travelling to canada as a british citizen

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• Passports, travel and living abroad
• Travel abroad
• Foreign travel advice

Entry requirements

This advice reflects the UK government’s understanding of current rules for people travelling on a full ‘British citizen’ passport from the UK, for the most common types of travel.

The authorities in Canada set and enforce entry rules. If you’re not sure how these requirements apply to you, contact Canada’s High Commission in the UK .

COVID-19 rules

Countries may restrict travel or bring in rules at short notice. Check with your travel company or airline for changes.

If you test positive for COVID-19, you may need to stay where you are until you test negative. You may also need to seek treatment there.

Visit TravelHealthPro (from the UK Health Security Agency) for general COVID-19 advice for travellers .

Travel to Canada

There are no COVID-19 testing or vaccination requirements for passengers entering Canada. Avoid travelling if you have symptoms of COVID-19. See the Government of Canada’s website for more information on COVID-19 and travel.

Public spaces and services

The Government of Canada recommends that all travellers wear a face mask on public transport.

You may be asked to wear a face mask indoors, such as in hospitals or on public transport. You may need proof of vaccination to visit settings such as care homes.

Local authorities in Canada can introduce restrictions or measures at short notice. Comply with the rules and advice of the local authorities. Check the COVID-19 guidance for each province and territory .

Passport validity requirements

Your passport must be valid for the duration of your stay.

Visa requirements

Most people need a visa or an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) to travel to Canada – not both.

You do not need a visa for short visits (normally up to six months). You will need an eTA instead. Check entry requirements and find out if you need a visa or an eTA for your visit using this tool.

You may need to provide fingerprints and photos at a visa application centre to apply for permanent residence or a study or work permit. Find out if you need to give biometrics. If you do need to give biometrics, see the list of biometrics collection points .

When you arrive, you must show that you have enough funds to support yourself during your stay, even if you are staying with family or friends.

Contact Canada’s High Commission in the UK if you are unsure about visa requirements or your eligibility to enter the country, for example, if you have a criminal record or have been arrested.

Electronic Travel Authorisation (eTA)

You must get an Electronic Travel Authorisation (eTA) to enter or transit Canada by air, unless you’re exempt. Read the list of exemptions on the ETA website . If you enter Canada by land or sea, you don’t need an eTA. However, you must travel with acceptable travel documents and identification .

If you have British-Canadian dual nationality, you cannot apply for an eTA. You need a valid Canadian passport instead.

The eTA website has information about the eTA system and how to apply .

Visa and eTA scams

Some  unauthorised websites  charge for submitting visa applications. These websites are not associated with the Government of Canada.

If you think you may have been a victim of a scam, use the eTA Check Status tool to confirm if your eTA is valid. If it has been 72 hours since you applied, and you have not received a confirmation of your application, complete this enquiry form .

Transiting through Canada

You must have a valid Electronic Travel Authorisation (eTA) to transit Canada, unless you are exempt.

If you have questions, contact:

• your airline
• Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
• your nearest Canadian high commission, embassy or consulate

Find out more about transiting Canada .

Travelling with children

If only one parent is present, carry a letter of consent from the non-travelling parent. Immigration officers have the right to question children using simple and appropriate language to see if there are any concerns about child abduction.

For further information, check with Canada’s High Commission in the UK or the Canada Border Services Agency .

Customs rules

There are strict rules about goods that can be taken into - and out - of Canada . You must declare anything that may be prohibited or subject to tax or duty.

Banned food products will be confiscated and you could be fined. Check the Canadian Food Inspection Agency website for more information.

If you visited a farm, or had contact with wild animals before entering Canada, and intend to visit a farm during your stay, you must complete the relevant section in your Customs Declaration Card. For more information, see the Government of Canada’s website on biosecurity .

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eTA Canada for British Citizens

Over 700,000 Brits visit Canada each year on average, so it is vitally important that they know how to authorise their trip .

The Canadian eTA was introduced in 2015 by Canadian immigration as a better way of organizing the assessment of visitors and determining their right to enter the country before they travel.

There are over fifty countries whose citizens are exempt from a Canadian visa under this scheme, including the United Kingdom. This means British nationals can apply for an eTA for Canada instead of needing to obtain a Canada tourist visa for British citizens .

Do I need a visa or eTA to travel to Canada from UK?

British visitors must have a valid Canada electronic travel authorization when entering the country by air .

Brits do not need an eTA to enter Canada by car, bus, train, or by boat (including on a cruise ship). They may be allowed to enter visa-free for short-term visits or will need a visa for longer or permanent stays.

British travellers flying into Canada are advised to apply before their departure date to Canada. The eTA must approved to board a flight from the UK to Canada.

What can British travellers use their Canada eTA for?

The Canada eTA for British citizens grants entry to Canada for the purposes of:

• Tourism, especially short tourist stays
• Business trips
• Transiting through Canada to an onward destination
• Medical treatment or consultation

UK passport holders can use their Canadian eTA for multiple trips to Canada over a 5-year period (or until their passport expires).

British citizens who have received the eTA are able to transit through Canada without a visa, provided they are entering and leaving by air. Individuals who do not qualify for the eTA will need a transit visa.

Canada visa requirements from the UK

There are several requirements necessary in order to apply for the Canada eTA . All applicants must have:

• A British passport valid for at least 6 months from the date of travel
• A valid credit or debit card to pay the fee
• A current email address

The eTA is linked to the specific UK passport used in the application and cannot be transferred.

Travellers who hold dual citizenship with the UK and another country must apply for the Canada eTA using the same passport they will use to travel .

Immigration officials will decide on arrival at the border for how long the eTA holder is allowed to remain in Canada, usually a stay of up to six months for each trip.

Documents required for a Canadian tourist visa for British

British citizens eligible for the eTA need to complete the simple online application form and provide some basic personal details, including:

• Nationality
• Passport details, including passport number
• Passport issue date and expiry date

Prior to submitting their application online , travellers need to answer several security and health-related questions. It is a good idea to check all information provided on the form, as mistakes or inconsistencies can lead to the Canada eTA being delayed or rejected .

There is also an eTA fee that must be paid online using either debit card or credit card.

British visitors need to have an electronic passport that is machine-readable since the eTA functions electronically. British passports issued in the last ten years should all be machine-readable, but travellers who are uncertain can check their documents by contacting the HM Passport Office in the UK.

Canada visa for UK passport holders

Trips to Canada under the eTA may not last more than 6 months , and UK visitors are not allowed to stay beyond the allotted period.

Brits must therefore apply for a Canadian visa for the following:

• To stay longer than 6 months
• To enter Canada for work, study, or other reasons not permitted with the eTA

It is necessary to be a full UK citizen in order to apply for the Canada eTA . Travellers who hold permanent British residence or another status such as refugees may need to apply for a Canadian visa unless they also hold a passport from another visa-exempt country.

eTA Canada application for British citizens

Online application

Fill out the online eTA application form and upload documents in electronic format

Pay the eTA Canada fee with Credit or Debit Card

Receive ETA Canada

Receive Approved ETA by email

British nationals visiting Canada who have already finalised their travel plans must submit the eTA application at least 3 days before travel to allow time for their form to be processed and the eTA to be approved and sent.

UK citizens who urgently need an eTA to travel to Canada are able to take advantage of the new rush eTA processing option , which guarantees that the eTA will be processed within 60 minutes of submitting an application. To obtain a rush approval, applicants must select ‘Urgent guaranteed processing in less than 1 hour’ when paying the eTA fee.

The process for applying is fast and straightforward . Once approved, the eTA will be delivered to the applicant via email safely and electronically. Provided you have an internet connection, it is possible to apply for the eTA from anywhere in the world, using a desktop computer, tablet or mobile device.

The eTA Canada is automatically added to the applicant's passport , so Canadian eTA is no need to print to show at the airport. The authorization is valid for a period of five years from the date of issue.

Embassy registration for British travellers

With close historical ties to Canada, the UK has a strong diplomatic presence in the country. As well as the British High Commission in Ottowa , there are Consulate-Generals in the following major cities:

This is especially helpful since more Brits visit Canada than any other country apart from the USA, with 100,000s travelling annually according to Statistics Canada.

Travellers can now register to receive updates and information from the British High Commission in Canada. Using this service helps visitors keep up to date with all the latest travel news and advisories from the UK government.

• Enjoy peace of mind on a trip to Canada.
• Make planning a visit to Canada easier by receiving essential safety information and advice from the UK Government.
• Get traced quickly by the authorities in the event of an emergency, such as a natural disaster in the country.
• Allow family and friends to get in contact fast in case an emergency occurs back home.

British passengers can register for this service when they apply for a Canada eTA via this website. All visitors need to do is select the British Embassy registration option on the payment page.

FAQs about the Canada Visa for British citizens

How long can a british citizen stay in canada.

To enter Canada by air, British nationals should register for a Canadian eTA before departure.

UK passport holders with an approved eTA can stay in Canada for up to 6 months for business or tourism purposes. Although the exact length of time permitted can vary, the majority of British citizens are granted the maximum 180-day stay.

A Canadian eTA is also needed for a UK national to transit through a Canadian airport when arriving and leaving by air.

British people who wish to stay in Canada for longer than 6 months should obtain the relevant visa depending on the purpose of their trip.

Do I need an eTA every time I travel to Canada?

British citizens need to have an approved Canada eTA in order to enter Canada.

Conveniently, the Electronic Travel Authorization for Canada is multiple-entry. This means that tourists and business people from the UK can leave and reenter Canada as necessary whilst the visa remains valid.

It is not necessary to apply for eTA before each visit however each stay must not exceed the maximum number of days permitted.

On approval, the eTA is linked to the British passport electronically. This means that, if the passport expires, no further entries can be made using the travel authorization. In this case, it is necessary to reapply for eTA using the renewed travel document.

Can British citizens travel to Canada?

It is currently possible to travel to Canada for vacation, business or to visit friends and family, subject to specific requirements.

However, due to COVID-19, travel advice is subject to rapid change so we recommend that you frequently review Canada's current entry restrictions and requirements.

Do British children need a Canada eTA?

Yes, all British citizens, including children and infants, must have a valid eTA to enter Canada. Parents or legal guardians can apply for an eTA on behalf of their children.

Can I apply for a Canada eTA on behalf of another British citizen?

Yes, you can apply on behalf of another person, such as a family member or a friend. You will need their passport information and email address, as well as their consent to apply on their behalf.

What if my Canada eTA application is denied?

If your eTA application is denied, the most likely scenario is that you entered some of the details incorrectly. You are more than welcome to retry, taking care not to make any mistakes.

If you are not eligible, you may need to apply for a visitor visa instead. To understand the reason for the denial and what steps to take next, you should contact the Government of Canada.

Can all types of British nationals get a Canada eTA?

Most types of British nationals can obtain a Canadian eTA and thereby avoid getting a visa.

Eligible types of British nationals include:

• UK passport holders
• Jersey passport holders
• Guernsey passport holders
• Manx (Isle of Man) passport holders
• British overseas citizen (re-admissible to the UK)
• British National (Overseas) passport holders
• British Subject with a right of abode in the UK

The following British Overseas Territories citizens are also eligible:

• British Virgin Islands
• Cayman Islands
• Falkland Islands (Malvinas)
• Pitcairn Island
• Saint Helena
• Turks and Caicos Islands

The following types of British nationals cannot register for the Canada eTA and must instead apply for a visa:

• British Overseas citizens with indefinite leave to remain in the UK
• British Subjects with indefinite leave to remain in the UK
• British protected persons
• British Overseas citizens subject to immigration control in the UK
• British Subjects subject to immigration control in the UK

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Visas & Permits

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We look forward to welcoming you. Here's the essential information you'll need to visit Canada, including passport and eTA requirements.

Entering Canada

Whether you are travelling to Canada by air, land or sea, you must have a valid passport and travel documents. Please review the information below to ensure a seamless entry into the country.

UK Travellers

Visitors from the United Kingdom must show a passport or equivalent travel document to enter Canada.

Most British citizens travelling for a short time don't need a visa, but do need to apply for an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) before flying to Canada. It is quick and easy to apply for an eTA online .

For detailed information on requirements and procedures for entering Canada, see the Government of Canada website .

