was some wrongdoing there because Yoav Gallant, the Israeli Defense Minister, went on record in a public statement, and he announced that there would be a total siege on the territory of Gaza. And that was followed by an action, the action of closing off Gaza’s borders for the next two weeks, and no aid was allowed in. During that time, there were restrictions on electricity, water, fuel, as well as food. And that’s why legal experts think that Karim Khan has gone after Israel with the crime of starvation rather than focusing on their military operations.

But I suppose just thinking about our coverage, Patrick, and the conversations you and I have had, famine and starvation and a civilian population in extreme distress trapped in a small piece of territory is also not a small thing, right? That is also something that makes sense that the court would be considering.

Absolutely, it’s a huge thing. People don’t have to be hit by an airstrike to be living through an absolutely catastrophic situation.

So these charges really seem to spell bad news for Israel and for these two Israeli leaders, Netanyahu and Gallant. And it’s remarkable because these are men who, as you say, are some of America’s closest allies. I mean, they’re, you know, at the Pentagon. They’re having meetings with President Biden. And now, the chief prosecutor of the ICC is saying that they are war criminals.

Yes, it is a very dramatic moment in the view of some people, a turning point, and certainly, we can say that it is one of the harshest rebukes of Israel’s wartime conduct since October 7th.

But within Israel, there’s been a very different reaction. And it’s not all bad news for Benjamin Netanyahu.

We’ll be right back.

So, Patrick, what do Israelis make of this announcement?

Within Israel, the reaction has been very different. Whether it’s Netanyahu’s allies or his critics, there has been almost uniform outrage that the prosecutor for the ICC would make these accusations. And it means that at a time of rising domestic criticism of Prime Minister Netanyahu across the political spectrum, with only a very few exceptions, everyone has rallied behind Netanyahu and Gallant. Despite the fact that Netanyahu is increasingly unpopular and even within his own government, there have been growing criticism of his wartime strategy.

For example, just two days before the prosecutor’s announcement, one of the senior members of his own wartime cabinet, Benny Gantz, issued Netanyahu with an ultimatum, warning him that he would quit the government if he did not spell out a plan for a post-war Gaza. Then, suddenly, the announcement comes from Karim Khan that Netanyahu and Gallant are under investigation. And Gantz is one of the first to come out with a condemnation of Karim Khan and a defense of the Israeli government. That is the clearest example of how even critics of Netanyahu have fallen in line, circled the wagons, and presented a united front.

This is really interesting. So this action by the prosecutor has kind of had the effect of actually closing divisions that were starting to appear in Israeli society, effectively bringing Netanyahu’s critics kind of back into his camp, or at least making it harder to criticize him.

Exactly. And Israelis, in general, feel that Israel has always been targeted unfairly, held to a higher standard than many other countries, and that this is, once again, another example of that, another example of Israel being accused of things that other countries do but get away with. And there have been broadly three criticisms from the Israelis of the ICC prosecutor.

First, the Israeli claim is that the ICC prosecutor is making a horrible false equivalence between Hamas, a terrorist organization, and Israel, a democratic state. Hamas raided Israel and launched the bloodiest attack on Jews in a single day since the Holocaust. Israel, in the eyes of Israelis, is fighting a righteous response to protect their citizens and to win back the liberty of the hostages that were captured on October 7th.

This guy is out to demonize Israel. He’s doing a hit job.

And Netanyahu himself articulated some of the clearest versions of this argument when he went on American television.

He’s creating false symmetry, false facts, and he’s doing a grave injustice to the International Court.

And he called Khan’s decision absurd, an effort to demonize Israel and to hold it to far higher standards than any other country. He said it would have been as if after 9/11 —

That’s like saying after 9/11, well, I’m issuing arrest warrants for George Bush, but also for bin Laden.

— arrest warrants had been issued for both Osama bin Laden and George Bush.

Or after, in World War II, well, I’m issuing arrest warrants for FDR, but also for Hitler. It’s a hit job. It’s not serious. He’s out to defame Israel, and he’s also pouring gasoline —

The second criticism from Israelis has been about process. The ICC was created about two decades ago by a treaty. More than 120 countries have signed that treaty, but Israel has not. And Israel contends that the prosecutor doesn’t have the authority, therefore, to go after Israeli political leaders.

Israelis also say that Khan didn’t spend enough time assessing whether Israel was itself investigating these allegations within its own judicial system. Remember that the ICC is a court of last resort. It’s only supposed to intervene when a domestic judicial system is genuinely not making any effort to investigate the alleged crime.

And Israelis are saying that Khan didn’t spend enough time investigating Gallant and Netanyahu. The ICC prosecutors have spent 10 years investigating alleged crimes committed during a previous war between Israel and Hamas, but this decision has been issued within just a few months. And Israelis are saying that Khan jumped the gun in that sense.

So the Israelis are saying, look, we’re trying to get to it, but you just didn’t give us enough time.

Exactly. And they’ve even said that Khan’s team was supposed to be coming this very week to continue that conversation and assess whether Israel was genuinely looking into these allegations by itself. And that they misled Israel by pretending that they would be making that assessment when, in fact, all along they were planning to request arrest warrants.

Interesting. So for Israeli officials, they’re seeing it as a kind of activist thing, as opposed to a neutral judicial decision.

That’s their claim, at least. The prosecutor’s office says that they have tried to sincerely engage with Israel on this issue, but that it’s become clear to them that Israel does not seriously investigate this kind of crime.

So you said, there are three elements to this. What’s the last?

The third and last element is on the content of the claim itself. Israel flatly denies that it is responsible for the humanitarian crisis in Gaza. It even denies that there is a famine or that the situation is on the point of a famine. It points out all the ways in which it has worked to get much more aid into Gaza since October, including opening more crossings, allowing the US to create a pier on the shoreline of Gaza. It’s allowed some countries to airdrop aid. And certainly, the amount of aid that has gone in recent months has dwarfed the amount that was going in October and November.

And while it accepts that its soldiers have obstructed and, at times, even killed aid workers, it says that that obscures the fact that it coordinates every day in detail with aid groups to facilitate thousands of aid missions every month.

Isn’t Israel’s argument that these shipments could also include things that could be very useful for Hamas, the group that just killed 1,200 of its citizens?

Exactly. No one’s disputing, least of all Israel, that Israeli officials are examining all the aid going into Gaza. The dispute is about whether that’s necessary. Israel says it is. It says that if it didn’t check, then some of these aid convoys might be smuggling in weapons or material that could be used to fight Israel, to kill Israeli civilians. And that, therefore, Israel has no choice but to examine some of these goods going in. Again, the counterargument is that Israel’s checks are far more stringent than they need to be and end up preventing the entry of everyday items that pose no military threat.

OK, so that’s the Israeli perspective. How does the United States see the prosecutor’s request here? I mean, the US, obviously, Israel’s biggest ally.

Well, the American president, President Biden, condemned it in no uncertain terms. He said the prosecutor’s decision was outrageous. And he condemned him for drawing an implicit equivalence between Hamas and the leaders of the state of Israel.

And why did Biden come out so strongly against the prosecutor? We know that humanitarian aid has been a major concern for this administration. So why would Biden be so opposed to something that really is calling out Israel for this aid?

First of all, because Israel is a major ally of the United States, and the United States wants to show support for its ally. Second of all, they fear that this kind of criticism, this kind of intervention, will actually make Israel less, rather than more, likely to bring the war to a halt, because the feeling is that it will make Israel more defensive and in turn batten down the hatches.

The third reason is that the United States, historically, has never been a particular fan of the International Criminal Court. We mentioned earlier that Israel did not sign the treaty that created the ICC. Well, the United States did not do that either. And that’s in part because American leaders fear that having an international global court undermines American sovereignty. They think it’s the role of the American judicial system to investigate American citizens.

And there is a fear that with the United States so active militarily in many parts of the world, that membership of the court, involvement in the court could pave the way for American soldiers being tried for acting on behalf of the United States. And that could somehow dent American foreign policy goals across the world.

OK, so the United States doesn’t really like this court, you know, has troops in a lot of places, doesn’t want a court swooping in and prosecuting them when something goes wrong. But I guess the question then, in my mind, Patrick, is does what this prosecutor is doing matter? I mean, America is not a signatory. Israel is not a signatory. So why is this important?

Well, for the time being, its meaning is more symbolic than anything else. First, Karim Khan has not issued an arrest warrant. He has requested an arrest warrant for these five people. And three judges will now spend weeks and possibly months deciding whether to uphold those requests. That process can be less than a month. In the case of Vladimir Putin, it was just shy of a month. President Bashir of Sudan was issued with a warrant. That process took roughly a year.

When and if they do do that, however, there will be practical effects. If an arrest warrant is issued, it means that any country that’s a member of the International Criminal Court, in theory, should arrest any of these individuals if they enter their territory. That includes more than 120 countries all over the world, much of Europe, Latin America, Africa, and so on. Yes, it’s true that the United States and Israel are not signatories, and neither are Turkey or Qatar, two of the countries where Hamas officials spend much of their time when they’re outside Gaza. So there will still be places for officials on either side of these accusations to travel to.

But there are lots of other countries, like France, Italy, both places where Benjamin Netanyahu traveled in the past year, where, in theory, they will not be able to set foot.

So the negotiations over the war can still continue, but if Netanyahu travels to France or to Italy, he could be arrested, which is pretty wild.

Yes, at least that’s the theory. The national authorities in any given country still have to make a choice about whether they want to follow through with it.

But would those countries perhaps not arrest him out of deference to the United States?

I think the expectation is that if we got into this scenario, then someone like Netanyahu simply just wouldn’t travel to such a country. But the truth is, we just don’t really know. We are entering unchartered waters.

So this is really isolating Netanyahu in the world. Should it go forward?