To learn more about Canada customs regulations and questions you might be asked, visit the Government of Canada website .

Know Before You Go

• Key info - find everything you need to know before visiting Canada, including customs and duty, currency, measurements, time zones, languages, culture, weather and more.
• Getting around - find everything you need to know about how to get around in Canada.

Required Permits

Film/video permits.

If you are planning to produce film or video, you may require advanced permission and permits. Most permits are issued by the province/territory, city, park or specific attraction or venue, and filming may or may not be allowed, depending on the location and time of year. 

Contact your Provincial Marketing Organization media representative to get the information you need.

Drone Permits

If you are using a drone to film, you need to get permission first to fly your drone and then make sure you are doing so safely and legally. Please review the key information below.

• Apply to Transport Canada for a Special Flight Operations Certificate (SFOC)
• How to fly safely and legally , plus drone regulations.
• Drone safety precautions

Driving in Canada

As long as you have a valid UK/EU driver's license, you can drive a car, motorcycle or RV in Canada. Be sure to bring your license with you, along with proof of auto insurance.

Read more about getting around in Canada, plus accessibility.

Parks Canada Permits

For most small-scale filming or photography in a national park, you need only to register. Parks Canada recommends registering at least 20 business days in advance. Check the Parks Canada media website for the criteria and registration form. If your project is larger in scope, you must apply for a Parks Canada film/photo permit by emailing [email protected] or contacting the park directly.

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Canada eTA Requirements from UK

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Citizens of the United Kingdom (and the majority of its Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies) enjoy visa-free travel to Canada if they have a Canadian Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) . In order to successfully obtain this, they must meet the Canada eTA requirements for British citizens .

The United Kingdom (UK) is one of the various countries whose citizens are exempt from Canada’s visa requirements for short-term visits. British nationals who have an eTA can stay up to 6 months without a visa .

The Canadian eTA allows British citizens to take advantage of this visa exemption. It is available via a simple online application . The eTA is typically processed very quickly and the travel authorization is received by email.

What Is a Canada eTA for British Citizens and What Does It Do?

The Canada eTA , or Electronic Travel Authorization, is a digital visa waiver that grants permission to citizens of the UK and other visa-exempt countries to enter Canada.

British citizens can stay in Canada for a maximum of 6 months visa-free with the Canadian eTA.

The eTA for Canada can be obtained by UK nationals by completing a straightforward online application form . This streamlined system is user-friendly and the process of applying for the eTA generally takes a matter of minutes.

Once approved, the Canada eTA is valid for 5 years , or until the traveler’s UK passport expires, whichever occurs first. During the period of its validity, the travel authorization permits multiple entries to Canada.

The eTA is electronically linked to the British passport registered in the original application.

Do I Need an eTA to Travel to Canada as a UK Citizen?

The Canadian eTA is a travel entry requirement for citizens of the UK to enter the country by air.

British citizens who are planning to visit Canada for less than 6 months must register their details with the Canadian eTA system and have their application approved before traveling to the country.

The eTA for Canada is a requirement for British passport holders if the purpose(s) of their visit is one or more of the following:

• Visiting family members

The Canada eTA is not required if the British traveler intends to move to and/or work in Canada . All British nationals who have a visa for Canada, Canadian citizenship, or permanent residency in Canada do not have to apply for an eTA.

British Passport Holders: Who Needs eTA for Canada?

There are many different types of British passport , including passports for citizens of the UK proper, British Overseas Territories citizens, British Nationals (Overseas), and British Subjects.

Most, but not all, of these are eligible for visa exemption for Canada and for the Canadian eTA.

The following types of British passport holder can obtain the eTA for Canada:

• UK passport (UK citizen)

Crown Dependency passports:

• Guernsey passport
• Jersey passport
• Manx passport (Isle of Man)

British Overseas Territories passports:

• Anguillan passport
• Bermudian passport
• British Virgin Islands passport
• Caymanian passport
• Gibraltar passport
• Montserratian passport
• Pitcairn Islands passport
• Saint Helena passport
• Turks and Caicos Islands passport

Other types of British passport:

• British National (Overseas) holding British National (Overseas) passport
• British Overseas citizens holding British Overseas citizen passport (with right of abode in the UK)
• British subjects holding British subject passport (with right of abode in the UK)

The following types of British passport holders are not eligible for the Canada eTA and must apply for a visa instead:

• British Overseas citizens and British subjects with indefinite leave to remain in the United Kingdom
• British protected persons
• British subjects and British Overseas citizens who are subject to immigration control in the United Kingdom.

Do I Need a Visa for Canada from the UK

Providing they spend no longer than 6 months in Canada , British passport holders do not need a Canadian visa if they are:

• Visiting Canada on holiday
• On a business trip to Canada
• Transiting through the country on the way to another destination
• Visiting family in Canada

In the above situations, UK citizens require a Canada eTA rather than a visa. The eTA is much quicker and easier to obtain. It can be applied for online, whereas it is necessary to go to a Canadian embassy or consulate to acquire a visa for Canada.

Conversely, a British citizen will need the relevant Canadian visa or permit if they wish to do the following:

• Relocate to Canada
• Perform paid work in the country
• Stay for longer than 6 months in Canada

How Can I Apply for the Canada eTA from the UK?

To apply for the eTA for Canada, British citizens must complete a simple application form online . This usually takes a few minutes.

Applicants from the UK must submit the following details:

• Basic personal information (e.g. full name, date of birth, etc.)
• Contact details (e.g. email address, contact phone number, etc.)
• Passport data (e.g. document number, expiry date, etc.)

There are also a few quick questions to answer regarding the British visitor’s travel history, health, and background.

Applicants should ensure that all information entered into the form is accurate and correct. It is advisable to double-check all the answers before submitting the form to avoid errors that could cause delays or even rejection of the application.

eTA Requirements for British Citizens to Travel to Canada

As part of the Canada eTA application, UK nationals are required to provide a few key items to ensure that the travel authorization is granted.

Canada eTA entry requirements for British citizens include:

• Valid UK passport
• Current email address
• Method of payment (credit or debit card)

The British passport used in the online eTA application must be presented at Canadian border control on arrival .

If the passport registered is lost, damaged, stolen, or expires before the trip, the UK national must reapply for the Canada eTA and register their new passport. This is because the eTA is electronically linked to the specific passport used to apply.

Application Steps

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Canadian Visa Requirements for UK Citizens

This article provides information on the Canadian visa requirements for UK citizens. It explains the types of visas available, application procedures, required documents, associated costs, and the need for certified translations. It also offers a checklist for travel preparations.

Are you a UK citizen planning to visit, work, or study in Canada? If so, it's essential to understand the Canadian visa requirements for UK citizens. Travelling to Canada has just been made easier with the removal of the COVID-19 border requirement as of October 1, 2022. However, Canada visa requirements still apply. So, if you plan on visiting the country for studies, tourism, visiting family or friends, marriage or investments, you will require some key documents and conditions for having a visa. These conditions differ for citizens of various countries.  Citizens of the UK (& its Overseas Territory) have the opportunity of travelling to Canada without using a visa. All they need to get is an Electronic Travel Authorisation (eTA) for travels from 6 months and below. In this article, we'll walk you through the various visa types, application procedures, required documents, and associated costs for UK citizens.

In this article, you will find information on: 

• What type of visa do UK citizens need to visit Canada?
• How do I apply for a Canadian visa as a UK permanent resident or citizen?

Documents You Need to Apply for an eTA

• Documents You Need to Apply for a Canadian Visa

How much does a Canadian visa cost for UK citizens?

• How to get a certified translation.

What Type of Visa Do UK Citizens Need to Visit Canada?

Generally, there are 2 major kinds of Canadian Visas; permanent resident visa and temporary resident visa, with all the other types of visas coming under these broad categories. This means there is a visa for almost everyone, depending on what your purpose for travelling to Canada is. 

Some types of Canadian visas are; express entry visas, start-up visas, self-employment visas, refugee visas, provincial nominee visas etc. But if you are a UK citizen visiting Canada for a short period, (up to 6 months) you generally do not require a visa. Instead, you need to get an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) for tourism, business, or transit purposes if you are travelling to Canada by air. You won’t need an eTA if you are travelling by land or sea. However, if you plan to work or study in Canada for more than 6 months, you will need to apply for a specific work or study permit. Likewise, if you need to stay for more than 6 months at a time for whatever legal reason, you will need to get the appropriate visa for your visit. 

Here's an overview of the most common visa types(travel documents) for UK citizens:

• Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA): This is an entry requirement that is meant for visa-exempt foreign nationals who want to travel to Canada by air. The eTA is electronically linked to your passport and is valid for up to 5 years or until you renew your passport. It can only be used for short visits that are up to 6 months, nothing more.  
• Study permit: This is a document issued to UK students that allows them to study at Designated Learning Institutes (DLIs)in Canada. The Canadian study permit is usually valid for a stipulated period and may come with a restriction of movement, while in Canada. It is necessary for UK citizens planning to study in Canada for more than 6 months.  
• Work permit: This is a document that is issued by the IRCC to foreigners who want to work in Canada temporarily. It usually stipulates where they can work, who they can work for, the kind of work they can do and for how long they can do it.

How do I Apply for a Canadian Visa as a UK Permanent Resident or Citizen?

• eTA Application: The process for getting the correct travel documents to Canada for a UK citizen is pretty straightforward. To get an eTA, UK citizens can apply online through the Government of Canada's official website. This is the only site authorised to receive the application and issue the eTA. The application process is simple, and you'll typically receive your eTA approval within minutes after paying the non-refundable fee of $7 CAD. However, in some cases, it may take a few days. It is recommended that you should apply for your eTA well in advance of your trip before you buy your flight ticket, in order to avoid any losses.  
• Student Permit Application: It is important to note that a student permit is not a visa and does not guarantee your entry into Canada. If you apply for a Canadian study permit , you will also need to apply for an eTA (for the academic pursuit of 6 months & less) or a visitor visa, as this is what will enable you to enter Canada.  
• Work Permit Application: For Canadian work permits , it is advised that you apply online. However, you can also apply by sending in a paper application attached with a note explaining that you are eligible to apply by paper . But you must note that online applications usually have faster processing times. To apply online, visit the Government of Canada's immigration and citizenship website and follow the step-by-step instructions. The government of Canada is currently prioritising processing work permits for essential service professions like Agriculture & Healthcare. If your occupation does not fall under these fields, your application might take longer to process. You can apply for a work permit outside Canada, in Canada or at a port of entry into Canada.

If you are applying for an eTA , here are the things you need to have in hand before your application.

• A valid British passport .
• A valid email address (the outcome of your eTA application will be communicated to you through this email).
• A valid card (Visa card, Mastercard or American Express card)to make the non-refundable payment for the eTA.

Documents You Need to Apply for a Canadian Visa 

If your visit to Canada from the UK will be over 6 months, here are the required documents for a Canadian visa application. They may vary, depending on the type of visa you're applying for. 

Here's a general list of documents you may need:

• A valid UK passport with at least six months of validity beyond your planned stay in Canada.
• Proof of sufficient funds to cover your stay in Canada.
• Two recent passport-sized photographs.
• Completed application forms and any additional forms required for your specific visa type.
• An acceptance letter from a Designated Learning Institution (DLI) if applying for a study permit.
• A job offer from a Canadian employer if applying for a work permit.
• A medical examination result.
• Proof of no criminal record.
• Receipt from the payment of the visa application fee.

Check the specific requirements for the visa type you're applying for on the Canadian government's website.

Travel Checklist

The cost of a Canadian visa for UK citizens depends on the type of visa:

• Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA): CAD $7 (approx. £4).
• Study permit: CAD $150 (approx. £88).
• Work permit: CAD $155 (approx. £91).

Please note that these fees are subject to change, and additional fees may apply for biometrics, medical examinations, or other services. Check the Government of Canada's website for the most up-to-date information on visa fees.

How to get a certified translation

The official language in Canada is English and French, which makes it easy enough for UK citizens to use their documents in Canada because English is also the official language in the UK. However, what do you do if your documents are in one of the other languages used in the UK? If any of your documents are in Scots, Welsh, Irish or any of the other languages spoken in the UK, you need to have them translated by a certified translator, you will need to submit your translated documents with a certification from the translator. Translayte provides legally certified translation services Canada , attested by a stamp to confirm the authenticity and accuracy of the translation, thus meeting the requirements for Canadian visa applications. 