Yes, isolating Netanyahu and to some extent Israel itself. And it has not just practical implications for the physical movement of Netanyahu and his defense minister, Gallant, but it also compounds Israel’s relationship with foreign allies. It complicates Israel’s ability to arm itself. More countries may grow more unwilling to sell Israel arms, or at least they’ll face growing pressure because of this decision not to do so.

And it also could force the country to become ever more reliant on the United States as it becomes more of a pariah over its actions in Gaza.

Which, of course, puts the United States in an even trickier position with an ally who’s been pretty hard to be friends with of late.

Right. And in truth, while the practical consequences of this move are still unknown, they do, in general, compound the sense that Israel is facing more and more diplomatic consequences for its actions. More than a decade ago, a former Israeli prime minister warned that Israel would face what he called a diplomatic tsunami if its conflict with the Palestinians went unresolved.

And it’s possible that years later we’re starting to finally see what he meant. Israel does still have its supporters, many of them, but we’re also now seeing during this war a level of criticism that goes above and beyond the kind that we’ve grown used to seeing directed at Israel over the years.

In addition to the warrant requests we’ve seen this week, we’ve obviously had an extraordinary wave of protests on American campuses and elsewhere in the world. And earlier this year, we had a watershed moment when the International Court of Justice began hearing accusations of genocide against Israel. And this week, several European countries recognized Palestine as a state.

So if the tsunami hasn’t yet arrived, we can at least say that the waves are getting stronger.

Patrick, thank you.

Thank you. [MUSIC PLAYING]

On Wednesday, the leaders of Spain, Norway, and Ireland announced that they would recognize an independent Palestinian state. The move was largely symbolic, but raised the concern that if neighboring countries followed their lead, Europe could become a counterweight to the American position that statehood for Palestinians should come only from a negotiated settlement with Israel.

Here’s what else you should know today. Nikki Haley, the former United Nations ambassador who dropped her Republican presidential bid in March, said on Wednesday that she would vote for Donald Trump but stopped short of officially endorsing him. Haley was Trump’s longest standing rival in the 2024 primary contest and had carved out an important lane for herself as the voice for voters looking for an alternative to the former president. Her decision on whether to endorse him could play a pivotal role in the race. Haley has built a formidable network of high-dollar donors and a solid base of college-educated voters that Trump needs to win.

And the city of Uvalde, Texas, has reached a settlement with most of the families of children who were shot by a gunman at Robb Elementary School in 2022. To avert a lawsuit, the city promised to overhaul the city’s police force, create a permanent memorial to the victims, and pay $2 million.

Today’s episode was produced by Will Reid and Diana Nguyen with help from Shannon Lin. It was edited by Liz O. Baylen with help from Michael Benoist, contains original music by Elisheba Ittoop, Marion Lozano, and Pat McCusker, and was engineered by Alyssa Moxley. Our theme music is by Jim Brunberg and Ben Landsverk of Wonderly.

That’s it for “The Daily.” I’m Sabrina Tavernise. See you tomorrow.

• May 29, 2024   •   29:46 The Closing Arguments in the Trump Trial
• May 28, 2024   •   25:56 The Alitos and Their Flags
• May 24, 2024   •   25:18 Whales Have an Alphabet
• May 23, 2024   •   34:24 I.C.C. Prosecutor Requests Warrants for Israeli and Hamas Leaders
• May 22, 2024   •   23:20 Biden’s Open War on Hidden Fees
• May 21, 2024   •   24:14 The Crypto Comeback
• May 20, 2024   •   31:51 Was the 401(k) a Mistake?
• May 19, 2024   •   33:23 The Sunday Read: ‘Why Did This Guy Put a Song About Me on Spotify?’
• May 17, 2024   •   51:10 The Campus Protesters Explain Themselves
• May 16, 2024   •   30:47 The Make-or-Break Testimony of Michael Cohen
• May 15, 2024   •   27:03 The Possible Collapse of the U.S. Home Insurance System
• May 14, 2024   •   35:20 Voters Want Change. In Our Poll, They See It in Trump.

Hosted by Sabrina Tavernise

Featuring Patrick Kingsley

Produced by Will Reid ,  Diana Nguyen and Shannon M. Lin

Edited by Liz O. Baylen and Michael Benoist

Original music by Elisheba Ittoop

Engineered by Chris Wood

Listen and follow The Daily Apple Podcasts | Spotify | Amazon Music | YouTube

This week, Karim Khan, the top prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, requested arrest warrants for Israel’s prime minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, and the country’s defense minister, Yoav Gallant.

Patrick Kingsley, the Times’s bureau chief in Jerusalem, explains why this may set up a possible showdown between the court and Israel with its biggest ally, the United States.

On today’s episode

Patrick Kingsley , the Jerusalem bureau chief for The New York Times.

Background reading

Why did a prosecutor go public with the arrest warrant requests ?

The warrant request appeared to shore up domestic support for Mr. Netanyahu.

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Patrick Kingsley is The Times’s Jerusalem bureau chief, leading coverage of Israel, Gaza and the West Bank. More about Patrick Kingsley

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