Here is an example of our certified document translation . 

Translayte guarantees to translate your documents to the accepted standard for Canada visa application. Our service will ensure that you do not have to allocate extra time for your visa processing needs. The translation process takes from as little as 12 hours to 48 hours, with same-day delivery for urgent cases.  

Get in touch with our team today to consult on our competitive fees and have your documents translated in no time.

Understanding the Canada visa requirements for UK citizens is crucial to ensure a smooth and hassle-free trip. By following the guidelines provided in this article, you'll be well-prepared for your journey to Canada. Happy travels!

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I Declare: A guide for residents returning to Canada

October 1, 2022 : covid-19 emergency border measures ended.

Refer to COVID-19: Travel, testing and borders for details.

As of February 6, 2022 , the Canadian Food Inspection Agency ( CFIA ) has new limits on regulated goods that travellers may import for personal use. Consult the following for details:

• Automated Import Reference System ( AIRS )
• Bringing food into Canada for personal use or
• Importing aquatic animals for travellers or personal use
• Maximum quantity limits for personal use exemption

Any quantities above the new limits will require that travellers obtain the following in advance of arrival:

• a B3 commercial entry
• a Safe Food for Canadians licence

For commercial shipments : you must obtain a Safe Food for Canadians ( SFC ) licence for food you are importing into Canada for a commercial purpose (for resale). Consult the following for details:

• Commercially importing food to Canada

This is to advise that as of March 15, 2021 , food import transactions of previously registered food commodities meat, fish, dairy, eggs, processed eggs, processed fruits or vegetables, honey, maple and, fresh fruits or vegetables will automatically be rejected by the Canadian food inspection agency ( CFIA ) when transmitted electronically, unless a valid SFC licence is entered in the Integrated Import Declaration (IID) and shipments may be refused entry to Canada .

Businesses must obtain their SFC licence before presenting their shipment at the border. They will not be able to obtain an SFC licence at the border.

Please contact the Canadian Food Inspection Agency ( CFIA ) for more information on import requirements and consult the CFIA's website for further details on commercially importing food to Canada .

The information in this guide provides an overview of the laws, restrictions, entitlements and obligations that apply to Canadian residents returning to Canada following international travel of less than one year.

The information applies to personal goods only. Residents who are importing goods for commercial purposes should refer to the Step-by-step guide to importing commercial goods into Canada .

For more information, call the Border Information Service (BIS).

Know before you go

Identification, travelling with children, protecting yourself from diseases, protecting your valuables.

• Travelling with CAN$10,000 or more 

Save time at the border

Are you eligible, absence of less than 24 hours, absence of more than 24 hours, absence of more than 48 hours, absence of more than 7 days, what conditions apply, do you spend part of the year outside canada, provincial considerations, alcoholic beverages, tobacco products, gifts, prizes and awards, modifying an item outside canada, repairs or alterations to your vehicle, vessel, or aircraft, emergency repairs, returning to canada, making your declaration, you and the border services officer, false declarations and the seizure of goods, if you became ill while travelling, the payment of duty and taxes, duty and taxes estimator, applicable duty rate and taxes, importing a marine pleasure craft, unaccompanied goods, food, plants, animals and related products, health products and prescription drugs, goods contaminated with soil, prohibited consumer products, cultural property, firearms and weapons, explosives, fireworks and ammunition, obscene material, used or second-hand mattresses, other prohibited goods, goods subject to import controls.

You must carry proper identification for yourself, your children and any dependents travelling with you.

Proper identification includes a Canadian passport, a Canadian birth certificate, a citizenship card or a Certificate of Indian Status. The Government of Canada recommends that Canadian citizens and dual citizens travel internationally with a valid Canadian passport . This is the only reliable and universally accepted identification document available to Canadians for the purpose of international travel.

In the case of international air travel, the following documents are proof of Canadian citizenship: a valid Canadian passport, a Canadian temporary passport or a Canadian emergency travel document.

International transportation companies—such as air, rail or bus lines—may require travellers to present a passport and/or a Canadian Permanent Resident Card. You may face delays or may be prevented from boarding if you do not present one of these documents.

In Canada, persons under the age of 18 or 19 are considered minors (or children). The age of a minor is determined by the province or territory of residence. When travelling abroad, minors should carry a Canadian passport . In the air mode, they must carry a Canadian passport. It is also strongly recommended that the following documents be available:

• Consent letter  confirming that the child has permission to travel abroad (for example, when taking a trip alone or with only one parent);
• Supporting additional identification , such as a passport, birth certificate or citizenship card; and
• Other legal documents , such as divorce papers, custody court orders or a death certificate (if one parent is deceased).

Minors travelling alone or with an adult will be assessed on a case-by-case basis by the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) at the port of entry.

For more information, consult Travelling with Children .

Before you leave Canada, you should contact a travel health clinic to find out what vaccinations and medications you might need. For more information, consult Travel Health .

You should take advantage of a free identification service for valuables you are bringing with you on your travels. This service is available at all CBSA offices across Canada and helps ensure that you have proof that your goods were in your possession prior to leaving Canada.

To use this service, before leaving Canada, you must present your valuables to a border services officer. You must state that you acquired them in Canada or lawfully imported them at an earlier date. The officer will list your valuables and their serial numbers on a wallet-sized card called a Form BSF407, Identification of Articles for Temporary Exportation. This service is available for items that have serial numbers or other unique markings. For items that do not have such markings, the CBSA can apply a sticker to them so that they can be identified for customs purposes as goods that are legally permitted in Canada.

There is no expiry date on the form; therefore it remains valid as long as the information is current and legible.

When returning to Canada, show your card to the border services officer as proof, if requested.

It is recommended that you travel with as little jewellery as possible. As jewellery often has significant value and can be difficult to identify, it cannot be listed on a Form BSF407 in the same way as other valuables. You should take the following steps before you leave Canada to make it easier for you to re-enter the country with these items:

• Obtain an appraisal report along with a signed and dated photograph of each piece of jewellery from a recognized Canadian gemologist, jeweller or your insurance agent;
• Obtain written certification that the items or jewellery in the photographs are the ones described in the appraisal report;
• Take the jewellery appraisal reports, certification statements and photographs to a CBSA office to be validated prior to travelling outside of Canada;
• If the jewellery was purchased in Canada, retain the sales receipt;
• If you imported the goods previously, make sure you have a copy of your importation receipt (BSF175 Casual Goods Accounting Document) ; and
• Carry the appraisal reports, the certifications and photographs when travelling outside Canada.

Travelling with CAN$10,000 or more

There are no restrictions on the amount of money you can bring into or take out of Canada, nor is it illegal to do so.

However, any time you cross the border, you must declare any currency or monetary instruments you have in your possession that are valued at CAN$10,000 or more. The CAN$10,000 can be any combination of Canadian or foreign currency and monetary instruments, such as stocks, bonds, bank drafts, cheques and traveller's cheques. This requirement applies to you whether you are travelling on business, pleasure or if you are carrying money on behalf of someone else.

When you arrive in Canada with currency or monetary instruments valued at CAN$10,000 or more in your possession, you must report it on Form E311, the CBSA Declaration Card (if one was provided to you), on an Automated Border Clearance kiosk or a Primary Inspection Kiosk , or in the verbal declaration made to a border services officer.

When leaving Canada by air with currency or monetary instruments valued at CAN$10,000 or more in your possession, you must report to the CBSA office within the airport before clearing security. Prior to leaving Canada by land, boat or rail, report to the CBSA office nearest your location.

If you are a NEXUS member and are crossing the border with currency or monetary instruments valued at CAN$10,000 or more, you cannot use NEXUS in the land, air or marine modes of transportation. For more information: NEXUS Terms and Conditions .

Consult Travelling with CAN$10,000 or more .

The CBSA offers voluntary Trusted Traveller programs to streamline border clearance for pre-approved, low-risk Canadian and U.S. citizens and permanent residents. As a member, you can use the following Trusted Traveller programs when entering Canada at major airports, highways and waterways:

The NEXUS program is jointly run by the CBSA and U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) and offers benefits to trusted travellers who are crossing the border into Canada and the U.S.

To become a NEXUS member, you must: complete the online application process; satisfy the admissibility and eligibility criteria; pass risk assessments carried out by both the CBSA and U.S. CBP; and attend an interview at a NEXUS Enrolment Centre. Visit the NEXUS Application web page for more information.

The CANPASS suite of programs

The CANPASS suite of programs offers benefits to trusted travellers (Canadian citizens or permanent residents only) who are crossing the border into Canada. These programs include:

• CANPASS Air
• CANPASS Corporate Aircraft
• CANPASS Private Aircraft
• CANPASS Private Boats

To become a member of one or more CANPASS programs, you must: complete the registration process (with a paper application); satisfy the admissibility and eligibility criteria; and pass risk assessments carried out by the CBSA. When applying to join CANPASS Air, you must also visit an enrolment centre to finalize your enrolment. Visit the CANPASS site for more information.

Personal exemptions

You may qualify for a personal exemption when returning to Canada. This allows you to bring goods up to a certain value into the country without paying regular duty and taxes.

You are eligible for a personal exemption if you are one of the following:

• a Canadian resident returning from a trip outside Canada;
• a former resident of Canada returning to live in this country; or
• a temporary resident of Canada returning from a trip outside Canada.

Children are also entitled to a personal exemption as long as the goods are for the child's use. Parents or guardians can make a declaration to the CBSA on behalf of the child.

What are your personal exemptions?

The length of your absence from Canada determines your eligibility for an exemption and the amount of goods you can bring back, without paying any duty and taxes. (The exception is a special excise duty that may apply to certain tobacco products. Refer to Tobacco Products section .)

• Personal exemptions do not apply to same-day cross-border shoppers.
• You can claim goods worth up to CAN$200.
• Tobacco products and alcoholic beverages are not included in this exemption.
• If the value of the goods you are bringing back exceeds CAN$200, you cannot claim this exemption. Instead, duty and taxes are applicable on the entire amount of the imported goods.
• Goods must be in your possession and reported at time of entry to Canada.
• A minimum absence of 24 hours from Canada is required. For example, if you left at 19:00 on Friday the 15th, you may return no earlier than 19:00 on Saturday the 16th to claim the exemption.
• You can claim goods worth up to CAN$800 .
• You may include alcoholic beverages and tobacco products, within the prescribed limits. Refer to sections Tobacco Products and Alcoholic Beverages.
• If the value of the goods you are bringing back exceeds CAN$800, duties and taxes are applicable only on amount of the imported goods that exceeds CAN$800 .
• A minimum absence of 48 hours from Canada is required. For example, if you left at 19:00 on Friday the 15th, you may return no earlier than 19:00 on Sunday the 17th to claim the exemption.
• You must have tobacco products and alcoholic beverages in your possession when you enter Canada, but other goods may follow you by other means (such as courier or by post). However, all of the goods you are bringing back must be reported to the CBSA when you arrive. See Unaccompanied Goods section.
• A minimum absence of seven days is required. When calculating the number of days you have been absent, exclude the day you left Canada but include the day you returned. For example, we consider you to have been absent seven days if you left Canada on Friday the 7th and return no earlier than Friday the 14th to claim the exemption.
• You cannot combine your personal exemptions with another person's or transfer them to someone else.
• You cannot combine your personal exemptions. For example, if you are absent from Canada for 9 days total, you cannot combine your 48-hour exemption (CAN$800) with your 7-day exemption (CAN$800) for a total exemption of CAN$1,600.
• In general, the goods you include in your personal exemption must be for your personal or household use. Such goods include souvenirs that you purchased, gifts that you received from friends or relatives living outside Canada or prizes that you won.
• Goods you bring in for commercial use or for another person do not qualify for the exemption and are subject to applicable duties and taxes. In all cases, goods you include in your 24-hour exemption (CAN$200) or 48-hour exemption (CAN$800) must be with you upon your arrival in Canada.
• Except for tobacco products and alcoholic beverages, goods you claim in your 7-day exemption (CAN$800) may be shipped to your home by mail, courier or other means of transportation.
• You must always report the value of the goods you are importing in Canadian funds. Foreign currency amounts including any foreign taxes must be converted to Canadian dollars at the applicable exchange rate recognized by the CBSA.

If you spend six months or less in another country for health reasons or pleasure, the CBSA still considers you a resident of Canada and you are entitled to the same exemptions as other Canadian residents. When you import foreign goods or vehicles for your personal use into Canada (even temporarily), you must meet all import requirements and pay all applicable duty and taxes.

Except for restricted items, you can bring any amount of goods back to Canada. If you qualify for a personal exemption, you will be required to pay the duty and taxes as well as any provincial or territorial levies that apply on the amount that exceeds your personal exemption. If you do not qualify for a personal exemption, you will be required to pay the duty and taxes as well as any provincial or territorial levies that apply on the entire amount.

Alcoholic beverages are products that exceed 0.5% alcohol by volume. Certain alcoholic and wine products that do not exceed 0.5% by volume are not considered alcoholic beverages.

If you have been away from Canada for 48 hours or more , you are allowed to import one of the following amounts of alcohol free of duty and taxes:

You must meet the minimum age of the province or territory where you enter Canada. Minimum ages are established by provincial or territorial authorities: 18 years for Alberta, Manitoba and Quebec and 19 years for the remaining provinces and territories.

The CBSA classifies "cooler" products according to the alcoholic beverage they contain. For example, beer coolers are considered to be beer and wine coolers are considered to be wine.

The quantities of alcoholic beverages you can import must be within the limit set by provincial and territorial liquor control authorities that apply where you will enter Canada. If the amount of alcohol you want to import exceeds your personal exemption, you will be required to pay the duty and taxes as well as any provincial or territorial levies that apply. Contact the appropriate provincial or territorial liquor control authority for more information before you return to Canada.

You can speed up your clearance by having your tobacco products available for inspection when you arrive.

Whether they are stamped or unstamped, if you bring in tobacco products that exceed your personal exemption, you will be required to pay the regular duty and taxes as well as any provincial or territorial levies that apply on the excess amount.

Note: You must be 18 years of age to bring tobacco products into Canada under your personal exemption.

Stamped Tobacco Products – Personal exemption amounts

If you wish to import cigarettes, manufactured tobacco and tobacco sticks duty free as part of your personal exemption, the packages must be stamped " duty paid Canada droit acquitté ". You will find tobacco products sold at duty-free stores marked this way.

If you have been away from Canada for 48 hours or more, you may import all of the following amounts of cigars and stamped tobacco into Canada free of duty and taxes.

Unstamped Tobacco Products – Special duties rate

A special duty rate applies to cigarettes, manufactured tobacco and tobacco sticks that are not stamped " duty paid Canada droit acquitté".

For example, if you claim a carton of 200 cigarettes as part of your personal exemption and it is not stamped " duty paid Canada droit acquitté", you will be assessed at a special duty rate.

Unstamped Tobacco Products – Import limits

In addition to your personal exemption amounts, there are limits on the quantity of tobacco products that may be imported if it is not packaged and not stamped " duty paid Canada droit acquitté ". The limit is currently five units of tobacco products. One  unit of tobacco products consists of one of the following:

Sending gifts to Canada

While out of the country, you can send gifts to friends in Canada and not pay duty and taxes under the following conditions: each gift must not be worth more than CAN$60 and the gifts cannot be tobacco products, alcoholic beverages or advertising matter.

The recipient must pay the duty and taxes as well as any provincial or territorial levies that apply for each gift having a value in excess of CAN$60. You should include a card indicating that the item is a gift to avoid any misunderstanding.

Returning with gifts

While gifts you send while outside Canada do not count as part of your personal exemption, those accompanying you when you return to Canada, whether gifts for others or gifts you received, are subject to personal exemption limits.

Prizes and awards

In most cases, you must pay regular duty and taxes on these items if you receive them while outside Canada. Prizes can be claimed as part of your personal exemption. You must pay the duty and taxes as well as any provincial or territorial assessments that apply in excess of your personal exemption.

If you take an item outside Canada and change it in any way to enhance its condition or value, it may be subject to duty and taxes when you bring it back into the country. You must declare the value of any work, including repairs, and you may have to declare the full value of the new item.

Even if the good originated in Canada the CBSA is unable to treat the enhanced item as a good returning to Canada. There are different requirements for work done on items, including repairs, outside of Canada. There may be relief if this work is carried out in Canada's free trade partner countries. If you are considering having any work done to your goods outside of Canada, you should contact the CBSA beforehand.

Example: You take an old diamond ring with you on a trip outside Canada. While on your trip, you decide to have the diamond taken out of the old setting and placed in a new setting. When you return to Canada, the CBSA does not consider the ring to be "returned" jewelry and the ring must be declared accordingly. Depending on where you had the work done, you may be required to pay duty and taxes on the full value of the ring or on only the cost to have the work done.

If you plan to have repairs, alterations or additions made to your vehicle, vessel or aircraft outside of Canada, you must declare the work when you arrive at the border. In such cases, you should check with the CBSA for information before you leave.

You may have to pay duty and/or taxes on the work done. In some cases, where the work is carried out in certain countries outside North America, you may have to pay duty and/or tax on the entire value of the vehicle, vessel or aircraft when you bring it back.

Refer to the following CBSA documents for more information:

• D8-2-26, Goods Returned After Repair or Alteration in the United States, Mexico, Chile, Israel or Another CIFTA Beneficiary, Colombia, Costa Rica, Peru, Jordan or Panama
• D8-2-25, Canadian Vessels Repaired or Altered in the United States, Mexico, Chile, Israel or Another CIFTA Beneficiary, Colombia, Costa Rica, Peru, Jordan, Panama, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Switzerland or Norway

If you are outside Canada and you have emergency repairs made to your vehicle, vessel or aircraft, the repairs are duty and tax exempt. To be eligible for this special provision, be sure to declare the value of all repairs and replacement parts when you return to Canada with the vehicle and provide any supporting documentation, such as police or insurance reports.

If there is any doubt that the repairs were required as a result of an emergency, you will be required to pay the duty and taxes that apply for a non-emergency repair or alteration. If you are later able to provide proof supporting the emergency repairs and eligibility for duty and tax relief, you may appeal the initial decision.

For more information, refer to D8-2-4, Canadian Goods Abroad Program – Emergency Repairs .

Transport Canada has requirements for vehicles that are extensively modified. For more information, contact Transport Canada's Registrar of Imported Vehicles . (1-888-842-8240)

You must declare all goods you acquired while outside Canada, including purchases, gifts, prizes and awards that you have with you or are being shipped to you. You must declare goods purchased at a Canadian or foreign duty-free shop, and any repairs or alterations you made to your vehicle, vessel or aircraft while you were out of the country.

If you are unsure whether to declare an item, or whether an item may be inadmissible, always declare it to the border services officer. Officers will assist you in making your declaration and will work out your personal exemption and any duty and taxes you owe in the way that benefits you most.

If you return to Canada by commercial aircraft, you will receive a Form E311, CBSA Declaration Card to complete before you land. These cards are also used at some locations for travellers arriving by train, boat or bus. If you have any questions about the card or related Canadian regulations, ask the border services officer when you arrive. If a declaration cannot be completed at primary inspection, you will be directed to secondary inspection for assistance.

Border services officers will assist any individual who is unable to complete the card because of a disability.

If you arrive in Canada in a private vehicle, such as an automobile, an aircraft, a boat or a bus, you will usually make an oral declaration.

If you are declaring goods that you have claimed under your CAN$800 (7-day) personal exemption that are not in your possession but will follow you, ask the border services officer for Form BSF192, Personal Exemption CBSA Declaration when you arrive in Canada. You must retain your copy of this completed form until you have received and accounted for all of the goods. Refer to Unaccompanied goods .

Upon arrival in Canada, you may be asked to undergo a more detailed process. This is a normal part of the border process which anyone entering or re-entering Canada may experience. You may be asked to complete other forms, or the border services officer may need to examine the goods you are bringing into Canada and ask questions about them. Border services officers are legally entitled to examine your luggage. You are responsible for opening, unpacking and repacking your luggage.

By making your goods easily accessible for inspection, and having your receipts handy, you will be helping the CBSA complete its inspection more quickly. It is a good idea to keep all your receipts for accommodations and purchases, and for any repairs done to, or parts bought for, your vehicle. The border services officer may ask to examine them as evidence of the length of your stay and of the value of the goods or repairs.

If you have any concerns about your experience at the border, ask to speak with the superintendent on duty. A consultation can often resolve the issue. If you are still not satisfied, our officers can tell you how to make a formal complaint.

Some infractions at the border are criminal offences. Border services officers have the authority to arrest individuals for these offences, including those under the Criminal Code such as impaired driving, outstanding arrest warrants, stolen property and abduction or kidnapping. Individuals who are arrested may be compelled to attend court in Canada. Anyone placed under arrest is protected by, and will be treated in accordance with, the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

For more information, refer to Secondary Services and Inspections .

If you do not declare goods, or if you falsely declare them, the CBSA can seize the goods. You may permanently lose the goods or you may have to pay a penalty to get them back. Depending on the type of goods and the circumstances involved, the CBSA may impose a penalty that ranges from 25% to 70% of the value of the seized goods.

Items such as tobacco products and alcoholic beverages are seized permanently when they are not properly declared.

Border services officers may seize all vehicles used to unlawfully import goods. If this happens, you will be required to pay a penalty before the vehicle is returned to you.

The CBSA keeps a record of infractions. If you have an infraction record, you may undergo a more detailed examination on future trips. You may also become ineligible for the NEXUS and CANPASS programs.

If your goods were seized and you disagree with the action taken, you can an appeal the decision by contacting the CBSA within 90 days of the date of the seizure. More information about the appeal process can be found on your seizure receipt form or at Appeals/Reviews .

If you are suffering from a communicable disease upon your return to Canada, or if you have been in close contact with someone with a communicable disease, you must inform a border services officer or a quarantine officer. They will determine if you require further assessment. If you have been ill while travelling or become ill after your return to Canada, inform a Canadian doctor that you have been abroad, where you were and what, if any, treatment or medical care you have received (such as medications, blood transfusions, injections, dental care or surgery).

Paying duty and taxes

The CBSA collects duty and taxes on imported goods on behalf of the Government of Canada. Duty is a tariff payable on a good imported to Canada. Rates of duty are established by the federal Department of Finance and can vary significantly from one good to another as well as from one free trade agreement to another.

The CBSA has areas at most major airports where you can pay any duty or taxes you owe while waiting for your baggage to arrive. Border services officers are there to assist you.

If you arrive by land, a border services officer will direct you to where you can pay duty and taxes.

Making a full declaration and paying any duty and taxes you owe is a simple, straightforward process. You can pay by cash, travellers cheque, Visa, American Express or MasterCard. The CBSA also accepts debit cards at most offices. If an amount is no more than CAN$2,500, you can pay by personal cheque as long as you meet certain conditions, including that you have not had more than one cheque returned from the Government of Canada due to non-sufficient funds (NSF) over a one year period. Consult "methods of payment" in Memorandum D17-1-5, Registration, Accounting and Payment for Commercial Goods .

A border services officer will give you a receipt showing the calculations and amount you paid.

Beneficial duty rate

After each trip outside Canada of 48 hours or longer, in addition to being eligible for a personal exemption of CAN$800 (48-hour) or CAN$800 (7-day), you are entitled to a beneficial duty rate of 7% for additional goods valued up to CAN$300 over your exemption amount. This rate does not apply to tobacco products or alcoholic beverages. It applies only to goods that accompany you and that do not qualify for duty-free entry under the Customs Tariff . You must still pay any goods and services tax (GST) or harmonized sales tax (HST) that applies. In some provinces , the CBSA also collects the provincial sales tax (PST).

Regular duty rate

If you do not qualify for a personal exemption, or if you exceed your exemption limit and beneficial duty rate amounts, you will have to pay the GST/HST, as well as any duty or other tax or assessment that applies on the excess amount. Duty rates vary according to: the goods you are importing; the country where the goods were made; and the country from which you are importing them. You may also have to pay the PST if you live in a province where the CBSA has an agreement to collect the tax and you return to Canada through that province.

To assist in calculating the amount owing, the CBSA has created a duty and tax estimator for travellers.

Under the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), no duty is payable on goods imported for personal use if the good is marked as made in Canada, the United States of America ( USA ) or Mexico, or if there is no marking or labelling indicating that it was made somewhere other than in Canada, the USA , or Mexico.

Canada's other free trade agreements contain a similar provision. Refer to D11-4-13, Rules of Origin for Casual Goods Under Free Trade Agreements .

Most imported goods are also subject to the federal goods and services tax and provincial sales tax or, in certain provinces and territories, the harmonized sales tax.

Provincial sales tax

The CBSA has agreements with some provinces and territories which allow the CBSA to collect provincial/territorial taxes, levies and fees on goods with a value that exceeds your personal exemption amount. If you reside in one of these provinces or territories and you return to Canada at a port of entry in your province or territory of residence, the goods that you import in excess of your personal exemption will be subject to a provincial or territorial assessment.

Harmonized sales tax

The Government of Canada has agreements with New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and Labrador, Prince Edward Island and Ontario to collect the HST. If you live in a participating province and the value of the non-commercial goods you import is more than your personal exemption, you must pay the HST instead of the GST, regardless of where you enter Canada.

Value for duty and foreign sales tax

You must declare the "value for duty" of the goods you are importing. Generally, this is the amount you pay for the goods, including any foreign tax assessment. However, any foreign tax already refunded, or to be refunded by a foreign government, does not have to be included in your value for duty declaration.

Marine pleasure crafts are vessels that are used for non-commercial purposes. These include boats, fishing boats, yachts, dinghies, tenders, motorboats, sailboats and personal watercraft.

All pleasure vessels imported by residents of Canada, regardless of where the vessels are licensed or registered, are subject to all applicable duty and taxes when they are first imported into Canada. As of September 1, 2022 , a luxury tax applies to subject vessels that have a taxable amount over $250,000. For more information, refer to Luxury tax - Canada.ca .

If importing used marine pleasure crafts, the owner must ensure that the vessel is not infested or contaminated with Zebra or Quagga mussels as per the import prohibitions in the Aquatic Invasive Species Regulations made under the Fisheries Act . The vessel should be cleaned, drained, and dried. Refer to Importing marine pleasure craft .

Often travellers acquire goods outside Canada and have these sent home. These goods arrive after your return to Canada. If you make such arrangements with a courier or postal company, you have 40 days from the date of your return to Canada to claim these goods. The good(s) mailed to Canada must qualify for the 7-day personal exemption. The shipment must not contain alcohol or tobacco products.

Upon arrival, you must tell a border services officer that you have shipped goods to follow and request Form BSF192, Personal Exemption CBSA Declaration . Be sure to retain your copy of Form BSF192 until you have received and accounted for all your goods.

Accepting or refusing courier deliveries

When a courier company delivers the goods, they will ask that you to pay the applicable duty and taxes along with a processing fee. You then have two options:

• You can accept delivery by paying the amount owing and then file a claim with the CBSA for a refund of the duties and taxes. For information on the casual goods refund process, refer to D6-2-6, Refund of Duties and Taxes on Non-commercial Importations ; or
• You can refuse to accept the delivery and avoid paying the duty, taxes and the processing fee. If you do this, you must advise the courier company at time of delivery that you will personally clear your goods with the CBSA. Otherwise, the goods will be returned to the country of export. Once you have personally cleared the goods with the CBSA, using Form Form BSF192, Personal Exemption CBSA Declaration you will be required to present the CBSA clearance documents to the courier in order for your goods to be delivered.

For more general information on importing goods by courier, refer to Importing goods for personal use .

Accepting or refusing postal deliveries

When Canada Post delivers the goods, you have three options:

• You can refuse the mail item and request a reassessment (a review of the amount charged before you pay);
• You can pay the duty and/or taxes and request an adjustment (a review of the amount charged after you pay); or
• If you want to return goods to sender before you pay the duty and/or taxes, advise Canada Post upon delivery.

For more information, please refer to Import by Mail .

Exchanging goods

You have 60 days from the date you imported goods under your personal exemption to avoid paying additional duty. Contact your nearest CBSA office for advice.

Restricted and prohibited goods

Importing certain goods into Canada is restricted or prohibited. The following are some examples of these goods.

You must declare all food, plants, animal and related products that you import into Canada. Failure to do so can result in your good being confiscated or you may be subject to a fine or prosecution.

Some of these items are prohibited or regulated because they can carry foreign animal and plant pests and diseases. Refer to the Canadian Food Inspection Agency's (CFIA) Travellers: what you can bring into Canada .

Complete and current import requirements for CFIA-regulated products can be found by consulting CFIA's Automated Import Reference System (AIRS) . AIRS guides the user through a series of questions about the Harmonized System code, origin, destination, end use and miscellaneous qualifiers of the product they wish to import. The import requirements can change on a daily basis due to emerging threats.

Certain species of plants and animals that are endangered or threatened due to commercial exploitation are protected under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) . Their trade is carefully controlled. CITES import requirements do not appear in AIRS. If you have questions about importing a CITES species, visit International trade in protected animals and plants .

Some aquatic invasive species (AIS), such as zebra and quagga mussels and live Asian carp, are prohibited entry to Canada. Refer to Fisheries and Oceans Canada's Aquatic Invasive Species website .

Global Affairs Canada (GAC) has set additional limits on the quantity and/or dollar value of certain food products you can bring into Canada duty-free or that you can include in your personal exemption. Unless you have an import permit from GAC for quantities over and above the established limits, you will have to pay duty ranging from 150% – 300% of the value of the goods. Refer to Tariff Rate Quotas: Agricultural Products for more information.

In some cases, provinces and territories have legislation prohibiting possession or transport of specific invasive species and species that can carry diseases. Before you bring any plants, products or animals (either alive or dead such as in the case of carcasses, trophies or whole fish) into a province or territory, check with the jurisdiction to ensure you comply with provincial and territorial laws and regulations.

For more information, refer to Food plant and animal inspections .

In Canada, health products may be regulated differently than they are in other countries. For example, what is available without a prescription in one country may require a prescription in Canada.

Canada has restrictions on the quantities and types of health products that can be brought in.

More information

• Bringing health products into Canada for personal use ( GUI-0116 )
• Importing and exporting health products for commercial use ( GUI-0117 )

Soil is a major carrier of invasive species as well as plant and animal diseases.

Vehicles, equipment, footwear and other goods arriving at the Canadian border that are contaminated with soil are usually refused entry. These goods may be allowed entry under specific circumstances. Refer to Protecting Canada from Invasive Species .

Invasive insects and diseases can exist in firewood; it cannot be imported into Canada without a permit. Buy firewood locally and burn it on site. Refer to Don't move firewood .

The Canada Consumer Products Safety Act prohibits you from importing consumer products that could pose a danger to the public (for example, baby walkers or jequirity beans that are often found in art or bead work).

You should be aware of consumer products that have safety requirements in Canada. Many of these requirements are stricter than requirements of other countries. For more information refer to Bringing Consumer Products into Canada .

Certain antiquities or cultural objects considered to have historical significance to their country of origin cannot be brought into Canada without the appropriate export permits. Consult Import of Cultural Property for more information.

You must declare all weapons and firearms at the CBSA port of entry when you enter Canada. If not, the goods may be seized and you could face prosecution.

For more detailed information on importing a firearm into Canada, including licensing, registration and permit requirements, consult Import and Export a Firearm or Weapon into Canada .

You must have written authorization and permits to bring explosives, fireworks and certain types of ammunition into Canada. There are personal exemptions for some explosive items. For more information about the importation of these items consult Importation, Exportation and Transportation in Transit or contact Natural Resources Canada's Explosives Regulatory Division .

You are prohibited from importing goods such as obscene material, hate propaganda or child pornography, into Canada. Refer to D9-1-1, Policy on the Classification of Obscene Material and D9-1-15, Policy on the Classification of Hate Propaganda, Sedition and Treason .

You cannot import used or second-hand mattresses into Canada without a certificate that verifies the mattresses have been cleaned and fumigated in the country of export. A letter, or any other document that clearly demonstrates that this requirement has been met, is acceptable if it is signed by a person qualified in cleaning and fumigating. Refer to D9-1-7, Used or Second-Hand Mattresses and Materials Therefrom .

For information concerning other prohibited goods, consult Prohibited Importations .

To monitor the effects of imports on Canadian manufacturers, there are import controls on items such as clothing, handbags and textiles. These controls are outlined in the Export and Imports Permits Act . You may need an import permit, even if you qualify for a personal exemption, depending on the value, quantity or type of goods you intend to import.

For more information about these products, consult Global Affairs Canada's Export and Import Controls .

Vehicle imports fall under several federal departments, including the CBSA, Transport Canada (TC), and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. Requirements from all of these departments apply.

What constitutes a vehicle

Under customs legislation, "vehicle" can refer to any kind of pleasure vehicle such as passenger cars, pickup trucks, camper trucks, vans, jeeps, chassis cabs, motorcycles, snowmobiles and motor homes; as long as it is used for non-commercial purposes.

For the purpose of importing, TC defines a vehicle as, "any vehicle that is capable of being driven or drawn on roads by any means other than muscular power exclusively, but does not include any vehicle designed to run exclusively on rails." Trailers such as recreational, boat, camping, horse and stock trailers are considered vehicles as are wood chippers, generators or any other equipment mounted on rims and tires.

Transport Canada requirements

For importing purposes, Transport Canada considers U.S.-leased and financed vehicles as "purchased" and these vehicles must meet TC's import and admissibility requirements.

Import restrictions also apply to most used or second-hand vehicles that are not manufactured in the current year and are imported from a country other than the United States. For further information, refer to Memorandum D9-1-11, Importation of Used or Second-hand Motor Vehicles .

Before importing any vehicle, you should contact the Registrar of Imported Vehicles (RIV). Created by TC, the RIV administers a national program to ensure that imported vehicles are brought into compliance with Canada's safety standards.

Once a vehicle is released at the border, you must abide by the terms of your TC declaration which may include fulfilling additional requirements established under applicable legislative provisions.

For more information on TC's requirements on the importation of vehicles, including a complete list of vehicle classes, refer to D19-12-1, Importation of Vehicles or contact Transport Canada's Motor Vehicle Safety Directorate .

Provincial/territorial requirements

You should also contact the provincial or territorial licensing authority to determine what provincial requirements may apply for importing and licencing a vehicle in that province or territory. Border services officers will verify compliance to provincial and territorial requirements and legislation prior to releasing a vehicle at the border.

Luxury tax on vehicles

As of September 1, 2022 , a luxury tax applies to subject vehicles that have a taxable amount over $100,000. For more information, refer to Luxury tax - Canada.ca

Has your vehicle come in contact with soil or manure?

Regardless of place of origin, imported used vehicles, farm equipment and related earth-moving vehicles and equipment must be free from soil, sand, earth, plant residue, manure and related debris. Many exotic plant pest organisms capable of causing economic loss to Canadian agricultural production can be transported in soil and related matter. Refer to D19-1-1, Food, Plants, Animals and Related Products .

Purchased, rented, borrowed or leased vehicles: restrictions on temporary importation

If you buy, lease, rent or borrow a vehicle while outside Canada, CBSA and Transport Canada legislation will allow you to bring it into Canada for your personal use on a temporary basis only under certain specific terms and conditions. For additional information, refer to D2-4-1, Temporary Importation of Conveyances by Residents of Canada and D19-12-1, Importation of Vehicles .

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COVID-19: travel health notice for all travellers

United Kingdom travel advice

Latest updates: The Need help? section was updated.

Last updated: April 10, 2024 08:40 ET

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Safety and security, entry and exit requirements, laws and culture, natural disasters and climate, united kingdom - exercise a high degree of caution.

Exercise a high degree of caution in the United Kingdom due to the threat of terrorism.

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There is a threat of terrorism in Europe. Terrorists have carried out attacks in several European cities.

In the United Kingdom, previous incidents have resulted in casualties. They include random violent incidents in public areas, such as knife and vehicle attacks as well as explosions.

These incidents have occurred mainly in the London area but have also happened elsewhere.

Further attacks in the United Kingdom are likely. Targets could include:

• government buildings, including schools
• places of worship
• airports and other transportation hubs and networks
• public areas such as tourist attractions, restaurants, bars, coffee shops, shopping centres, markets, hotels and other sites frequented by foreigners

Always be aware of your surroundings when in public places. Be particularly vigilant if attending:

• sporting events
• religious holidays
• public celebrations
• major political events, such as elections

Terrorists have used such occasions to mount attacks.

The Government of the United Kingdom maintains a public alert system on terrorism and communicates threat level changes online and through local media.

National threat level - British Home Office

Petty crime

Petty crime, such as pickpocketing and purse snatching, is common. Cellphone theft is rampant in certain tourist areas of London. Vehicle theft and theft from parked vehicles also occurs, particularly in tourist areas and roadside stops.

Thieves work alone or in groups and may use various techniques to distract you and steal your belongings.

They are especially active in crowded areas, such as:

• tourist attractions and areas, including Piccadilly Circus, Trafalgar Square and Leicester Square
• airports and public transportation
• restaurants, pubs and bars
• patios and outdoor cafés
• hotel lobbies
• underground pedestrian walkways
• roadside stops

Violent crime

Violent crime, such as mugging, knife crime and sexual assault occurs, particularly in larger cities. There have been incidents of passengers being sexually assaulted and robbed when using unlicensed taxis.

If you have been the victim of a crime on the transportation system, including in a taxi, consult Transport for London to learn how to report it.

Report a crime or incident on the transportation system - Transport for London

During your trip:

• ensure that your belongings, including your passport, are secure at all times
• don’t keep your passport and other types of ID at the same place and carry a photocopy rather than the original
• avoid showing signs of affluence
• avoid carrying large sums of cash or unnecessary valuables
• pay attention to your surroundings, particularly in crowded and tourist areas
• be wary of unsolicited offers or advice from strangers
• be vigilant in urban areas, particularly after dark
• never leave personal belongings unattended in a vehicle, even in the trunk
• use secure parking facilities, especially overnight

Spiked food and drinks

Never leave food or drinks unattended or in the care of strangers. Be wary of accepting snacks, beverages, gum or cigarettes from new acquaintances. These items may contain drugs that could put you at risk of sexual assault and robbery.

Credit card and ATM fraud

Credit card and ATM fraud occurs. Fraud can range from simple to sophisticated, and sometimes involve hidden electronic devices that obtain account information and personal identification numbers.

When using debit or credit cards:

• pay careful attention when others are handling your cards
• use ATMs located in public areas or inside a bank or business
• avoid using card readers with an irregular or unusual feature
• cover the keypad with one hand when entering your PIN
• check for any unauthorized transactions on your account statements

Cybercrime occurs. Perpetrators may compromise public Wi-Fi networks to steal credit card or personal information.

• Avoid using public Wi-Fi networks
• Avoid making purchases on unsecured websites
• Use judgment when posting information on social media
• Be especially careful if you are meeting people you have met online
• Never click a suspicious link in an email or text message asking for your credit card details

Useful links

• More about overseas fraud
• Cybercrime - National Crime Agency

Demonstrations and strikes

Demonstrations take place regularly. Even peaceful demonstrations can turn violent at any time. They can also lead to disruptions to traffic and public transportation.

• Avoid areas where demonstrations and large gatherings are taking place
• Follow the instructions of local authorities
• Monitor local media for information on ongoing demonstrations

Strikes and pressure tactics occur from time to time, in key sectors such as transport. These strikes can sometimes complicate travel and disrupt public services.

• Consult local media to be aware of strikes that may affect your stay or travel plans
• In the event of a transport strike, plan extra time to get to your destination

Northern Ireland

In Northern Ireland, Protestant parades through predominantly Catholic neighbourhoods may occur from April to August, during the Orange Order summer marching season, particularly during the weeks leading up to July 12.

During the summer marching season:

• expect possible delays and disruptions in some areas
• exercise caution
• follow the advice of local authorities

Mass gatherings (large-scale events)

Adventure tourism

Outdoor activities, such as hiking and biking, may lead to safety concerns if they are not well-organized. Weather conditions can change rapidly, even in summer.

If you intend to go walking, biking or hiking in remote areas:

• never do so alone and do not part with your hiking companions
• obtain detailed information on your activity and on the environment in which you will be doing it before setting out
• buy travel insurance that includes helicopter rescue and medical evacuation
• ensure that your physical condition is good enough to meet the challenges of your activity
• avoid venturing off marked trails
• ensure that you’re adequately equipped
• stay informed about weather and other conditions that may pose a hazard
• inform a family member or friend of your itinerary
• Weather conditions - Met Office

Avalanche Forecasts - Scottish Avalanche Information Service

Road safety

Roads are excellent but are often narrow and congested, especially in urban areas. Use caution when entering a traffic circle (roundabout). Rural roads may become hazardous during severe weather conditions.

Pedestrians should use caution when crossing streets and be mindful that traffic is coming from the opposite direction than what they may be used to.

Public transportation

Public transportation is excellent and extensive. Trains and buses services connect most cities and areas of the country.

Taxis are generally safe. Only use officially licensed marked taxis.

• Getting around Britain - Visit Britain
• Train schedules and service alerts - National Rail

We do not make assessments on the compliance of foreign domestic airlines with international safety standards.

Information about foreign domestic airlines

Every country or territory decides who can enter or exit through its borders. The Government of Canada cannot intervene on your behalf if you do not meet your destination’s entry or exit requirements.

We have obtained the information on this page from the British authorities. It can, however, change at any time.

Verify this information with the  Foreign Representatives in Canada .

Entry requirements vary depending on the type of passport you use for travel.

Before you travel, check with your transportation company about passport requirements. Its rules on passport validity may be more stringent than the country’s entry rules.

Regular Canadian passport

Your passport must be valid for at least the expected duration of your stay in the United Kingdom. This requirement may also apply when travelling to Northern Ireland from other parts of the United Kingdom, and vice versa.

Passport for official travel

Different entry rules may apply.

Official travel

Passport with “X” gender identifier

While the Government of Canada issues passports with an “X” gender identifier, it cannot guarantee your entry or transit through other countries. You might face entry restrictions in countries that do not recognize the “X” gender identifier. Before you leave, check with the closest foreign representative for your destination.

Other travel documents

Different entry rules may apply when travelling with a temporary passport or an emergency travel document. Before you leave, check with the closest foreign representative for your destination.

• Foreign Representatives in Canada
• Canadian passports

Tourist visa: not required for stays of up to 6 months Business visa or work permit: required Student visa: required

You may need a work permit or visa even if you plan to do:

• unpaid work
• volunteer work
• part-time work
• temporary work

A marriage visitor visa is also required if you plan to get married or register a civil partnership in the United Kingdom.

You should obtain your visa from the UK Visas and Immigration or the closest British High Commission in Canada before your departure.

The High Commission of Canada in the United Kingdom, in London, cannot assist you in your visa application process. Consult the UK Visas and Immigration authorities or the British High Commission in Canada to:

• make sure you apply for the proper visa you need according to the purpose of your visit (marriage, employment, study)
• find out which documents you need to obtain your visa
• obtain any status updates
• check if you will be required to pay a health-care surcharge
• Check if you need a UK visa  - UK Government
• UK Visas and Immigration  - UK Government
• Pay for UK healthcare as part of your immigration application  - UK Government

Other entry requirements

UK Border officials may ask you to show them a return or onward ticket and proof that you have sufficient funds to support yourself for the duration of your stay.

If you are unable to do so, or if you seek entry as a visitor but are found with items indicating that you intend to seek any type of employment (such as curriculum vitae or educational certificates), you may be denied entry and expelled from the country.

Similarly, if you seek entry as a visitor and are suspected of planning to reside in the UK for any reason, including having a UK-based partner, you may be denied entry.

If you have previously been refused entry, contact the British High Commission in Ottawa to enquire about entry clearance before making plans to visit the UK, even if a visa is normally not required.

Transiting through a United Kingdom airport

If you plan to transit through a United Kingdom airport, make sure you comply with the entry requirements of your final destination. If you don’t meet the entry requirements of your final destination, you may be denied boarding.

Unplanned layovers could lead to substantial travel costs and delays. You should not depend on the Government of Canada for assistance related to changes to your travel plans.

Children and travel

Learn more about travelling with children .

Yellow fever

Learn about potential entry requirements related to yellow fever (vaccines section).

Relevant Travel Health Notices

• Global Measles Notice - 13 March, 2024
• COVID-19 and International Travel - 13 March, 2024

This section contains information on possible health risks and restrictions regularly found or ongoing in the destination. Follow this advice to lower your risk of becoming ill while travelling. Not all risks are listed below.

Consult a health care professional or visit a travel health clinic preferably 6 weeks before you travel to get personalized health advice and recommendations.

Routine vaccines

Be sure that your  routine vaccinations , as per your province or territory , are up-to-date before travelling, regardless of your destination.

Some of these vaccinations include measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, varicella (chickenpox), influenza and others.

Pre-travel vaccines and medications

You may be at risk for preventable diseases while travelling in this destination. Talk to a travel health professional about which medications or vaccines may be right for you, based on your destination and itinerary. 

Yellow fever is a disease caused by a flavivirus from the bite of an infected mosquito.

Travellers get vaccinated either because it is required to enter a country or because it is recommended for their protection.

• There is no risk of yellow fever in this country.

Country Entry Requirement*

• Proof of vaccination is not required to enter this country.

Recommendation

• Vaccination is not recommended.

* It is important to note that country entry requirements may not reflect your risk of yellow fever at your destination. It is recommended that you contact the nearest diplomatic or consular office of the destination(s) you will be visiting to verify any additional entry requirements.

About Yellow Fever

Yellow Fever Vaccination Centres in Canada

Measles is a highly contagious viral disease. It can spread quickly from person to person by direct contact and through droplets in the air.

Anyone who is not protected against measles is at risk of being infected with it when travelling internationally.

Regardless of where you are going, talk to a health care professional before travelling to make sure you are fully protected against measles.

  Hepatitis B is a risk in every destination. It is a viral liver disease that is easily transmitted from one person to another through exposure to blood and body fluids containing the hepatitis B virus.  Travellers who may be exposed to blood or other bodily fluids (e.g., through sexual contact, medical treatment, sharing needles, tattooing, acupuncture or occupational exposure) are at higher risk of getting hepatitis B.

Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all travellers. Prevent hepatitis B infection by practicing safe sex, only using new and sterile drug equipment, and only getting tattoos and piercings in settings that follow public health regulations and standards.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious viral disease. It can spread from person to person by direct contact and through droplets in the air.

It is recommended that all eligible travellers complete a COVID-19 vaccine series along with any additional recommended doses in Canada before travelling. Evidence shows that vaccines are very effective at preventing severe illness, hospitalization and death from COVID-19. While vaccination provides better protection against serious illness, you may still be at risk of infection from the virus that causes COVID-19. Anyone who has not completed a vaccine series is at increased risk of being infected with the virus that causes COVID-19 and is at greater risk for severe disease when travelling internationally.

Before travelling, verify your destination’s COVID-19 vaccination entry/exit requirements. Regardless of where you are going, talk to a health care professional before travelling to make sure you are adequately protected against COVID-19.

 The best way to protect yourself from seasonal influenza (flu) is to get vaccinated every year. Get the flu shot at least 2 weeks before travelling.  

 The flu occurs worldwide. 

•  In the Northern Hemisphere, the flu season usually runs from November to   April.
•  In the Southern Hemisphere, the flu season usually runs between April and   October.
•  In the tropics, there is flu activity year round. 

The flu vaccine available in one hemisphere may only offer partial protection against the flu in the other hemisphere.

The flu virus spreads from person to person when they cough or sneeze or by touching objects and surfaces that have been contaminated with the virus. Clean your hands often and wear a mask if you have a fever or respiratory symptoms.

In this destination, rabies  may be present in some wildlife species, including bats. Rabies is a deadly disease that spreads to humans primarily through bites or scratches from an infected animal. 

If you are bitten or scratched by an animal while travelling, immediately wash the wound with soap and clean water and see a health care professional. 

Before travel, discuss rabies vaccination with a health care professional. It may be recommended for travellers who will be working directly with wildlife. 

Polio (poliomyelitis) is an infectious disease that can be prevented by vaccination. It is caused by poliovirus type 1, 2 or 3. Circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus 2 (cVDPV2) is present in this country. Polio is spread from person to person and through contaminated food and water. Infection with the polio virus can cause paralysis and death in individuals of any age who are not immune.

Recommendations:

• Be sure that your polio vaccinations are up to date before travelling. Polio is part of the routine vaccine schedule for children in Canada.
• One booster dose of the polio vaccine is recommended as an adult .

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a risk in some areas of this destination. It is a viral disease that affects the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). It is spread to humans by the bite of infected ticks or occasionally when unpasteurized milk products are consumed.

Travellers to areas where TBE is found may be at higher risk  during April to November, and the risk is highest for people who hike or camp in forested areas.

Protect yourself from tick bites . The vaccine is not available in Canada. It may be available in the destination you are travelling to.

Safe food and water precautions

Many illnesses can be caused by eating food or drinking beverages contaminated by bacteria, parasites, toxins, or viruses, or by swimming or bathing in contaminated water.

• Learn more about food and water precautions to take to avoid getting sick by visiting our eat and drink safely abroad page. Remember: Boil it, cook it, peel it, or leave it!
• Avoid getting water into your eyes, mouth or nose when swimming or participating in activities in freshwater (streams, canals, lakes), particularly after flooding or heavy rain. Water may look clean but could still be polluted or contaminated.
• Avoid inhaling or swallowing water while bathing, showering, or swimming in pools or hot tubs. 

Insect bite prevention

Many diseases are spread by the bites of infected insects such as mosquitoes, ticks, fleas or flies. When travelling to areas where infected insects may be present:

• Use insect repellent (bug spray) on exposed skin
• Cover up with light-coloured, loose clothes made of tightly woven materials such as nylon or polyester
• Minimize exposure to insects
• Use mosquito netting when sleeping outdoors or in buildings that are not fully enclosed

To learn more about how you can reduce your risk of infection and disease caused by bites, both at home and abroad, visit our insect bite prevention page.

Find out what types of insects are present where you’re travelling, when they’re most active, and the symptoms of the diseases they spread.

Animal precautions

Some infections, such as rabies and influenza, can be shared between humans and animals. Certain types of activities may increase your chance of contact with animals, such as travelling in rural or forested areas, camping, hiking, and visiting wet markets (places where live animals are slaughtered and sold) or caves.

Travellers are cautioned to avoid contact with animals, including dogs, livestock (pigs, cows), monkeys, snakes, rodents, birds, and bats, and to avoid eating undercooked wild game.

Closely supervise children, as they are more likely to come in contact with animals.

Human cases of avian influenza have been reported in this destination. Avian influenza   is a viral infection that can spread quickly and easily among birds and in rare cases it can infect mammals, including people. The risk is low for most travellers.

Avoid contact with birds, including wild, farm, and backyard birds (alive or dead) and surfaces that may have bird droppings on them. Ensure all poultry dishes, including eggs and wild game, are properly cooked.

Travellers with a higher risk of exposure include those: 

• visiting live bird/animal markets or poultry farms
• working with poultry (such as chickens, turkeys, domestic ducks)
• hunting, de-feathering, field dressing and butchering wild birds and wild mammals
• working with wild birds for activities such as research, conservation, or rehabilitation
• working with wild mammals, especially those that eat wild birds (e.g., foxes)

All eligible people are encouraged to get the seasonal influenza shot, which will protect them against human influenza viruses. While the seasonal influenza shot does not prevent infection with avian influenza, it can reduce the chance of getting sick with human and avian influenza viruses at the same time.

Person-to-person infections

Stay home if you’re sick and practise proper cough and sneeze etiquette , which includes coughing or sneezing into a tissue or the bend of your arm, not your hand. Reduce your risk of colds, the flu and other illnesses by:

•   washing your hands often
• avoiding or limiting the amount of time spent in closed spaces, crowded places, or at large-scale events (concerts, sporting events, rallies)
• avoiding close physical contact with people who may be showing symptoms of illness 

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) , HIV , and mpox are spread through blood and bodily fluids; use condoms, practise safe sex, and limit your number of sexual partners. Check with your local public health authority pre-travel to determine your eligibility for mpox vaccine.  

Medical services and facilities

Health care is excellent. Service is available throughout the country.

You must pay for medical services provided by the National Health Service (NHS) unless:

• you are an ordinarily resident of the United Kingdom
• you are accessing emergency services exempted from fees.

You may be required to pay the medical fees in advance.

Make sure you get travel insurance that includes coverage for medical evacuation and hospital stays.

• Accessing NHS services as a visitor - National Health Service (NHS)
• Travel health and safety

Keep in Mind...

The decision to travel is the sole responsibility of the traveller. The traveller is also responsible for his or her own personal safety.

Be prepared. Do not expect medical services to be the same as in Canada. Pack a   travel health kit , especially if you will be travelling away from major city centres.

You must abide by local laws.

Learn about what you should do and how we can help if you are arrested or detained abroad .

Transfer to a Canadian prison

Canada and the United Kingdom are signatories to the Convention on the Transfer of Sentenced Persons. This enables a Canadian imprisoned in the United Kingdom to request a transfer to a Canadian prison to complete a sentence. The transfer requires the agreement of both Canadian and the United Kingdom authorities.

This process can take a long time, and there is no guarantee that the transfer will be approved by either or both sides.

Penalties for possession, use or trafficking of illegal drugs are severe. Convicted offenders can expect prison sentences and heavy fines.

Drugs, alcohol and travel

Laws on knives

It is illegal to carry, purchase, sell or enter the country with certain types of knives. Convicted offenders can expect heavy fines and jail sentences.

Selling, buying and carrying knives - UK Government

Dual citizenship

Dual citizenship is legally recognized in the United Kingdom.

If you are a Canadian citizen, but also a citizen of the United Kingdom, our ability to offer you consular services may be limited while you're there. You may also be subject to different entry/exit requirements .

Travellers with dual citizenship

International Child Abduction

The Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction is an international treaty. It can help parents with the return of children who have been removed to or retained in certain countries in violation of custody rights. The convention applies between Canada and the United Kingdom.

If your child was wrongfully taken to, or is being held in the United Kingdom, and if the applicable conditions are met, you may apply for the return of your child to the British court.

If you are in this situation:

• act as quickly as you can
• contact the Central Authority for your province or territory of residence for information on starting an application under The Hague Convention
• consult a lawyer in Canada and in the United Kingdom to explore all the legal options for the return of your child
• report the situation to the nearest Canadian government office abroad or to the Vulnerable Children’s Consular Unit at Global Affairs Canada by calling the Emergency Watch and Response Centre

If your child was removed from a country other than Canada, consult a lawyer to determine if The Hague Convention applies.

Be aware that Canadian consular officials cannot interfere in private legal matters or in another country’s judicial affairs.

• List of Canadian Central Authorities for the Hague Convention
• International Child Abduction: A Guidebook for Left-Behind Parents
• Travelling with children
• The Hague Convention - Hague Conference on Private International Law
• Canadian embassies and consulates by destination
• Emergency Watch and Response Centre

Traffic drives on the left.

International driving permit

You can drive with a valid Canadian licence for up to 12 months from your date of entry. Certain car rental companies may require an international driving permit. You should carry an international driving permit.

Congestion Charge

If you drive into central London between 7 a.m. and 10 p.m., you will be required to pay a daily congestion charge. The Congestion Charge zone is indicated by a large “C” painted on the roads and by signs.

You can pay the fee by phone, online or at selected shops and gas stations. Parking in London is limited and charges are high.

• More about the International Driving Permit
• Congestion Charge  - Transport of London

The currency of the United Kingdom is the pound sterling (GBP).

If you are carrying £10,000 or more, or the equivalent in other currencies, you must make a declaration to customs when you enter or leave the United Kingdom.

It includes sums in:

• banknotes and coins
• bearer bonds
• travellers’ cheques
• cheques that are signed but not made out to a person or organization
• money orders (Northern Ireland only)
• gold coins, bullion or nuggets (Northern Ireland only)
• prepaid cards (Northern Ireland only)

Take cash in and out of the UK - Government of the United Kingdom

Severe weather

England, Scotland and Wales are subject to wind storms that can cause death and injury and severely damage commercial, residential and natural areas.

Fog, and snow can also have widespread impacts, including transportation disruptions.

• Keep informed of regional weather forecasts
• Stay away from disaster areas
• Follow the instructions of local authorities, including evacuation orders
• Storm forecast - Met Office

Flooding and landslides

Heavy rains can cause severe flooding, mudslides and landslides, particularly in certain coastal and riverside areas. Roads may become impassable and infrastructure damaged.

• Exercise caution, particularly in coastal areas and around major rivers
• Stay informed of the latest regional weather forecasts
• Follow the advice of local authorities, including evacuation orders
• Flooding risks in England - UK Government
• Flood forecasting - Scottish Environment Protection Agency

Forest fires may occur, particularly during summer months.

The air quality in areas near active fires may deteriorate due to heavy smoke.

In case of a major fire:

• stay away from affected areas, particularly if you suffer from respiratory ailments
• monitor local media for up-to-date information on the situation
• England and Wales Fire Severity Index - Met Office
• Wildfires - Scottish Fire and Rescue Service

There is a risk of avalanches in mountainous regions, especially following heavy snowfalls. Some may be fatal.

Monitor the avalanche forecasts if you plan on practicing mountain activities.

Local services

Dial 999 for emergency assistance.

Consular assistance

The Falkland Islands and Gibraltar

For emergency consular assistance, call the High Commission of Canada in the United Kingdom, in London, and follow the instructions. At any time, you may also contact the Emergency Watch and Response Centre in Ottawa.

The decision to travel is your choice and you are responsible for your personal safety abroad. We take the safety and security of Canadians abroad very seriously and provide credible and timely information in our Travel Advice to enable you to make well-informed decisions regarding your travel abroad.

The content on this page is provided for information only. While we make every effort to give you correct information, it is provided on an "as is" basis without warranty of any kind, expressed or implied. The Government of Canada does not assume responsibility and will not be liable for any damages in connection to the information provided.

If you need consular assistance while abroad, we will make every effort to help you. However, there may be constraints that will limit the ability of the Government of Canada to provide services.

Learn more about consular services .

Risk Levels

  take normal security precautions.

Take similar precautions to those you would take in Canada.

  Exercise a high degree of caution

There are certain safety and security concerns or the situation could change quickly. Be very cautious at all times, monitor local media and follow the instructions of local authorities.

IMPORTANT: The two levels below are official Government of Canada Travel Advisories and are issued when the safety and security of Canadians travelling or living in the country or region may be at risk.

  Avoid non-essential travel

Your safety and security could be at risk. You should think about your need to travel to this country, territory or region based on family or business requirements, knowledge of or familiarity with the region, and other factors. If you are already there, think about whether you really need to be there. If you do not need to be there, you should think about leaving.

  Avoid all travel

You should not travel to this country, territory or region. Your personal safety and security are at great risk. If you are already there, you should think about leaving if it is safe to do so.

Do you need a passport to go to Canada?

T raveling to Canada from the United States is relatively straightforward, but the documentation required can vary depending on your mode of transportation and citizenship status. While a passport is the most widely accepted form of identification for international travel, alternative options are available for U.S. citizens entering Canada by land or sea.

What you need to know about traveling to Canada

So, what exactly do you need to cross into Canada? It really depends on how you’re getting there.

What documents do I need to cross the Canadian border by car?

If you’re a U.S. citizen traveling to Canada by land or sea, you have a few options for acceptable documentation:

• Passport: A valid U.S. passport is the most widely recognized and accepted form of identification for international travel, including entry into Canada. It’s also the only document accepted for air travel to Canada.
• Passport card: This wallet-sized card can be used to re-enter the United States from Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, and Bermuda at land border crossings or sea ports of entry. It cannot be used for air travel.
• Enhanced driver’s license (EDL): Several U.S. states, including Michigan, New York, Vermont, and Washington, issue enhanced driver’s licenses that are designed to meet the document requirements for land and sea travel into Canada, Mexico, and the Caribbean. EDLs are not valid for air travel.
• Trusted traveler program card: U.S. citizens enrolled in trusted traveler programs like NEXUS, SENTRI, or FAST can use their program card to expedite entry into Canada at designated land border crossings.

What do you need to enter Canada from the U.S.?

To enter Canada from the United States, you need to present one of the following acceptable documents:

• Valid U.S. passport
• U.S. passport card (land and sea travel only)
• Enhanced driver’s license issued by an approved state (land and sea travel only)
• Trusted traveler program card (NEXUS, SENTRI, or FAST) (land travel only)

Can I travel to Canada with my U.S. birth certificate?

No, a U.S. birth certificate alone is not sufficient for entry into Canada. Although it serves as proof of citizenship, it does not include the necessary identification information required for international travel. A birth certificate must be accompanied by additional approved documentation, such as a government-issued photo ID.

Can you get into Canada with an enhanced license?

Yes, an enhanced driver’s license (EDL) issued by an approved U.S. state is a valid document for entry into Canada by land or sea. However, an EDL cannot be used for air travel to Canada or any other international destination. For air travel, a valid passport is required.

EDLs are currently issued by the states of Michigan, New York, Vermont, and Washington, specifically to facilitate land and sea travel between the United States and Canada, Mexico, and some Caribbean destinations. These licenses incorporate additional security features and are approved by the Department of Homeland Security and the Canadian government for border-crossing purposes.

Before traveling, it’s always a good idea to check the latest entry requirements and regulations with the Canadian government, as these can change over time. 

Bottom line

While a passport is the most widely accepted and recommended form of identification for travel to Canada, U.S. citizens have several alternatives for land and sea travel, including passport cards, enhanced driver’s licenses, and trusted traveler program cards. Regardless of the documentation used, all travelers need to meet Canada’s admissibility requirements and should familiarize themselves with the latest entry regulations before going on their trip.

The post Do you need a passport to go to Canada? appeared first on The Manual .

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Record your trips outside Canada

As a temporary or permanent resident, it’s a good idea to write down your trips outside Canada by air, land or boat, including day trips to the United States. You’ll need this information when you apply for a new Permanent Residence card and when you apply for citizenship .

The travel journal is an easy way to record trips outside Canada. Keep it with your passport or other travel documents. This is not an official document and we don’t need to see it. It’s just to help you remember your trips. You won’t need to send it to us with your application.

Download the travel journal

What to record

• The date you left and the date you came back to Canada, even if it’s the same day
• Countries you visited
• Why you left – give examples like vacation, work, family, etc.
• Include any day trips (less than 24 hours), including to the United States
• When the journal is full, keep it safe and print a new copy

Example of how to fill out the travel journal

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France, India, Russia, UK issue travel warnings over Israel-Iran tensions

Warnings come as Tehran promises reprisals against Israel for the deadly April 1 attack on an Iranian consulate in Syria.

Countries including France, India, Russia, Poland and the United Kingdom have warned their citizens against travelling to Israel, the occupied Palestinian territories and, in some cases, the wider region amid threats of an Iranian attack in response to a strike this month on its consulate in Damascus.

Iran has threatened reprisals against Israel over the strike in the Syrian capital on April 1, which killed seven Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps members, including two generals, leading to fears of an escalation of violence in the Middle East.

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The French Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs on Friday advised its citizens against travelling to Iran, Lebanon, Israel and the Palestinian territories.

In a statement on the social media platform X, the ministry added that relatives of Iran-based diplomats will return to France and French civil servants are now banned from conducting any missions in the countries and territories in question.

The UK told its citizens to avoid all but essential travel to Israel and Palestine over the “possibility of an attack on Israeli territory from Iran”.

In an update, the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office warned against “all travel” to northern Israel, the Gaza Strip, areas near Gaza and the occupied West Bank – excluding occupied East Jerusalem and Route 1 between Jerusalem and Tel Aviv.

Russia strongly recommended its citizens “refrain from travelling to the region”, emphasising security risks in Israel, Lebanon and Palestine.

“The situation in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict zone as well as in the area of the ‘Blue Line’ between Lebanon and Israel remains unstable,” its Ministry of Foreign Affairs said.

Poland’s Foreign Ministry also advised against travel to Israel, Palestine and Lebanon.

“It cannot be ruled out that there will be a sudden escalation of military operations, which would cause significant difficulties in leaving these three countries,” it said in a statement. “Any escalation may lead to significant restrictions in air traffic and the inability to cross land border crossings.”

India’s statement covered Iran and Israel, calling on Indians not to go to the two countries until further notice in view of the “prevailing situation in the region”.

The Ministry of External Affairs in New Delhi said Indian citizens who are in the two countries should observe “utmost precautions about their safety and restrict their movements to the minimum”.

Germany meanwhile warned its citizens to leave Iran specifically, saying escalating tensions could affect exit routes.

“In the current tensions, especially between Israel and Iran, there is a risk of a sudden escalation,” the Foreign Office said. “German citizens are at concrete risk of being arbitrarily arrested and interrogated and being given long prison sentences. Dual citizens with Iranian and German nationality are especially at risk,” it added.

Separately, German flagship airline Lufthansa extended its suspension of flights to and from Tehran until Thursday and will not use Iranian airspace during that time.

Real and viable threat, US says

The United States has restricted its employees in Israel and their family members from personal travel outside the greater Tel Aviv, Jerusalem and Beersheba areas.

An imminent attack by Iran on Israel is a “real” and “viable” threat, US National Security Council spokesman John Kirby told journalists on Friday, adding that Washington would make sure the Israelis “have what they need and that they’re able to defend themselves”.

Speaking to reporters on Friday, President Joe Biden said: “We are devoted to the defence of Israel. We will support Israel. We will help defend Israel, and Iran will not succeed.”

The top US commander for the Middle East, General Erik Kurilla, is also in Israel for talks with its military officials on security threats. His trip was moved up from a previously scheduled date “due to recent developments”, Pentagon spokesman Major General Pat Ryder said on Thursday.

After Kurilla discussed the tensions with Iran with Israeli Defence Minister Yoav Gallant on Friday, Gallant said the US and Israel were “shoulder to shoulder” in facing possible threats.

“We are prepared to defend ourselves on the ground and in the air, in close cooperation with our partners, and we will know how to respond,” the defence chief added.

The Wall Street Journal, quoting a person familiar with the matter, reported on Thursday that Israel was preparing for an attack by Iran as soon as Friday or Saturday.

Al Jazeera’s Hamdah Salhut, reporting from East Jerusalem, said the Israeli army announced that it was preparing on all fronts offensively and defensively.

“A couple of weeks ago, the Israelis increased their alertness level, calling up reservists and bolstering air defence systems,” she said, adding that Israeli officials said they were prepared for anything.

Israel has bombarded the Gaza Strip since October 7 and sent in ground forces, killing at least 33,600 Palestinians and injuring more than 76,000. Hamas’s October 7 attacks on southern Israel killed more than 1,100 people there.

Israel has also stepped up strikes against Iranian personnel and allies in Syria and Lebanon and has traded near daily cross-border fire with the Lebanese group Hezbollah since the start of the war.

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Iranian attack on Israel expected ‘sooner rather than later’, says Joe Biden

President said US are ‘devoted to the defence of Israel’ as he urged Tehran to show restraint

Joe Biden has said he expects an Iranian attack on Israel “sooner rather than later” and issued a last-ditch message to Tehran: “Don’t.”

“We are devoted to the defence of Israel . We will support Israel. We will help defend Israel and Iran will not succeed,” Biden told reporters on Friday.

Earlier the White House national security spokesperson John Kirby warned that the threat of a significant Iranian attack on Israel remains “viable” despite Washington-led efforts, including calls to Tehran from the UK and Germany, to deter a serious escalation in the conflict in the Middle East.

The White House comments came as several countries, including India, France , Poland and Russia, warned their citizens against travel to the region and Israel’s defence minister, Yoav Gallant, said his country was “prepared to defend [itself] on the ground and in the air, in close cooperation with our partners”.

Later CBS, quoting two unnamed US officials, reported that a substantial missile and drone attack could be launched as early as Friday evening, as a number of countries urgently warned their nationals of the risk of escalating violence in the region, and Israel’s prime minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, convened a security assessment.

Appearing to underline that report, Javad Karimi-Ghodousi, a member of the Iranian parliament’s national security and foreign policy commission, said: “After punishing the Zionist regime in the coming hours, this villain will understand that henceforth, wherever in the world it attempts to assassinate figures of the resistance front, it will again be punished with Iranian missiles.”

German airline Lufthansa said on Friday its planes would no longer use Iranian airspace and extended its suspension of flights to and from Tehran until Thursday.

Qantas has paused its non-stop flights from Perth to London because the 17-and-a-half-hour flight is possible only by using Iranian airspace.

Iran has threatened reprisals against Israel for a strike on the Iranian consulate in Syria on 1 April, in which seven members of the Revolutionary Guards including two generals were killed, sparking fears that an already volatile climate in the Middle East could quickly spiral further.

Tehran’s foreign minister, Hossein Amir-Abdollahian, said on Thursday that Iran felt it had no choice but to respond to the deadly attack on its diplomatic mission after the UN security council failed to take action.

Speaking to reporters, Kirby said the prospect of an Iranian attack on Israel was “still a viable threat” despite concerted efforts by Israel and the US in recent days to deter it .

“We are in constant communication with our Israeli counterparts about making sure that they can defend themselves against those kinds of attacks,” Kirby said. He confirmed that the head of US Central Command, Gen Erik Kurilla, was in Israel talking with defence officials about how Israel could be best prepared.

Israel has said it is strengthening air defences and has paused leave for combat units.

On Friday, France ordered the evacuation of diplomats’ families and warned nationals in several other countries, including Israel and Lebanon, and alerts were issued by Canada and Australia. The US also restricted travel within Israel for US diplomats and their families.

In its strong warning on Friday, the French foreign ministry advised citizens against travelling to Iran, Lebanon, Israel and the Palestinian territories and said French civil servants were banned from conducting any missions there.

The advisories followed a number of media reports that Israel was preparing for the prospect of an attack from Iran, possibly as soon as this weekend.

A US official told the Wall Street Journal that American intelligence reports indicated an Iranian retaliatory strike “possibly on Israeli soil” as opposed to against Israeli interests elsewhere, adding that the strike could come within 24 to 48 hours.

The same report, however, also reported an individual briefed by the Iranian leadership as saying no final decision had been taken by Tehran.

The newspaper reported US officials as saying that the US Navy had repositioned two destroyers in the region in order to protect US and Israeli forces.

While analysts had initially speculated that Iran may not rush into a response, concern has grown in the last two days over the potential for direct conflict between Iran and Israel after years of proxy conflict between the two enemies.

More recently experts have suggested that Iran now feels it is required to act militarily to restore its balance of deterrence with Israel.

On Wednesday, Joe Biden said Iran was threatening a “significant attack” against Israel and that Washington would do all it could to protect Israel’s security.

The US president’s comments in turn followed a televised speech by Iran’s leader saying the attack in Damascus was equivalent to an attack on Iran itself. “When they attacked our consulate area, it was like they attacked our territory,” Ayatollah Ali Khamenei said. “The evil regime must be punished, and it will be punished.”

The Israeli military said it was fully prepared for any strike. Israel was “on alert and highly prepared for various scenarios, and we are constantly assessing the situation,” the Israel Defense Forces spokesperson, R Adm Daniel Hagari, said at a press conference. “We are ready for attack and defence using a variety of capabilities that the IDF has, and also ready with our strategic partners.”

According to reports in the Israeli media, the IDF believes that Iran or one of its proxies are most likely to attempt to strike a military target rather than civilian centres, although some sites such as the Kirya, Israel’s defence headquarters in Tel Aviv, are located in city centres next to shopping malls, offices and restaurants.

Concern over a significant escalation in the Middle East conflict, which has already drawn in Hezbollah in Lebanon, pro-Iranian groups in Iraq and Yemen’s Houthis, came as Israeli forces continued to fight Palestinian militants in the north and centre of the Gaza Strip.

Residents of al-Nusseirat refugee camp in central Gaza said dozens were dead or wounded after Israeli bombardment from air, land and sea that had followed a surprise ground assault on Thursday, and that houses and two mosques had been destroyed.

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